RIDGE TEAM
Spring Presentation
TEAM MEMBERS
Architect :Amy Wang
Stanford University
Structural Engineer :
Per Karlsten KTH, Sweden
Construction Manager :
Kostas Dimitros
Stanford University
Apprentice:
Lars Keim
FHA, Switzerland
Owner :Peter Demian
SITE
Site Location: Lake Tahoe Area, California
Plentiful Sunshine
Heavy Winter Snow
Steel Acoustic ProblemsConstruction time
Fire ProtectionLight structureSteel
Concrete/Glass interactionAcoustic/FireConcrete
•Extensive use of glass•Tight classrooms•Lack of natural light in basement level
•Private and public outdoor gathering spaces•Open office plan
Concept 2
Concrete/glass interactionFew Vibration ProblemsConcrete
•Extensive use of glass•Expensive Cantilever
•Curved glass and atrium to provide abundant natural light•Short Construction time•Lower cost – use of prefabrication
Concept 1
ConsPros
WINTER QUARTER
View from Main Road
Natural Light
View out
Entrance View and Light
ARCHITECTURE – SITE RESPONSE
Large Classrooms
EW Section
ARCHITECTURE – FLOOR PLANS
Auditorium
Small Classrooms
Ground Plan
N
Technical Labs
Student Offices
Computer Machine Room
Seminar Rooms
First Floor Plan
EW Section
N
ARCHITECTURE – FLOOR PLANS
EW Section
Faculty Offices
Faculty Lounge
Admin Offices/Chair Offices
Second Floor Plan
N
ARCHITECTURE – FLOOR PLANS
EW Section
Vertical Circulation
Atrium
Second Floor PlanFirst Floor PlanGround Plan
ARCHITECTURE – FLOOR PLANS
M&E systems
1
1
2 43
2
4
ARCHITECTURE - ATRIUM
3
ARCHITECTURE
ARCHITECTURE - DAYLIGHTING
Day-lighting
•Daylighted rooms show greater performance by the occupants
•Reducing energy in lighting and heating
Heschong Mahone Group. “Daylighting in Schools”
August 20, 1999. Submitted to George Loisos, PG&E.
.Lightshelf
• Direct sun and glare
• Exterior shading controls solar gain and glare
Double-pane
•Insulation
Operable Shade
•Allows occupant control
ARCHITECTURE - GLAZING
East Facade
Reflective louvers
EAST/SOUTH FACADE
South Facade
Redirecting glazing
Lightshelf of about 4’
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
LOADS
GRAVITY• Deadloads
– Concrete 144 pcf– Steel 490 pcf
• Liveloads – Offices 50 psf– Classrooms 40 psf– Corridors 100 psf– Auditorium 50 psf
• Snowload 250 psf
LATERAL• Earthquake
(Seismic Zone 3)Quasi static force
~0.16xWeight.
Total weight:
1300 metric tons.
STRUCTURAL SYSTEM
Ground Floor
1st Floor
STRUCTURAL SYSTEM
2nd FLOOR
SIZES
ROOF
2ND FLOOR
1ST FLOOR
S18x54.7
W21x166
W18x106
S15x42.9
Columns: HP14x89
Bracing: W18x192
FOUNDATION SOLUTION
The soil conditions:
Gravel layer over granite.
DYNAMIC ANALYSIS
Mode Frequency (Hz)
Contribution
(~ %)
1 1.44 37
2 1.85 25
3 1.88 21
4 1.96 12
PARTIALLY PRESTRESSED COMPOSITE GLASS
STEEL CONNECTIONS
W21x166
W18x192
BOLTS M24 HP14x89
HP14x89
Max deflections:
Z: -16 mm
y
x
z
DEFLECTIONS VERTICAL
DEFLECTIONS LATERAL
x
yz
Max deflections:
X: 23mm
Y: 27mm
PROBLEM AREA COLUMN
Column location above the auditorium.
Load transfer system
Gravity force
Internal force
PROBLEM AREA FLAT ROOF
CON
•HIGH SNOWLOAD
•HEAVIER ROOF
•EXPENSIVE DRAINING
PRO
•MORE ARCHITECTUAL SPACE
•LESS EXCAVATION
•MEET HEIGHT RESTRICTION
CONSTRUCTION BUDGETCONSTRUCTION BUDGET
5.5
3.99 3.75
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
$M
2015 2002(2.5%) 2002(3%)
Years (Inflation rates)
Budget Value
Amount in US $
Reference for 2.5% inflation rate: Prof. Robert Sahr,Political Science Dept. Oregon State University
SUMMARYSUMMARY
Structural system:Structural system:Steel Structure
Time completion:Time completion: 11 months (Mon 6/8/15- Wed 4/27/16)
Cost estimation:Cost estimation: $4,091,056.04$4,091,056.04
SITE PLANSITE PLAN
EQUIPMENTEQUIPMENT
Front Loader
Caterpillar 834G
Excavator
John Deere 560LC
Crane
Link Belt:LS-138H II Lattice Crawler Crane 80 Ton (77.62 mt)
EQUIPMENTEQUIPMENT
Concrete mix trucks Concrete Pumps
Forklift NissanF05
SERIESHeavyweight Pneumatic
Gradall
G6-42A
MECHANICALMECHANICAL
A. Architect – spaceB. Structural - weightC. Electrical – POWERD. Plumbing – gas, H2O, drains
Information needed:
Air cooled system
1. Lighter
2. less maintenance
3. less expensive
Cooling towers and boilers from main University facility
MECHANICAL ROOMMECHANICAL ROOM
Insulated chiller pipes
Condenser pumps
Coils
Air Handler
HVAC DISTRIBUTIONHVAC DISTRIBUTION
VAV box
Terminal units
ELECTRICALELECTRICAL
1.Main Electrical Room Size: 12'X 8'; 2nd & 3rd flr Elec Rm size 6'X 6'
2. Cost for whole system is $210,000.00
3. Metal conduit for feeders, cable tray for telephone cables.
4. After building is raintight: 2 months.
AREAAREA KVA PWR KVA LTG TONS KVA KVA AMPS
4 VA/SQFT 3.5 VA/SQFT 250sqft./ton
LEVEL 1 10000.0 40.0 35.0 40.0 100.0 175.0 210.5
LEVEL 2 10000.0 40.0 35.0 40.0 100.0 175.0 210.5
LEVEL 3 10000.0 40.0 35.0 40.0 100.0 175.0 210.5
ELEVATOR 30.0 30.0 36.1
MISC. MECHANICAL 30.0 30.0 36.1
TOTAL 30000.0 180.0 105.0 120.0 300.0 585.0 703.7800A SERVICE IS REQUIRED
POWER & LIGHTING PWR + LTG + HVAC
LOAD CALCULATIONHVAC
ELECTRICALELECTRICAL
Single Line Diagram
PLUMBINGPLUMBING
Waste and Vent system
Occupancy 150 people
MEN (75) WOMEN (75)
WC 1/40 1/30URINAL 1/35
LAV 1/40 1/40
PLUMBINGPLUMBING
Circulating pump
Hot/Cold water supply and return
SPRINKLERSSPRINKLERS
•Light Hazard Occupancy
•Spacing max 15-16ft
•Protection Area 168 ft
•Duration 30 min
Viking Preaction SystemsViking Preaction Systems
a)against accidental water discharge b)speed the action of large dry pipe systems.
Single-Interlocked Preaction System
Double-Interlocked Systems
Horizon™ Flush Sprinklers
SPRINKLERSSPRINKLERS
About 3.5$/sf or $105,000 (3% of total cost)About 3.5$/sf or $105,000 (3% of total cost)
$ 23.67$ 23.67
$ 27.74$ 27.74
DRAINAGE SYSTEMDRAINAGE SYSTEM
Drainage system at Landscape
Sidewalk below grade, so good drainage system is needed.
DRAINAGE SYSTEMDRAINAGE SYSTEM
Drainage system at Roof
SIDEWALK PROBLEMSIDEWALK PROBLEM
Solution 1:Sprinkling groundwater over the icy surfaces
No: Problems of ground subsidence and falling groundwater
Solution 2: Electing heating cables/burning oil or gas
No: Consumption of fossil fuels emission of CO2
Solution 3: Hot water through copper tubing
No: Consumption of energy/water
Icy sidewalkIcy sidewalk
SIDEWALK SOLUTIONSIDEWALK SOLUTIONWinter: DCHE can extract heat from subsurface strata
Summer:The solar heat is recovered from the road and stored in the earth
Gaia snow-melting system
60% more expensive
Low running cost, long service life cheaper in 10 year period (depreciation,interest)
CONSTRUCTION SEQUENCECONSTRUCTION SEQUENCE
COST ESTIMATIONCOST ESTIMATIONCost estimation for Ridge
Steel Solution
Quantity Unit Unit Price Extension CommentsSitework $122,500.00
2200 Earthwork 3215 CY 15.00 $48,225.00 6'*124"*120"+ Vauditorium2200 Site utilities 30000 SF 0.83 $24,900.00 Landscape drainage2200 Crushed Rock Fill 625 CY 25.00 $15,625.00 12" thick
Sidewalk snowmelt system 250 LF 135.00 $33,750.00 (60% more than hot water through tubing)Foundations $66,374.40
Concrete3300 Spread Footings 180 CY 175.00 $31,500.00 50 blocks (3*3*1 ft^3)3300 Slab on Grade 170 CY 180.00 $30,600.00 area X 2 foot depth
Reinforcing3200 Spread Footings 1080 LBS 0.52 $561.60 6 lbs per CY3200 Slab on Grade 7140 LBS 0.52 $3,712.80 42 lbs per CY
Superstructure $716,455.00
Concrete 3300 Fill On Metal Deck 20000 SF 3.00 $60,000.00 slab area x thickness (6 inches) X # floors3300 Fill On Metal Deck - Roof 10000 SF 3.00 $30,000.003300 Pan Filled Stairs 123 Risers 75.00 $9,225.00 12', 20 Risers/floor, 2 three stoey stairwells
Reinforcing3200 Reinforcing on Metal Deck 20000 SF 0.52 $10,400.00 floor area X # floors3200 Mesh @ Pan Filled Stairs 123 EA 10.00 $1,230.00 12', 20 Risers/floor, 2 three stoey stairwells
Metal Decking5300 Metal Decking 25000 SF 2.20 $55,000.00
Fire proofing9250 Fire proofing @ structure 28000 SF 1.75 $49,000.00 Total SF / 50
Structural Steel5120 Structural Framing 180 Tons 1,800.00 $324,000.00 Total SF * 12 lbs / 2000 = tons
Misc Iron5500 Elevator Divider Beams 2 EA 1,000.00 $2,000.00 one per elevator5500 Elevator Pit Ladders 2 EA 800.00 $1,600.00 one per elevator5500 Counterweight Support Steel 2 EA 2,500.00 $5,000.005500 Guiderail Support Steel 2 EA 500.00 $1,000.005500 Loading Dock Edge Metal 25 LF 30.00 $750.00 25 LF5500 Loading Dock Guardrails 6 LF 275.00 $1,650.005500 Pipe Bollars 1 LF 150.00 $150.005500 Roll-up Support Doors 1 EA 1,200.00 $1,200.005500 Entry Canopy Frame 1 LS 45,000.00 $45,000.00
Stairs5500 Stairs- Stringers and Risers 123 Risers 425.00 $52,275.00 story height / 7" risers * number of stairs * # floors5500 Landings 6 EA 4,500.00 $27,000.00 two per floor5500 Guardrails 123 LF 225.00 $27,675.00 # of risers5500 Handrails 123 LF 100.00 $12,300.00 # of risers
Steel FrameSteel Frame $ 324,000$ 324,000
COST ESTIMATIONCOST ESTIMATION
Exterior Façade $531,033.00
Precast3450 Arch Precast (Portland stone) 7,200 SF 33.50 $241,200.00 Area covered by various arch finishes
Glass and Glazing8900 Glass Curtain Wall 4700 SF 45.00 $211,500.00 Area covered by glass
Curved curtain wall 480 SF 80.00 $38,400.008900 Window Type 1 6 SF 38.00 $228.00 2' * 6' for restrooms8900 Window Type 2 4 SF 38.00 $152.00 2' * 3' for stairwells8900 Canopy 60 SF 47.00 $2,820.008900 Exit Doors- Dbl 2 PRS 4,500.00 $9,000.00
Insulation7200 Thermal Insulation 520 SF 0.90 $468.00 perimeter X 1.3 floors7200 Fire Safing 1290 LF 8.50 $10,965.00 perimeter * 3 floors
Roofing
Roofing7500 Roofing Material 200 SF 4.50 $900.00 perimeter /2
Sheet Metal7600 Coping 400 LF 18.00 $7,200.00 perimeter7600 Flashings 400 LF 9.50 $3,800.00 perimeter7600 Flashings- Counterflashings 400 LF 11.00 $4,400.00 perimeter
Interiors $205,270.00
Misc. Iron5500 Lavetory Counter Supports 60 LF 125.00 $7,500.00 10'*2*25500 Toilet Partition Supports 4 EA 1,200.00 $4,800.00 2 per floor
Door/ Frames/ Hardware8100 Painted HM Doors - SGL 25 EA 1,500.00 $37,500.00 25 doors
Drywall9250 2 HR Partitions 5500 SF 6.50 $35,750.00 Total Bldg SF/ 69250 1 HR Partition 5500 SF 5.50 $30,250.00 Total Bldg SF/ 69250 Column Enclosures 126 EA 395.00 $49,770.00 # of columns9250 Gyp Ceilings @ Restrooms 800 SF 5.00 $4,000.009250 Gyp Ceilings @ Auditorium 3200 SF 15.00 $48,000.00
Curved Glass Curved Glass WallWall
$ 80/sf$ 80/sf
Finishes $276,950.00
Floor Coverings9650 Standard Raised Floor system 30000 SF 5.50 $165,000.00 General Office Access Floors(ConCore 1000lb loads)
Painting / Wall Covering9900 Paint Walls 10000 SF 0.50 $5,000.00 Total Bldg SF/ 39900 Paint Ceilings 21000 SF 0.60 $6,000.00 70% of total building9900 Paint HM Doors 25 EA 100.00 $2,500.00 # of doors9900 Paint SGL HM Door Frames 25 EA 50.00 $1,250.00 # of doors9900 Fabric Wall Panels @ Auditorium 3888 SF 25.00 $97,200.00 perimeter*12'
Building Specialties $103,960.00
10520 Fire Extinguishers 12 EA 175.00 $2,100.00 4 per floor
Toilet Partitions / Accessories10150 Painted Metal Standard Stalls 4 EA 700.00 $2,800.00 2 per floor10150 Painted Metal - HC Stalls 4 EA 765.00 $3,060.00 2 per floor10150 Accessory Allowance 4 EA 1,500.00 $6,000.00 4 per floor
Conveying Systems14200 Passenger Elevator - Hydraulic 3 STPS 30,000.00 $90,000.00 1 stop per floor per elevator
MEP $1,285,500.00
Sprinklers 30000 SF 3.50 $105,000.00 Total Blg SF15060 Process And Utility Piping 30000 SF 6.00 $180,000.00 Total Blg SF15400 Plumbing 30000 SF 4.00 $120,000.00 Total Blg SF15500 HVAC 30000 SF 12.00 $360,000.00 Total Blg SF16050 Eletrical 30000 SF 7.00 $210,000.00 Total Blg SF16720 Security 30000 SF 1.20 $36,000.00 Total Blg SF16725 Data Communication 30000 SF 1.50 $45,000.00 Total Blg SF16930 Building Automation / Control 30000 SF 2.00 $60,000.00 Total Blg SF
Central Plant Allowance 30000 SF 5.65 $169,500.00 Total Blg SF
Sub-total $3,308,042.40Contigiencies(10%) $330,804.24General conditions(8%) $264,643.39Fee(5%) $165,402.12Excess Liabalility(0.67%) $22,163.88
Total $4,091,056.04
COST ESTIMATIONCOST ESTIMATION
MEP SystemsMEP Systems $ 1,285,500$ 1,285,500
$ 4,091,068.04$ 4,091,068.04
COST COMPARISONS COST COMPARISONS
Contingencies(10%) General conditions(8%) Fee(4-6%) Excess Liabalility (0.67%)
Cost estimation: Cost estimation: $4,285,516.40$4,285,516.40
Sitework $50,170.00Foundations $66,374.40Superstructure $553,977.17Exterior Façade $576,331.00Interiors $205,270.00Finishes 276,950.00$ Building Specialties $103,960.00MEP $1,660,500.00
16%
16%
6%8%3%
1%2%
48%
Sitework Foundations Superstructure
Exterior Façade Interiors Finishes
Building Specialties MEP
Winter
Sitework $122,500.00Foundations $66,374.40Superstructure $716,455.00Exterior Façade $531,033.00Interiors $205,270.00Finishes 276,950.00$ Building Specialties $103,960.00MEP $1,285,500.00
Cost estimation: Cost estimation: $4,091,056.04$4,091,056.04
22%
16%6%8%3%
4% 2%
39%
Sitework Foundations Superstructure
Exterior Façade Interiors Finishes
Building Specialties MEP
Spring
COST COMPARISONS (MEANS)COST COMPARISONS (MEANS)
GENERAL CONDITIONS (Overhead & Profit): 25%
ARCHITECTURAL FEES: 7%
Cost estimation: Cost estimation: $$4,064,100.004,064,100.00 Cost estimation: Cost estimation: $4,091,056.04$4,091,056.04
Contingencies(10%) General conditions(8%) Fee(4-6%) Excess Liabalility (0.67%)
22%
16%6%8%3%
4% 2%
39%
Sitework Foundations Superstructure
Exterior Façade Interiors Finishes
Building Specialties MEP
Spring4.4%
23.3%
22.4%
50.0%
Substructure Superstructure
Interiors Services
Means
WORK PROCESS - COLUMNSWORK PROCESS - COLUMNS
A proposes floor plan
E suggests alternative
C gave input to have column continous.
E suggests alternative
REVIEW OF TEAM GOALSREVIEW OF TEAM GOALS
Action Items for Next Phase
Ask more questionsCloser Collaboration
Action Items for Next Phase
Ask more questionsCloser Collaboration
GOALS FROM WINTERPRESENTATION:
•More efficient meetings.
•Worked closer between disiplines.
•Tried to understand the needs across disiplines.
•Stronger team responsibility
LEARNING EXPERIENCE
A• Team
collaboration• Designing in
conjunction with engineers and construction managers
C• Appreciating the
difficulty of building something in real life
• First hand experience with the importance of keeping the schedule
E• Working with
earthquakes• Same problems
and new solutions. (Europe vs USA).
App• Structural
dynamics• 3D modelling
AEC• Overcoming cultural differences in
construction industry• Exploring front edge technology
THANK YOU
Mentors
Ralph Lotito Dan GonzalesHenry TooryaniJames E. BartoneDavid ParznigoniBob TatumBoyd Paulson
Industry
Tom Giarruso (W.L.Butler, Inc)Jim Hawk (Rosendin Electric, Inc)Steve Gustafson (CMI, Inc)Scott Sullivan (Royal Glass)Sammy Salamon (KDS Plumbing)Dr. Greg Luth (KL&A)