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Termite Report 2008
Prepared by: Tim Myles, Ph.D. Termite Control Officer
Community Design and Development Services,
Building Services, City of Guelph
April, 2009
i
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Guelph‟s Termite Management Areas. Guelph has three Termite Management Areas
encompassing nearly 900 properties on 50 blocks. Red Zone blocks have known termite
infestations while Blue Zone blocks are buffer areas.
Termite Management Progress. In 2008 important progress was made in gaining a better
understanding of the distribution and intensity of termite active areas. Area-wide
suppressive treatments utilized nematodes as a bio-control agent. As well, termite-
specific strains of a pathogenic fungus were isolated, thus providing a second level of
bio-control treatment for the coming season. Much progress was also made with habitat
elimination through yard wood cleanup weekends. Progress in pole management was
made with Guelph Hydro and Bell Canada. Accumulating evidence of persistent
inactivity in several areas should allow us to begin reclassifying some inactive areas and
start shrinking some Termite Management Areas by the end of 2009.
Termite Activity in Red Zone Blocks. An array of 3,000 monitoring traps is installed in
the Red Zone blocks. Traps were inspected by two seasonal staff seven times during the
2008 season from May through October. Termites were discovered in Sector 12 in July,
thus converting from a Blue to a Red Zone block. Of the 20 Red Zone blocks, six blocks
had no detectable trap activity and another six blocks had fewer than 10,000 termites
trapped. Of the remaining eight blocks, five had moderate termite populations in the
range of 15,000 to 38,000 termites trapped, and three blocks had large populations in
excess of 100,000 termites trapped. The total number of termites trapped during the 2008
season was 705,261. Most of the blocks that were previously treated using the Trap-
Treat-Release method during the period from 1999-2001 remain inactive or strongly
suppressed. Current activity in the Woolwich Termite Management Area is mostly in the
blocks north of Tiffany St. The Windermere Management Area remains eradicated over
most of the formerly infested area, with activity found on only one property. The Emma-
Pine Management Area, discovered in 2007, remains quite active.
Approved Mulches. Laboratory tests were conducted to evaluate termite feeding
preferences on a variety of mulch products. Only those mulches which are not consumed
were approved for use. This information was disseminated to termite area residents, local
landscaping and nursery companies, and posted on the City‟s web site.
Yard Wood Cleanup Weekends. Three yard wood cleanup weekends were organized.
The first was held in the area north of Tiffany from August 1-6 and resulted in the
removal of 18 bins and about 30.25 tonnes of yard wood. The second cleanup weekend
was for the south of Tiffany area, with removal of 13 bins and about 26.5 tonnes of yard
wood. The third cleanup weekend was held in the Windermere area, with removal of 4
bins and about 5.5 tonnes of yard wood. A total of 35 bins and 62.25 tonnes of yard wood
were removed, thus greatly reducing the nesting and feeding habitat available for termite
survival and expansion. More targeted cleanups are planned in 2009.
Field Treatments with Entomopathogenic Nematodes. Entomopathogenic nematodes
(parasitic roundworms) were used for area-wide bio-control treatments aimed at termite
ii
population suppression. A commercial preparation of Heterorhabditis bacteriophora was
selected for field treatments. Residents of 129 properties with active traps or near active
traps were contacted and asked to sign a consent form for nematode treatment. Nematode
treatments were conducted from September through October on 98 properties. Ongoing
spring and fall treatments with nematodes are planned in 2009.
Entomopathogenic Fungus Isolated. In 2008, we successfully isolated, from local
termites, two strains of the insect-specific fungus, Metarhizium anisopliae, the causative
agent of green muscardine disease. This will allow us to utilize an additional, safe and
environmental, bio-control agent for termite population control. The number of culture
plates has been scaled up in anticipation of field treatments in 2009.
Treatment of Poles, Posts and Retaining Walls. Permanent wood infrastructure includes
telephone poles, hydro poles, fence posts, road guard posts, park posts, and other items.
Working with Bell Canada, the three Bell poles in the Emma-Pine area were replaced and
the new poles were fitted with Termi-Mesh™ stainless steel pole socks. New policies
have been established for Guelph Hydro operations with respect to pole inspections and
management in the termite management areas. During 2008, Guelph Hydro treated poles
on 65 termite management area properties. Further pole treatments are planned in 2009.
Tree and Stump Removals. Six large city trees or stumps have been removed by the
Operations Department, all from the area north of Tiffany St. Four of these were known
to be termite infested. One large city tree stump was removed at the Emma-Pine area. At
least eight other large mature trees or stumps, on private property, most of which were
known or suspected to be termite infested, were removed at the owner‟s expense. A
dozen or so other trees, with superficial shelter tubes, were sprayed.
Real Estate Inspections and Disposal Permits. Indoor termite inspections are required for
real estate transactions of properties in the termite management areas. Forty real estate
inspections were made during 2008. In addition to organized yard wood clean up
weekends, residents in termite management areas are also able to dispose of yard wood
and demolition debris by obtaining a disposal permit. During 2008, 128 disposal permits
were issued.
Grant Proposal. A grant proposal entitled “Area-wide Management and Eradication of
Invasive Subterranean Termite Infestations” was submitted to the Invasive Alien Species
Partnership Program (IASPP) of Environment Canada. The amount requested for
supplies and equipment was $22,398.00. Confirmation of funding support is expected
soon.
Plans for the 2009 Season. This report will be web posted in early May. Seasonal staff
will start work on May 11th
. Annual meetings with residents have been scheduled for
May 20-21. The plan for the 2009 season includes ongoing population monitoring,
suppressive treatments, and habitat elimination. Suppressive treatments with bio-control
agents including nematodes and/or fungal pathogens will continue. As well, Trap-Treat-
Release with an alternative chemical is planned pending experimental permit approval
from the Pest Management Regulatory Agency.
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................ i
LIST OF TABLES .............................................................................................................. vi
LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................... vii
LIST OF APPENDICES ...................................................................................................... ix
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1. HISTORY OF TERMITE EXPANSION IN GUELPH ...................................................1
1.2. HISTORY OF TERMITE MANAGEMENT IN GUELPH ............................................1
2.0. MATERIALS AND METHODS
2.1. COMPONENTS OF THE TERMITE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM ..............................2
2.2. MONITORING AND TRAPPING ..............................................................................2
2.3. TERMITE HABITAT REDUCTION .........................................................................2
2.3.1. YARD WOOD CLEANUP WEEKENDS ..........................................................2
2.3.2. YARD WOOD DISPOSAL PERMITS ..............................................................2
2.3.3. TREE AND STUMP REMOVALS ....................................................................3
2.3.4. UTILITY POLE MANAGEMENT ...................................................................3
2.3.5. TERMITE WARNING SIGNS .........................................................................3
2.3.6. MULCH FEEDING PREFERENCE STUDY .....................................................3
2.4. POPULATION SUPPRESSION .................................................................................3
2.4.1. POPULATION SUPPRESSION BY REDUCTION TRAPPING ............................3
2.4.2. EVALUATION OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES ..............................3
2.4.3. FIELD TREATMENTS WITH ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODES ..............3
2.4.4. INVESTIGATIONS OF OTHER POTENTIAL BIOCONTROL AGENTS .............4
2.5. CHEMICAL TREATMENTS ....................................................................................4
iv
2.5.1. SOIL TERMITICIDES ....................................................................................4
2.5.2. CRACK & CREVICE SPRAY .........................................................................4
2.5.3. WOOD PRESERVATIVES .............................................................................4
2.6. INSPECTIONS ........................................................................................................5
2.7. COMMUNICATIONS ..............................................................................................5
3.0. RESULTS & DISCUSSION
3.1. PATTERN OF BLOCK ACTIVITY ...........................................................................6
3.2. TERMITE HABITAT REDUCTION .........................................................................6
3.2.1. YARD WOOD CLEANUP WEEKENDS ..........................................................6
3.2.2. TREE & STUMP REMOVALS .......................................................................6
3.2.3. TREATMENT OF POLES, POSTS & RETAINING WALLS ..............................6
3.2.4. UTILITY POLE TREATMENTS .....................................................................7
3.2.5. APPROVED MULCHES .................................................................................7
3.3. POPULATION SUPPRESSION .................................................................................7
3.3.1. REDUCTIVE TRAPPING ...............................................................................7
3.3.2. ENTOMOPATHOGENIC NEMATODE TREATMENTS.....................................7
3.3.3. ISOLATION AND CULTURE OF ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGI ....................8
3.4. COMMUNICATIONS ..............................................................................................8
3.4.1. MAILINGS ...................................................................................................8
3.4.2. MEDIA COVERAGE & NEWSPAPER NOTICE ..............................................8
3.4.3. TERMITE WEB SITE ....................................................................................8
3.4.4. INSPECTIONS AND FIELD REPORTS ............................................................9
3.4.5. INSECT IDENTIFICATIONS ...........................................................................9
3.4.6. GRANT PROPOSAL ......................................................................................9
v
4.0. REFERENCES ...................................................................................................9
5.0. TABLES ...........................................................................................................10
8.0. FIGURES .........................................................................................................19
9.0. APPENDICES .................................................................................................52
vi
LIST OF TABLES
Table 1. Extent of Guelph‟s Three Termite Management Areas. ..........................................10
Table 2. Summary of Property and Trap Activity in Red Zone Blocks (1998-2008). ..........11
Table 3. Nematode Treatments in 2008. ...............................................................................12
Table 4. Guelph Hydro Pole Treatments in 2008.. ................................................................16
Table 5. Approved Mulches and Soil Amendments. .............................................................18
vii
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1. History of Termite Expansion in Guelph ...........................................................19
Figure 2. Termite Management Areas.. .............................................................................20
Figure 3. Sector Numbers for Woolwich Area. .................................................................21
Figure 4. Sector Numbers of Windermere Area.. ..............................................................22
Figure 5. Sector Numbers of Emma-Pine Area. ................................................................23
Figure 6. Areas of Identified Termite Activity in 2008. ....................................................24
Figure 7. Termites Trapped by Sector and Year. ...............................................................25
Figure 8. Trap Locations and Observed Termite Activity in Sector 2 in 2008 .................26
Figure 9. Trap Locations and Observed Termite Activity in Sector 7 in 2008. ................27
Figure 10. Trap Locations and Observed Termite Activity in Sector 8 in 2008. ..............28
Figure 11. Trap Locations and Observed Termite Activity in Sector 12 in 2008. ............29
Figure 12. Trap Locations and Observed Termite Activity in Sector 15 in 2008. ............30
Figure 13. Trap Locations and Observed Termite Activity in Sector 16 in 2008. ............31
Figure 14. Trap Locations and Observed Termite Activity in Sector 19 in 2008. ............32
Figure 15. Trap Locations and Observed Termite Activity in Sector 20 in 2008. ............33
Figure 16. Trap Locations and Observed Termite Activity in Sector 21 in 2008. ............34
Figure 17. Trap Locations and Observed Termite Activity in Sector 22 in 2008. ............35
Figure 18. Trap Locations and Observed Termite Activity in Sector 23 in 2008. ............36
Figure 19. Trap Locations and Observed Termite Activity in Sector 24 in 2008. ............37
Figure 20. Trap Locations and Observed Termite Activity in Sector 25 in 2008. ............38
Figure 21. Trap Locations and Observed Termite Activity in Sector 27 in 2008. ............39
Figure 22. Trap Locations and Observed Termite Activity in Sector 30 in 2008. ............40
Figure 23. Trap Locations and Observed Termite Activity in Sector 36 in 2008. ............41
viii
Figure 24. Trap Locations and Observed Termite Activity in Sector 37 in 2008. ............42
Figure 25. Trap Locations and Observed Termite Activity in Sector 41 in 2008. ............43
Figure 26. New Trap Installations in Sector 43, 44, 45, and 46 in 2008. ..........................44
Figure 27. Trap Locations and Observed Termite Activity in Sector 42 in 2008. ............45
Figure 28. Trap Locations and Observed Termite Activity in Sector 47 in 2008. ............46
Figure 29. Yard Wood Management in Sector 47 in 2008. ...............................................47
Figure 30. Nematode Treatment Areas. .............................................................................48
Figure 31. Summary of Nematode Treatments in Sectors 1-41 in 2008. ..........................49
Figure 32. Tree and Stump Removals and Sign Placements in 2008. ...............................50
Figure 33. Termite Warning Sign. .....................................................................................51
ix
LIST OF APPENDICES
Media
1) March 19, 2008: City’s Terminator..., Mercury, p. A3. ............................................52
2) March 20, 2008: Keeping Termites in Check, Mercury, p. A12. ..............................53
3) April 11, 2008: Risk of Termites, Tribune, p. 11. .....................................................54
4) July 18, 2008: Targeting Termite Zones, Mercury, p. A4. .......................................55
5) August 2, 2008: War on Termites, Mercury, p. A2. .................................................56
6) September 17, 2008: Bugging Out Over Termites, Mercury, p. A3. ........................57
Communications
7) February 27, 2008: Update on Termite Situation, to residents. ................................58
8) March, 2008: Important Notice to All Guelph Area Real Estate Agents. .................59
9) March, 2008: General Information on Termites in Guelph. .....................................60
10) April 23, 2008: Termite Infested Poles, to Bell Canada. . ........................................61
11) June, 2008: Important Notice to All Guelph Area Landscaping Companies. ...........62
12) July 7, 2008: Yard Wood Clean Up, to residents North of Tiffany St. .....................63
13) July 7, 2008: Yard Wood Clean Up, to residents South of Tiffany St. .....................65
14) July 11, 2008: Termite Management Plan for Windermere-Inverness, residents.....67
15) July 11, 2008: Discovery of new termite infestation, to residents. ...........................70
16) July 21, 2008: Termite Project Update, Emma-Pine residents. ...............................72
17) August 12, 2008: Clarification of Termite Management Plan,
Windermere residents . ..............................................................................................74
18) September 10, 2008: Termite Control Treatments with Nematodes, residents. ........75
19) April 16, 2009: Policies for pole management and for disposal of excavated soil
and used poles from Termite Management Areas. Guelph Hydro. ..........................77
x
Technical
20) Termite Survival on Various Types of Mulch. ...........................................................79
21) IASPP Grant Proposal—Area-wide Management and Eradication of Invasive
Subterranean Termite Infestations. ............................................................................87
1
1.0. INTRODUCTION
1.1. HISTORY OF TERMITE EXPANSION IN GUELPH
The history of termite expansion and management in Guelph was thoroughly reviewed in
last year‟s annual report (Myles, 2008). The expansion of infested blocks is depicted in
Figure 1. The designation of Termite Management Areas, and Red and Blue Zones is
shown in Figure 2. Sector numbers and shown in Figures 3, 4, and 5. In 2008, termites
were discovered on one additional block, Sector 12, as depicted in Figures 2, 3, and 11.
This expansion was in an area which had previously been a designated Blue Zone block
located between two Red Zone areas, and therefore was not particularly surprising. This
raised the number of Red Zone blocks to 20 and lowered the number of Blue Zone blocks
to 27 (Table 1). The low number of active traps and termites trapped suggests that the
termite population on this block is probably quite low at this time, although first year
trapping numbers tend to be low.
1.2. HISTORY OF TERMITE MANAGEMENT IN GUELPH
The history of prior termite management in Guelph was also reviewed in last year‟s
annual report. To recap, from the mid 1970s to 1990 Guelph participated in the
provincially funded grants program which partially covered chemical treatment costs for
conventional soil termiticide treatment of infested homes. Although this gave some
degree of individual structural protection, it failed to suppress the termite populations or
prevent their spread. In 1998 the City contracted the Urban Entomology Program
(University of Toronto) to conduct an area wide survey and termites were found on 12
blocks. From 1999 to 2001 an area-wide control program using an experimental method
called Trap-Treat-Release resulted in the strong suppression or apparent eradication of
termites on most of the 12 blocks plus the Windermere area, which was discovered in
2000. After 2001, spotty activity continued on a few blocks, and new termite activity was
discovered on a number of blocks, especially north of Tiffany St. A one year baiting
project on in 2005 had little impact. In 2007, the City hired Tim Myles, who was
previously Director of the Urban Entomology Program at the University of Toronto, as a
full time Termite Control Officer with a mandate to develop a comprehensive control
project aimed at containment, suppression and eradication of termites on a city-wide
basis.
The year 2007 was devoted to installing a new trap array, and during that year termites
were discovered on two new blocks, including the new Emma-Pine Area. In 2008,
significant progress was made in termite habitat reduction through clean up weekends,
tree and stump removals. As well, in 2008, renewed efforts were made to identify new
control agents for area-wide treatments. Efforts to identify more effective bio-control
agents, included studies on several mites, nematodes and fungus species associated with
termites. Of these, the most promising, appeared to be entomopathogenic nematodes,
which were lab tested and subsequently applied on an area-wide basis. In addition, two
strains of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae, were isolated in pure
2
culture. In addition, disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (DOT) and zinc borate (ZB) were
identified as suitable new actives for Trap-Treat-Release.
2.0. MATERIALS AND METHODS
2. 1. COMPONENTS OF THE TERMITE MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
Components of the termite management program included trapping and monitoring,
termite habitat reduction through various types of yard wood management, and termite
population suppressive treatments. In addition, numerous steps were taken to integrate
the program with the operations of other City departments. Such integration included
building permit approvals and inspections through Building Services, landscape permit
planning and approvals through Planning, tree and stump removals by the Operations
Department, yard wood disposal with Waste Management, road construction projects
with Engineering, and soil excavation and disposal with Waterworks. New pole
management protocols were developed with Guelph Hydro and Bell Canada. In addition,
progress was made in announcing the program with Guelph area real estate agents
through the Guelph Real Estate Board, and coordinating inspections for real estate
transactions. A mailing was also done to local nursery and tree service companies
informing them of approved mulches and disposal policies. The program has also been
communicated in the newsprint media, on television, in numerous mailings to area
residents, through annual reports, and other materials posted on the City‟s termite web
page at www.guelph.ca > quick links > termites.
2.2. MONITORING AND TRAPPING
The array of nearly 3,000 monitoring traps that was installed in 2007 was refurbished
with fresh cardboard rolls and marked with new green bamboo marking sticks from May
through June, 2008 (Table 1, Figures 8-29). Additional traps were installed in Sector 12
after termites were discovered there in July (Figure 11). New traps were also installed in
the Blue Zone of the Windermere area (Figure 26). Traps were checked on a 3-4 week
cycle. Most traps were checked 6 or 7 times during the trapping season from May
through October during 2008.
2.3. TERMITE HABITAT REDUCTION
2.3.1. Yard Wood Cleanup Weekends. Following the successful demonstration of the
first Yard Wood Cleanup Weekend, which was held in the Emma-Pine Area in October
of 2007, three Yard Wood Cleanup Weekends were scheduled during the 2008 season
(Appendices 12, 13, 14). The first was held in the Woolwich Management area north of
Tiffany St. from August 1-6. The second clean up weekend was for the south of Tiffany
St. area from August 22-25. The third clean up weekend was held in the Windermere
area, from September 5-8.
2.3.2. Yard Wood Disposal Permits. Under the program, residents in Termite
Management Areas are required to disposal of all yard wood and building rubble at the
3
Waste Resource Innovation Centre. Residents must first call to arrange for a „field
inspection‟ of the material to be disposed and then a „disposal permit‟ is issued which
provides a waiver of tipping fees on the first 250 kg per load. Generally, disposal permits
are good for one week from the date of issue. The amount in excess of 250 kg is charged
at the normal tipping fee rate of $70.00/ tonne.
2.3.3. Tree and Stump Removals. Under the program, termite infested city trees and
stump are removals by the City‟s Operations Department. The costs of removal and
disposal of infested trees on private property are the responsibility of private owners.
2.3.4. Utility Pole Management. TermiMesh is a marine grade stainless steel physical
barrier that can be fabricated into pole sock to protect the base of wood poles in the
ground. In 2008 TermiMesh pole socks were fabricated and fitted to three new
replacement Bell Canada poles in the Emma-Pine termite management area. Impel borate
rods may be used to treat poles, post or fence posts in service. Borate wraps are another
approach to pole treatment. During 2008, discussions with Guelph Hydro established new
pole inspection and management protocols in the termite management areas (Appendix
19).
2.3.5. Posting of Termite Warning Signs. At one of last year‟s public meetings it was
suggested that signs should be posted in certain areas to raise public awareness and to
prevent the spread of termites. Thus a termite warning sign was designed and fabricated.
Six such signs have been posted in areas where it is hoped to limit the dumping or
removal of termite infested material (Figures 32 and 33).
2.3.6. Mulch Feeding Preference Studies. Lab studies were carried out to evaluate termite
feeding preferences on various mulch products to identify mulches satisfactory for use in
termite management areas (Appendix 20).
2.4. POPULATION SUPPRESSION
2.4.1. Population Suppression by Reductive Trapping. Monitoring traps were checked on
approximately a 3-4 week cycle. Infested cardboard rolls were retrieved from traps and
replaced with new rolls. Infested rolls are taken to the termite lab at Riverside Park where
the termites are extracted and weighed to determine the number collected. The number of
active traps and number of termites trapped were recorded daily.
2.4.2. Evaluation of Commercial Entomopathogenic Nematodes. Three species of
commercially available entomopathogenic nematodes were evaluated in lab tests for
control of termites: Capsanem® (Steinernema carpocapsae), Entonem® (Steinernema
feltiae), and Terranem ® (Heterorhabditis bacteriophora), all products of Koppert
Biological Systems.
2.4.3. Field Treatments with Entomopathogenic Nematodes. The commercial preparation,
Terranem® (Heterorhabditis bacteriophora) was selected for field application.
Residents of 129 properties with active traps or near properties with active traps were
4
contacted and asked to sign a consent form for nematode treatment. Nematode treatments
were conducted from September through October on the 98 properties that returned
consent forms. Application rates were generally 100,000 per property but ranged up to
200,000 infective juveniles per property, depending on property size and termite activity.
Nematodes were applied by watering can in the vicinity of active traps and other areas of
suspected termite activity near stumps, large trees and garden margins. Nematodes were
generally not applied to lawns.
2.4.4. Investigations of Other Potential Bio-control Agents. Several species of naturally
occurring and apparently termite parasitic nematodes were isolated from termite cultures
and identified. In addition, two strains of the entomopathogenic fungus, Metarhizium
anisopliae, designated Guelph-RF-08a (with green conidiospores), and Guelph-RF-08b
(with dark greenish brown conidiospores), were isolated from termite cultures and
cultured on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA).
2.5. CHEMICAL TREATMENTS
2.5.1. Soil Termiticides. Registered chemical actives for termite control in the US and
Canada were reviewed in last year‟s report (Appendix 19 & 20). The only soil termiticide
registered in Ontario is permethrin (Dragnet®) (PMRA, 2007a). Permethrin soil
termiticide may be used for pre-construction treatment, preventive, or remedial treatment
of the soil beneath the foundation and around the footings of a structure. Soil termiticide
applications provide a long lasting toxic barrier in the soil which kills any termites in the
treated soil and repels termites from accessing the treated structure. Soil termiticide may
also be used for treatment of soil at the base of sheds, retaining walls and trees. Soil
termiticides may only be applied by licensed operators. The two companies operating in
the Guelph area are Orkin (519-623-5752) and Tepeco (519-653-0441), both located in
Cambridge.
2.5.2. Crack & Crevice Spray. There is only one do-it-yourself spray product that
residents may purchase for treating termites in Ontario. This product is Konk 400® with
Baygon (propoxur) (PMRA, 2007b). This is a crack and crevice treatment product for
direct application to termite infested wood or foundation cracks and crevices where
termites may be entering a structure. This product can only be recommended where the
point of entry and the extent of termite workings in a structure have been exposed and
traced out. This product would not provide adequate treatment in the case of more
extensive structural infestations. This product is available locally at the TSC Store at
Woodlawn and Silvercreek.
2.5.3. Wood Preservatives. Wood preservatives deter wood rotting fungi and wood-
feeding or burrowing insects. Heavy duty preservatives such as creosote and
pentachlorophenol are used for the treatment of the bases of utility poles and rail ties. The
most widely available treated wood, known as „pressure treated‟ is green in color and
treated with copper based formulations. Alkaline Copper Quaternary (ACQ) has
generally replaced Chromated Copper Arsenate (CCA) (EPA, 2008). However, many
instances of termite infestation of untreated cores of pressure treated wood have been
5
observed in Guelph termite management areas. Therefore pressure treated wood is not
recommended for in-ground use in Guelph termite management areas. Under the Ontario
Building Code, in termite infested areas, outdoor wood elements must be supported on
concrete piers at least 5⅞ inches in height, and any wood element extending from 5⅞
inches to 17¾ inches must be pressure treated. Cut ends of pressure treated lumber must
be treated with end cut preservatives (copper naphthenate in ground contact or zinc
naphthenate above ground) (PMRA, 2006a). Borate wood preservatives may be used for
indoor construction, where the wood will not be exposed to moisture. The primary active
ingredient for borate treated wood is disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (DOT). Borate
pretreated wood is available as BluWood®. Remedial or preventive treatment of indoor
wood may be done by licensed operators using TimBor Professional ® (containing DOT)
(PMRA, 2007c). Remedial treatment of outdoor infested wood posts or retaining walls
may be done with Impel ® boron rods by licensed operators.
2.6. INSPECTIONS
Various types of inspections are performed as part of the termite control program by the
termite control officer. The most important inspections are for sale of property, prior to
closing real estate transactions. These inspections must be requested by the owner or
seller‟s agent. The termite inspection reports should be requested by the prospective
purchaser or purchaser‟s agent. The most common type of inspection are field inspections
for material disposal. Residents should arrange these whenever disposing yard waste,
debris, or building rubble. Yard and indoor inspections are also performed on any areas
of newly discovered infestation. From time to time, inspections are arranged with
residents to confirm inactivity in certain areas. Inspections may also be requested to
evaluate the extent of damage and recommend control measures. Inspections are also
performed during removal of trees to determine whether or how much of the tree must be
disposed at the landfill, or how much may be salvaged and disposed elsewhere or used as
firewood. Inspections are done during soil termiticide treatments, and when treatments
are prescribed for pre-construction treatment in a building permit. Inspections are done
for demolitions, or for new construction or additions such as decks, porches in termite
management areas. Courtesy inspections are also performed inside or outside termite
management areas to examine any questionable structural damage and identify any
suspect insects. Inspections are also conducted in conjunction with City road work
projects that border on termite management areas. Adjacent trees are inspected for
evidence of termite shelter tubes, and the sub-surfaces under asphalt and sidewalks are
inspected to ensure that there is no evidence of termite tunnelling or nesting, before
asphalt and concrete are cleared for disposal.
2.7. COMMUNICATIONS
In 2008 various efforts were made to extend communications about the termite program
to residents and to improve the integration of termite program with various other City
departments. A one-page General Information Sheet on the termite program was
developed. Various memoranda were written up clarifying operating procedures with
other departments. Website content was expanded to include new information about the
6
program as well as photos and movies of termites to assist residents in termite
identification. Communications with residents, Bell Canada, Guelph Hydro, Guelph Real
Estate Board, Guelph Waterworks, landscaping companies, and newspapers are included
in the Appendix.
3.0. RESULTS & DISCUSSION
3.1. PATTERN OF BLOCK ACTIVITY
Of the 20 Red Zone blocks, there were seven blocks with no detectable trap activity and
another five blocks had fewer than 10,000 termites trapped. Of the remaining eight
blocks, five had moderate termite populations in the range from 15,000 to 38,000 termites
trapped, and three blocks had large populations in excess of 100,000 termites trapped.
The total number of termites trapped during the 2008 season was 705,260 (Table 2). Most
of the blocks that were previously treated using the Trap-Treat-Release method during
the period from 1999-2001 remain inactive or strongly suppressed. Current activity is in
the main termite management area is mostly in the blocks north of Tiffany St. Of the
other two management areas, the Emma-Pine Management area remains very active,
while the Windermere-Inverness Area remains eradicated over most of the former area of
infestation with only a very small pocket of activity found on one property.
3.2. TERMITE HABITAT REDUCTION
3.2.1. Yard Wood Clean Up Weekends. Three yard wood cleanup weekends were
organized. The first was held in the area north of Tiffany from August 1-6 and resulted in
the removal of 18 bins and about 30.25 tonnes of yard wood. The second clean up
weekend was for the south of Tiffany area, with removal of 13 bins and about 26.5 tonnes
of yard wood. The third clean up weekend was held in the Windermere area, with
removal of 4 bins and about 5.5 tonnes of yard wood. A total of 35 bins and 62.25 tonnes
of yard wood were removed, thus greatly reducing the feeding, nesting, and expansion
habitat available of termites.
3.2.2. Tree and Stump Removals and Surface Treatment of Trees. Six city trees or stumps
have been removed by the Operations Department all from the north of Tiffany area.
Four of these were known to be termite infested. One large stump of a city tree was
removed under contract at Emma-Pine. At least eight other large mature trees or stumps,
on private property, most of which were known or suspected of being termite infested
were removed at owners expense. A dozen or so other trees with superficial shelter tubes
were sprayed.
3.2.3. Treatment of Poles, Posts and Retaining Walls. Permanent wood infrastructure
includes telephone poles, hydro poles, fence posts, road guard posts, park posts, and
miscellaneous other items. Where residents possess the financial means, it has been
recommended that retaining walls or dilapidated wood fences be removed, and many
residents have voluntarily compiled. However, the remaining in-ground wood
infrastructure remains a concern as potential termite habitat. Neither creosote treatment
7
nor pressure treatment of wood seems entirely adequate as both types of wood in service
have been found with termite damage. In the Emma-Pine Management area, three old
telephone poles were identified with termite shelter tubes. Bell Canada was consulted
regarding how best to manage this situation. It was decided to replace the poles and refit
new poles with specially fabricated TermiMesh stainless pole socks. This process was
complicated and somewhat costly. The City and Bell split the costs. TermiMesh pole
socks are not a financially sustainable approach in the long term.
3.2.4. Utility Pole Treatments. Hydro poles are among the in-ground wood infra-structure
that require preventive management. Fortunately, several levels of protection are already
in place due to ongoing Guelph Hydro pole management (John Saunders, personal
communication). Firstly, Guelph Hydro has been using poles of naturally resistant woods,
primarily, western red cedar and Douglas fir. Secondly, poles butts since 1992 have been
treated with pentachlorophenol. Thirdly, their pole testing program is set up on a four
year cycle that tests one third of the city each of the first three years and on the fourth
year test the whole city for poles recommended for retest. The Guelph Hydro pole testing
program started off testing poles that were twenty years or older and has since been
expanded to all poles in the Termite Management Areas. In addition to testing, Guelph
Hydro has started treating all poles in the termite zones with boron rods and in 2009 will
expand this treatment program to poles with center rot or carpenter ants. A new aspect of
the program will be small pole tags at eye level indicating danger poles, boron rods or
pole treatment. In March, 2009, new policies for pole management and for disposal of
excavated soil and used poles were established with Guelph Hydro to cover their
operations in the Termite Management Areas (Appendix 19). A total of 65 poles in the
termite management areas were treated either with boron rods or borate wraps by Guelph
Hydro in 2008 (Table 4).
3.2.5. Approved Mulches. Laboratory tests on termite feeding preference on a variety of
mulch products were conducted. These studies enabled us to draw up a list of approved
and unapproved mulches. Approved mulches include all non-organic mulches such as
decorative stone and Rubberific mulch; as well as organics such as cocoa bean mulch,
coconut husk, and pine bark nuggets. This information was disseminated to termite area
residents and local landscaping and nursery companies. This information was also made
available on the City‟s termite web site.
3.3. POPULATION SUPPRESSION
3.3.1. Reductive Trapping. A total of 705,261 termites were trapped from the termite
management areas during 2008 (Table 2). As expected, this was a sharp increase over
2007, which was only a partial season with the traps installed in mid-season of a dry year.
Since no Trap-Treat-Release was performed in 2008, the trapped termites were not
returned to the field. Thus their removal constitutes a partial reduction of the field
population.
3.3.2. Lab Evaluation and Field Treatments with Entomopathogenic Nematodes.
Laboratory tests of three commercial species of entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs)
8
were conducted to determine the most appropriate species for termite control. All species
caused significant termite mortality. Relative efficacy was determined as follows:
Heterorhabditis bacteriophora > Steinernema carpocapsae > Steinernema feltiae.
Properties with active traps or near active traps were contacted and asked to sign a
consent form for nematode treatment. Nematode treatments were conducted from
September through October. This was too late in the year to evaluate a population
decline, which may become measureable by the end of the 2009 season.
3.3.3. Isolation and Culture of Entomopathogenic Fungi. Two species of fungi are of
interest as potential termite-specific pathogens, Antennopsis gallica and Metarhizium
anisopliae. The epiparasitic fungus, Antennopsis gallica, is normally present at very low
infection levels but has been shown to be lethal at high infection loads. This fungus was
found to be of common occurrence on termites in Guelph.
Two strains of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizum anisopliae were isolated from
termite collected in Guelph. Metarhizium anisopliae was been used to control many
insect pests (PMRA, 2006a) and was registered in the United States for termite control, in
a product called BioBlast. The two Guelph strains have been maintained in culture on
Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) plates. Both strains produce adequate quantities of conidia
(spores). At two months after inoculation, the lighter green strain grows slightly more
slowly, producing on average about 571.5 mg (wet weight) conidia while the dark green
strain produces about 635 mg of conidia within a two month period. With over 100 plates
in culture, sufficient conidia have now been produced for treatment needs during 2009.
Thus, Metarhizium treatments, in addition to the nematode treatments, may provide a
second level of area-wide bio-control for the 2009 season, provided that the appropriate
federal experimental research permits can be obtained from the Pest Management
Regulatory Agency of Health Canada.
3.4. COMMUNICATIONS
3.4.1. Mailings. Several mailings went to residents of the three termite management
areas (Appendices 7, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18). Other letters and notices were sent to
Guelph Real Estate agents (Appendix 8), Bell Canada (Appendix 10), Guelph and area
landscaping companies (Appendix 11), and Guelph Hydro (Appendix 19).
3.4.2. Media Coverage and Newspaper Notice. Several newspaper articles reported on the
termite program‟s progress (Appendices 1,2 & 4-6). A notice was placed in the Guelph
Tribune (Appendix 3) alerting Guelph residents of the possibility of termite infestation
and directing them to further information on the City‟s web site. The hope is that this will
help to raise awareness and thus limit the accidental spread of termites.
3.4.3. Termite Web Site. New materials were posted on the City‟s termite web site at
www.guelph.ca > quick links > termites. An introductory section on general information
about the termite program if followed by reference materials including the 2007 report,
maps of the Termite Management Areas, and termite videos.
9
3.4.4 Inspections and Field Reports. In addition to organized yard wood clean up
weekends, residents in Termite Management Areas are also able to dispose of yard wood,
and demolition debris by obtaining a field report & disposal permit from the termite
control officer. During 2008, 128 field reports were issued. Forty real estate inspections
were made during 2008. Inspections or visits are also conducted on all properties that
have been issued a building permit, for renovations or additions; about 15 such
inspections were done in 2008.
3.4.5. Insect Identifications. Numerous Guelph residents both inside and outside the
termite management areas have called with concerns about suspected termite activity or
other unknown insects. In most cases these have involved wood boring beetles, powder
post beetles, anobiid beetles, bark beetles, dermestid beetles, rove beetles, citronella ants,
carpenter ants, pavement ants, flying ants, mud daubing wasps, or sowbugs. One case
also involved a severe infestation of bed bugs.
3.4.6. Grant Proposal. A grant proposal entitled “Area-wide Management and Eradication
of Invasive Subterranean Termite Infestations” was submitted to the Invasive Alien
Species Partnership Program of Environment Canada (Appendix 21). The amount
requested for supplies and equipment was $22,398.00.
4.0. REFERENCES
Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). 2008. Chromated Copper Arsenate (CCA):
Alternatives to Chromated Copper Arsenate. http://www.epa.gov/ oppad 001/
reregistration/cca/alternativestocca.htm.
Myles, T. G. 2008. Termite Report 2007. Community Design and Development Services,
Building Services, City of Guelph, Ontario, Canada. i-viii. + 103 pp.
Pest Management Regulatory Agency. 2006a. End Cut Preservative.
http://pr-rp.pmra-arla.gc.ca/PR SOL/pr_web.ve1?p _ukid=9459.
Pest Management Regulatory Agency, 2006b. Metarhizium anisopliae strain F52. http://pr-rp.pmra-arla.gc.ca/PR_SOL/pr_web.ve1?p_ukid=16245.
Pest Management Regulatory Agency. 2007a. Dragnet FT Emulsifiable Concentrate
Insecticide. http://pr-rp.pmra-arla.gc.ca/PR_SOL/pr_web.ve1?p_ukid=7485
Pest Management Regulatory Agency, 2007b. Konk® 400 Residual Insecticide Spray
with Baygon® .http://pr-rp.pmra-arla.gc.ca/PR SOL/pr_web. e1?p uk id= 9539.
Pest Management Regulatory Agency. 2007c. Tim-Bor Professional Wood Preservative
/Insect Control. http://pr-rp.pmra-arla.gc.ca/PR_SOL/ pr_web.ve1?p_ukid=9303.
10
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12
Table 3. Nematode Treatments 2008.
Sector Address Request Sent Authorization Treatment Date
1 2 497 Woolwich x x x Oct-08
2 2 14 Clarence x x x Sep-26
3 2 22 Clarence x x x Sep-26
4 2 26 Clarence x x x Sep-17
5 2 30 Clarence x x x Oct-09
6 7 11 Clarence x x x Oct-08
7 7 15 Clarence x x x Sep-17
8 7 21 Clarence x x x Sep-17
9 7 23 Clarence x x x Sep-24
10 7 166 Dufferin x x x Sep-17
11 7 162 Dufferin x x x Sep-17
12 7 160 Dufferin x x x Oct-08
13 7 158 Dufferin x x x Oct-08
14 7 156 Dufferin x x x Sep-17
15 7 154 Dufferin x x x Oct-08
16 7 150 Dufferin x x x Sep-17
17 7 148 Dufferin x x x Oct-08
18 7 30 Clarke x x x Oct-08
19 7 26 Clarke x x x Oct-08
20 7 20 Clarke x x x Oct-09
21 7 457 Woolwich x x x Sep-17
22 7 459 Woolwich x x x Sep-18
23 7 461 Woolwich x x x Sep-18
24 7 463 Woolwich x x x Sep-18
25 7 469 Woolwich x x x Sep-18
26 7 467 Woolwich x
27 7 471 Woolwich x x x Oct-09
28 7 473 Woolwich x x x Sep-17
29 7 483 Woolwich x
30 7 487 Woolwich x x x Sep-18
31 7 489 Woolwich x x x Sep-18
32 8 167 Dufferin x x x Sep-17
33 8 165 Dufferin x x x Sep-26
34 8 161 Dufferin x x x Sep-24
35 8 159 Dufferin x x x Oct-08
36 8 157 Dufferin x
37 8 155 Dufferin x
38 8 153 Dufferin x x x Oct-08
39 8 151 Dufferin x x x Sep-24
40 8 12 George x x x Sep-23
41 8 44 George x
13
Table 3. Nematode Treatments 2008 (continued).
Sector Address Request Sent Authorization Treatment Date
42 12 29 John
43 12 21 John
44 12 15 John
45 12 11 John
46 12 9 John
47 12 125 Dufferin x x Oct-08
48 12 123 Dufferin
49 12 2 Pipe
50 12 12 Pipe
51 12 16 Pipe
52 12 20 Pipe
54 15 19 Powell x x x Sep-25
55 15 21 Powell x x x Sep-23
56 15 116 Dufferin x
57 15 112 Dufferin x x x Sep-24
58 15 110 Dufferin x
59 15 32 Tiffany St. E. x
60 15 28 Tiffany St. E. x x x Oct-03
61 15 22 Tiffany St. E. x x x Sep-23
62 15 16 Tiffany St. E. x
63 15 12 Tiffany St. E. x x x Oct-09
64 15 6 Tiffany St. E. x x x Oct-09
65 15 2 Tiffany St. E. x x x Oct-03
66 15 409 Woolwich x x x Oct-09
67 15 421 Woolwich x x x Sep-23
68 16 21 Pipe x
69 16 19 Pipe x x x Sep-23
70 16 17 Pipe x x x Sep-23
71 16 11 Pipe x x x Sep-23
72 16 115 Dufferin x x x Sep-23
73 16 113 Dufferin x x x Sep-23
74 16 109 Dufferin x x x Oct-08
75 16 105 Dufferin x
76 16 52 Tiffany St. E x x x Sep-25
77 16 56 Tiffany St. E. x x
78 16 58 Tiffany St. E. x
79 16 62 Tiffany St. E. x
80 20 19 Tiffany St. E. x x x Sep-25
81 20 23 Tiffany St. E. x x x Sep-25
82 20 27 Tiffany St. E. x
83 20 31 Tiffany St. E x
84 20 94 Dufferin x
85 21 nr. H Markle Park x Oct-06
14
Table 3. Nematode Treatments 2008 (continued).
Sector Address Request Sent Authorization Treatment Date
86 23 17 Kerr x x x Sep-25
87 23 21 Kerr x x x Sep-25
88 23 82 Dufferin x
89 23 76 Dufferin x x x Sep-25
90 23 70 Dufferin x x x Oct-06
91 23 64 Dufferin x x x Oct-10
92 23 60 Dufferin x x x Oct-10
93 23 58 Dufferin x
94 23 54 Dufferin x
95 23 345 Woolwich x
96 23 341 Woolwich x x x Oct-08
97 23 337 Woolwich x
98 23 295 Woolwich x
99 24 13 Marcon x x x Sep-25
100 24 23 Marcon x x Oct-07
101 24 202 Cardigan x
102 25 15 McTague x x x Oct-07
103 25 7 McTague x x x Oct-08
104 25 328 Woolwich x
105 25 330 Woolwich x
106 25 332 Woolwich x
107 25 336 Woolwich x x x Oct-03
108 25 340 Woolwich x x x Oct-03
109 25 344 Woolwich x x x Oct-03
110 25 348 Woolwich x x x Sep-26
111 25 12 Mont x
112 30 17 Edwin x
113 30 15 Edwin x x x Sep-25
114 30 11 Edwin x x x Sep-26
115 30 14 London Rd. W. x
116 30 16 London Rd. W. x
117 30 18 London Rd. W. x
118 36 Goldie Mill Park x Oct-07
119 37 25/27 London E. x x x Oct-03
120 37 271 Woolwich x
121 37 265 Woolwich x
122 37 259 Woolwich x x x Sep-26
123 37 255 Woolwich x
124 41 nr. Norwich bridge x Oct-07
15
Table 3. Nematode Treatments 2008 (continued).
Sector Address Request Sent Authorization Treatment Date
125 42 5 Windermere Ct. x x x Sep-23
126 42 7 Windermere Ct. x x x Oct-02
127 42 9 Windermere Ct. x x x Oct-02
128 42 11 Windermere Ct. x x x Oct-02
129 42 15 Windermere Ct. x x x Oct-02
130 42 17 Windermere Ct. x x x Oct-02
131 47 126 Emma x x x Sep-30
132 47 128 Emma x x x Sep-17
133 47 130 Emma x x x Sep-30
134 47 132 Emma x x x Sep-30
135 47 134 Emma x x x Sep-30
136 47 136 Emma x x x Sep-30
137 47 6 Pine x x x Sep-29
138 47 8 Pine x x x Sep-17
139 47 10 Pine x x x Sep-29
140 47 12 Pine x x x Sep-29
141 47 14 Pine x x x Sep-29
142 47 16 Pine x x x Sep-29
143 47 271 Metcalfe x x x Sep-30
Total 129 95 98
16
Table 4. Guelph Hydro Pole Treatments In Termite Management Areas in 2008.
No. Sector Address Test Date Treated Treatment
1 00 15 Stull Ave. 05/12/2008 yes boron rods
2 00 559 Woolwich 05/12/2008 yes boron rods
3 0 211 Dufferin St. 05/12/2008 yes boron rods
4 1 18 Verney St. 05/09/2008 yes boron rods
5 2 188 Dufferin St. 05/12/2008 yes boron rods
6 2 23 Earl St. 05/12/2008 yes boron rods
7 2 535 Woolwich 05/12/2008 yes boron rods
8 7 148 Dufferin St. 05/12/2008 yes boron rods
9 7 166 Dufferin 05/12/2008 yes boron rods
10 7 489 Woolwich 05/12/2008 yes boron rods
11 9 24 Clarke St. W. 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
12 9 32 Clarke St. W. 05/12/2008 yes boron rods
13 10 136 Dufferin 05/12/2008 yes boron rods
14 10 15 Clarke St. E. 05/12/2008 yes boron rods
15 13 119 Exhibition St. 05/09/2008 yes boron rods
16 13 68 Powell St. W 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
17 14 30 Powell St. W. 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
18 15 15 Powell St. E. 05/12/2008 yes boron rods
19 18 105 Exhibition St. 05/09/2008 yes boron rods
20 18 11 Cavell Ave. 05/11/2008 yes wrap around
21 18 40 Tiffany St. W. 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
22 18 48 Tiffany St. W. 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
23 18 58 Tiffany St. W. 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
24 19 12 Tiffany St. W. 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
25 19 20 Tiffany St. W. 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
26 19 26 Tiffany St. W. 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
27 20 22 Kerr St. 05/11/2008 yes boron rods
28 20 90 Dufferin St. 05/11/2008 yes boron rods
29 21 101 Dufferin 05/11/2008 yes wrap around
30 21 59 Tiffany St. E. 05/11/2008 yes wrap around
31 21 61 Tiffany St. E. 05/11/2008 yes boron rods
32 22 30 Extra St. 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
17
Table 4. Guelph Hydro Pole Treatments in 2008 (continued).
33 22 360 Woolwich St. 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
34 22 59 Mont St. 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
35 22 65 Mont St. 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
36 22 75 Mont St. 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
37 22 87 Exhibition St. 05/09/2008 yes boron rods
38 23 12 Dufferin St. 05/11/2008 yes boron rods
39 23 26 Dufferin St. 05/11/2008 yes boron rods
40 23 28 Dufferin St. 05/12/2008 yes boron rods
41 23 4 Dufferin St. 05/11/2008 yes boron rods
42 23 54 Dufferin St. 05/11/2008 yes boron rods
43 23 64 Dufferin St. 05/11/2008 yes boron rods
44 23 82 Dufferin St. 05/11/2008 yes boron rods
45 24 140 Cardigan 05/11/2008 no boron rods
46 25 37 Exhibition St. 05/09/2009 yes boron rods
47 25 47 Exhibition St. 05/09/2008 yes boron rods
48 25 49 McTague St. 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
49 26 19 Exhibition St. 05/09/2008 yes boron rods
50 26 7 Exhibition St. 05/09/2008 yes boron rods
51 27 269 Dublin St. N. 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
52 29 212 Dublin St. N. 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
53 29 216 Dublin St. N. 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
54 29 230 Dublin St. N. 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
55 29 236 Dublin St. N. 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
56 29 252 Dublin St. N. 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
57 30 21 Edwin St. 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
58 30 33 Edwin St. 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
59 33 32 Norwich St. W. 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
60 33 44 Norwich St. W. 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
61 33 50 Norwich St. W. 05/10/2008 yes boron rods
62 38 200 Woolwich St. 05/11/2008 yes boron rods
63 40 41 Norwich St. E. 05/11/2008 yes boron rods
64 41 27 Cardigan 05/11/2008 yes boron rods
65 41 33 Cardigan 05/11/2008 yes boron rods
18
Table 5. Approved Top Mulches and Soil Amendment Materials (revised).
Manufacturer1 Product Name Outcome2 Use3
1 AllTreat 4 Seasons 100% Bark Mulch Approved TM
2 AllTreat Black Beauty Landscape Mulch Not
3 AllTreat Canada Red Bark Mulch Not
4 AllTreat Cocoa Shell Mulch Approved TM
5 AllTreat Cypress Gold Landscape Mulch Not
6 AllTreat Decorative Landscape Stone Approved TM
7 AllTreat Pine Bark Nuggets Approved TM
8 AllTreat Red Devil Landscape Mulch Not
9 AllTreat Rustic Bark Mulch Not
10 Hillview Cedar Mulch Not
11 Intl. Mulch Rubberific Mulch Approved TM
12 Nirom peat moss Approved SA
13 Planet Bean coffee bean husk Approved SA
14 Scotts Classic Black Color Enhanced Mulch Not
15 Scotts Sierra Red Color Enhanced Mulch Not
16 Element 6 Original Soil Block (coconut husk) Approved SA
17 generic Wheat Straw Not
1Manufacturer's addresses or contact information:
AllTreat Farms Inc., 7963 Wellington Road 109, Arthur, ON N0G 1A1
Hillview (Nu-Gro Inc.), 10 Craig St., Brantford ON N3R 7J1
IMC (Intl. Mulch Corp.), One Mulch Lane, St. Louis, MO 63044
Nirom Peat Moss Inc., Riviere du Loup, Quebec GR5 3Z1
Planet Bean, 259 Grange Road, Unit 2, Guelph, ON N1E 6R5
Scotts Canada, www.scottscanada.com 1-800-543-TURF
Element 6 Products, www.Element6Products.com 2 See mulch test results at: http://guelph.ca > quick links > termites
3 TM = Top Mulch (layer on top of soil); SA = Soil Amendment (tilled into
soil)
- 19 -
Figure 1. History of Termite Expansion in Guelph.
- 20 -
GREENVIEW ST.
FERNDALE
CASSINO AVE.
AC
OR
N P
L.
CHESTNUT PL.
TOBEY AVE.
LAVERNE AVE.W
ES
TM
INS
TE
R
CA
LL
AN
DE
R
DR
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EN
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.
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EDMONTON DR.
VANCOUVER DR.
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LG
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GLENBROOK DR.
AV
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SPRUCE PL.
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WALNUT D
R.
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KNIGHTSWOOD
BLV
D.
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RD.
MEYER
LINCOLN C
RES.
WALNUT
LINCO
LN CRES.
RE
NF
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D
ST
.
DR.
DAN
WO
OD
PL.
CT.
WIN
DS
OR
KIN
GS
BERKLE
Y P
L.
ST.
LEY
SHIREDEVON
BENNETT AVE.
MEYER DR.
DR
.
ROSEDALE AVE.
BENNETT AVE.SH
IRL
EY
A
VE
.
LA
NE
S
T.
OT
TA
WA
PL.DRUMMOND
LE
E
CASSINO AVE.
NORMANDY DR.
FRANCHETTO
BLVD.
MONTREAL RD.
AN
TH
ON
Y
CT
.
DEL MAR BLVD.
KARA
AV
E.
WIL
LIA
M
ST
.
ERIN AVE.
STEVEN
SO
N S
T. N
RYAN AVE.
CASSINO AVE.
COTE
DR.
TA
MA
RA
CK
PL.
PL.
LO
UIS
A
DR
.
LA
NE
S
T.
DU
NK
IRK
A
VE
.
LA
UR
INE
A
VE
.
JA
NE
ST
WIN
ST
ON
C
RE
S.
ME
TC
AL
FE
S
T.
PALMER ST.
PARKHOLM AVE.
FR
AN
KL
IN
AV
E
LEMON ST.
WINSTON CRES.
HEPBURN AVE. JA
CK
SO
N S
T
CR
ES
TW
OO
D
PL
.
AR
DM
AY
LEMON ST.
ST
UA
RT
ST
.
ERAMO
SA RD.
GL
EN
HIL
LS
T.
CA
TH
ER
INE
S
T.KIN
G
ST
.
DERRY ST.
QU
EE
N
ST
.
HA
VE
LO
CK
S
T.
PL
.
SPRING ST.
GUELPH
GENERAL
HOSPITAL
SPEED
RIV
ER
KIN
G
ST
.
NEW ST.
AR
TH
UR
ST. N
QU
EE
N
ST
.
EMMA ST.
PETER AVE.
DE
LH
I S
T.
MA
RL
BO
RO
UG
H
RD
.
HOMEWOOD
HEALTH CENTRE
A
RT
HU
R S
T. N
PEARL ST.
NORWICH ST. E
SP
EE
D
RIV
ER
LONDON RD. E
MIT
CH
EL
L S
T.
SUFFOLK ST. E
CLARENCE ST.
GEORGE ST.
CLARKE ST. E
STULL AVE.
WO
OL
WIC
H
ST
.
MARCON ST.
PIPE ST.
KERR ST.
DU
FF
ER
IN
ST
.
CA
RD
IGA
N S
T.
POWELL ST. E
TIFFANY ST. E
SP
EE
D R
IVE
R
QUEBEC ST.
CHAPEL LN.
WO
OLW
ICH
ST.
DOUGLAS ST.
HEFFERNAN
McTAGUE ST.
WO
OL
WIC
H
ST
.
CAVELL AVE.
TIFFANY ST. W
DU
BL
IN
ST
.
EXTRA ST.
NO
RF
OLK
S
T.
BAKER
S
T.
GREEN ST.
EDWIN ST.
WO
OLW
ICH
S
T.
NORWICH ST. W
CHARLES ST.
KING EDWARD PL
COMMERCIAL ST.
CATHCART ST.
KN
IGH
TS
WO
OD
B
LV
D.
DU
MB
AR
TO
N
ST
.
ST
EV
EN
SO
N
ST
. N
KE
NS
ING
TO
N
ST
. LANGSIDE ST.
VIS
TA
CO
UN
TR
Y C
LU
B
GO
LF
VIE
W
RD
.
DALEBROOK PL.
GOLFVIEW RD.
GOLF COURSE
KENSINGTON ST.
WAVERLEY DR.
COUNTRY CLUB
FAIRW
AY LANE
SUMAC PL.
GLADSTONE AVE.
ME
TC
AL
FE
S
T.
AVE.
GL
AD
ST
ON
E
PIN
E
DR
.
BALSAM DR.
ST
EV
EN
SO
N
ST
. N
MA
NH
AT
TA
NC
T
BR
IGH
TO
N
ST
.
SHAFTESBURY AVE.
ME
TC
AL
FE
S
T.
KE
NS
ING
TO
N
ST
.
CO
LL
ING
WO
OD
S
T.
LILAC PL.
SK
OV
ME
TC
AL
FE
S
T.
PLEASANT
RD.
CRES.
KIR
ST
EN
D
R.
PLEASANT RD.
CADILLAC DR.
EMMA ST.
SU
NN
YL
EA
C
RE
S.
SUNNYLEA CRES.
TERRY BLVD.
TE
RR
Y
BL
VD
.
PHILIP AVE.
PAUL AVE.
DELH
I ST.
NELSON RD.
KITCHENER
CLIV
E
AV
E.
WOLSELEY
AVE.
MA
RL
BO
RO
UG
H
RD.
RD
SPE
ED
RIV
ER
SP
EE
D R
IVE
R
W OOD LAW N R D . E
RIV
ER
VIE
W P
LAC
E
RIV
ER
VIE
W D
R.
SPEEDVALE AVE. E
RIV
ER
SID
E P
AR
K
JOHN ST.
DU
FF
ER
IN
ST
.
CLARKE ST. W
POWELL ST. W
SPEED RIV
ER
WO
OLW
ICH
S
T.
RIVERSIDE PARK
WOODLAWN RD. W
BA
ILE
Y
AV
E.
WO
OL
WIC
H S
T.
MARILYN DR.
WOODLAWN
CEMETERY
SENIOR
CENTRE
MAC AVE.
EARL ST.
ANN ST.
GEMMELLN.
OAKWOOD
GL
EN
WO
OD
A
VE
.
ALEXANDRA
OXFORD ST.
MONT ST.
GREEN
PA
RK
A
VE
.
DU
BLIN
S
T. N
PAISLEY ST.
NORWICH ST. E
CA
RD
IGA
N S
T.
YAR
MO
UTH
S
T.
EXHIBITION
PARK
DIVISION ST.
AVONDALE
PR
INC
ES
S
ST
.
VERNEY ST.
CE
NT
RA
L
S
T.
EX
HIB
ITIO
N
ST
.
BARTON ST.
FREEMAN AVE.
CHESTER ST.
STANLEY ST.
RO
BE
RT
SO
N
DR
.
ST. ANDREW ST.
EX
HIB
ITIO
N
ST
.
CORK ST. W
CAMBRIDGE ST.
GLA
SG
OW
S
T. N
GARTH
LONDON RD. W
GARTH ST.
SUFFOLK ST. W
LIVERPOOL ST.
KIR
KLA
ND
S
T.
SU
MM
IT
TORRANCE C
RES.
KA
TH
LE
EN
S
T.
FR
EE
MA
N
AV
E.
BAILEY AVE.
BE
AT
TIE
S
T
LY
ON
AV
E.
CAMPION AVE.
K
AT
HL
EE
N
ST
.
TIPPERARY PL.
KA
TH
LE
EN
S
T.
HIGHVIEW PL.
GU
ELP
H JU
NC
TIO
N R
AILW
AY
Figure 2. Guelph Termite Management Areas.
Woolwich Area Sectors 1-41
(discovered 1960s)
Emma–Pine Area Sectors 47-50
(discovered 2007)
Windermere Area Sectors 42-46
(discovered 2000)
- 21 -
Figure 3. Sector Numbers for Woolwich Area.
AR
DM
AY
ERAMO
SA RD.
KIN
G
ST
.DERRY ST.
QU
EE
N
ST
.
HA
VE
LO
CK
S
T.
SPRING ST.
GUELPHGENERALHOSPITAL
KIN
G
ST
.
QU
EE
N
ST
.
EMMA ST.
PETER AVE.
DE
LH
I S
T.
MA
RL
BO
RO
UG
H
RD
.
HOMEWOODHEALTH CENTRE
A
RT
HU
R S
T. N
PEARL ST.
NORWICH ST. E
SP
EE
D R
IVE
R
LONDON RD. E
MIT
CH
ELL S
T.
SUFFOLK ST. E
CLARENCE ST.
GEORGE ST.
CLARKE ST. E
STULL AVE.
WO
OLW
ICH
S
T.
MARCON ST.
PIPE ST.
KERR ST.
DU
FF
ER
IN
ST
.
CA
RD
IGA
N S
T.
POWELL ST. E
TIFFANY ST. ES
PE
ED
RIV
ER
McTAGUE ST.
WO
OLW
ICH
S
T.
CAVELL AVE.
TIFFANY ST. W
DU
BLIN
S
T.
EXTRA ST.
NO
RF
OLK
S
T.
BAK
ER
S
T.
GREEN ST.
EDWIN ST.
WO
OLW
ICH
S
T.
NORWICH ST. W
CHARLES ST.
KING EDWARD PL
SUNNYLEA CRES.
PAUL AVE.
JOHN ST.D
UF
FE
RIN
S
T.
CLARKE ST. W
POWELL ST. W
MAC AVE.
EARL ST.
ANN ST.
OAKWOOD
GLE
NW
OO
D
AV
E.
OXFORD ST.
MONT ST.
GREEN
PA
RK
A
VE
.
DU
BLIN
S
T. N
NORWICH ST. E
CA
RD
IGA
N S
T.
YAR
MO
UTH
S
T.
EXHIBITION PARK
DIVISION ST.
AVONDALE
PR
INC
ES
S
ST
.
VERNEY ST.
CE
NT
RA
L
S
T.
EX
HIB
ITIO
N
ST
.
BARTON ST.
STANLEY ST.
RO
BE
RT
SO
N
DR
.
ST. ANDREW ST.
EX
HIB
ITIO
N
ST
.
GLA
SG
OW
S
T. N
GARTH
LONDON RD. W
GARTH ST.
SUFFOLK ST. W
LIVERPOOL ST.
KIR
KLA
ND
S
T.
SU
MM
IT
SUMM
IT
CRES.
TORRANCE C
RES.
LY
ON
AV
E.
CAMPION AVE.
K
AT
HLE
EN
S
T.
TIPPERARYPL.
ED
GE
HIL
L
DR
.
KA
TH
LE
EN
S
T.
HIGHVIEW PL.
36
2423
0
32
00
8
11
7
12
10
41
37
40
21
1615
20
39
38
27
30
31
000
1
33
32
19
22
25
14
9
13
46
5
35
34
18
17
26
2928
- 22 -
Figure 4. Sector Numbers for Windermere Area.
- 23 -
Figure 5. Sector Numbers for Emma-Pine Area.
- 24 -
Figure 6. Areas of Identified Termite Activity in Sectors 2-41 in 2008.
Areas of identified termite activity in 2008
Newly active block in 2008
Red Zone sector numbers
Maximum extent of infestation
KIN
G
ST
.DERRY ST.
QU
EE
N
ST
.
HA
VE
LO
CK
S
T.
SPRING ST.
KIN
G
ST
.
EMMA ST.
PETER AVE.
MA
RL
BO
RO
UG
H
RD
.
HOMEWOODHEALTH CENTRE
A
RT
HU
R S
T. N
PEARL ST.
NORWICH ST. E
SP
EE
D R
IVE
R
LONDON RD. E
MIT
CH
ELL S
T.
SUFFOLK ST. E
CLARENCE ST.
GEORGE ST.
CLARKE ST. E
STULL AVE.
WO
OL
WIC
H
ST
.
MARCON ST.
PIPE ST.
KERR ST.
DU
FF
ER
IN
ST
.
CA
RD
IGA
N S
T.
POWELL ST. E
TIFFANY ST. E
SP
EE
D R
IVE
R
McTAGUE ST.
WO
OL
WIC
H
ST
.
CAVELL AVE.
TIFFANY ST. W
DU
BL
IN
ST
.
EXTRA ST.
GREEN ST.
EDWIN ST.
WO
OLW
ICH
S
T.
NORWICH ST. W
CHARLES ST.
KING EDWARD PL
JOHN ST.
DU
FF
ER
IN
ST
.
CLARKE ST. W
POWELL ST. W
EARL ST.
MONT ST.
GREEN
PA
RK
A
VE
.
NORWICH ST. E
CA
RD
IGA
N S
T.
EXHIBITION PARK
DIVISION ST.
AVONDALE
PR
INC
ES
S
ST
.
VERNEY ST.
CE
NT
RA
L
S
T.
EX
HIB
ITIO
N
ST
.
RO
BE
RT
SO
N
DR
.ST. ANDREW ST.
GLA
SG
OW
S
T. N
GARTH
LONDON RD. W
GARTH ST.
SUFFOLK ST. W
LIVERPOOL ST.
KIR
KLA
ND
S
T.
SU
MM
IT
TORRANCE C
RES.
K
AT
HL
EE
N
ST
.
TIPPERARY PL.
2
8 7
15 16
21
19 20
37
22
24
41
30
25
36 27
#
12
- 25 -
Figure 7. Termites Trapped by Year and Sector (1999-2001 & 2007-2008).
27
812
1516
1920
2122
2324
2527
3036
3741
4247
1999
2000
2001
2007
2008
0
50,0
00
100,
000
150,
000
200,
000
250,
000
300,
000
350,
000
Termites Trapped
Sec
tor
Year
- 26 -
Figure 8. Trap locations and observed termite activity in Sector 2 in 2008.
termite trap
active trap
termite activity observed in yard survey estimated termite foraging territory
- 27 -
Figure 9. Trap activity and observed termite activity in Sector 7 in 2008.
termite trap
active trap
termite activity observed in yard survey
estimated termite foraging territory
- 28 -
Figure 10. Trap locations and observed termite activity in Sector 8 in 2008.
termite trap
active trap
termite activity observed in yard survey
estimated termite foraging territory
- 29 -
DUFFERIN ST.
JOHN ST.
PIPE ST.
Figure 11. Trap locations and observed termite activity in Sector 12 in 2008.
125 123
2
12
16
20
9
11
15
21
29
termite trap
active trap
termite activity observed in yard survey
estimated termite foraging territory
- 30 -
Figure 12. Trap locations and observed termite activity in Sector 15 in 2008.
termite trap
active trap
termite activity observed in yard survey
estimated termite foraging territory
- 31 -
Figure 13. Trap locations and observed termite activity in Sector 16 in 2008.
- 32 -
Figure 14. Trap locations and observed termite activity (none) in Sector 19 in 2008.
termite trap
active trap
termite activity observed in yard survey
estimated termite foraging territory
- 33 -
Figure 15. Trap activity and observed termite activity in Sector 20 in 2008.
termite trap
active trap
termite activity observed in yard survey
estimated termite foraging territory
- 34 -
Figure 16. Trap locations and observed termite activity in Sector 21 in 2008.
termite trap
active trap
termite activity observed in yard survey
estimated termite foraging territory
- 35 -
Figure 17. Trap locations and observed termite activity in Sector 22 in 2008.
termite trap
active trap
termite activity observed in yard survey
estimated termite foraging territory
- 36 -
Figure 18. Trap locations and observed termite activity in Sector 23 in 2008.
termite trap
active trap
termite activity observed in yard survey
estimated current termite foraging territory
also active in 2007
- 37 -
Figure 19. Trap locations and observed termite activity in Sector 24 in 2008.
termite trap
active trap
termite activity observed in yard survey
estimated termite foraging territory
- 38 -
Figure 20. Trap locations and observed termite activity in Sector 25 in 2008.
termite trap
active trap
termite activity observed in yard survey
estimated termite foraging territory
- 39 -
termite trap
active trap
termite activity observed in yard survey
estimated termite foraging territory
Figure 21. Trap locations and observed termite activity in Sector 27 in 2008.
- 40 -
termite trap
active trap
termite activity observed in yard survey
estimated termite foraging territory
Figure 22. Trap locations and observed termite activity in Sector 30 in 2008.
- 41 -
termite trap
active trap
termite activity observed in yard survey
estimated termite foraging territory
Figure 23. Trap locations and observed termite activity in Sector 36 in 2008.
- 42 -
Figure 24. Trap locations and observed termite activity in Sector 37 in 2008.
termite trap
active trap
termite activity observed in yard survey
estimated termite foraging territory
- 43 -
Figure 25. Trap locations and observed termite activity in Sector 41 in 2008.
termite trap
active trap
termite activity observed in yard survey
estimated termite foraging territory
- 44 -
Figure 26. New Traps Installed in Sectors 43, 44, 45 and 46 in 2008.
- 45 -
Limit of previously active area
termite trap
active trap
termite activity observed in yard survey
estimated termite foraging territory
Figure 27. Trap locations and observed termite activity in Sector 42 in 2008.
- 46 -
Figure 28. Trap locations and observed termite activity in Sector 47 in 2008.
termite trap
active trap
termite activity observed in yard survey
estimated termite foraging territory
- 47 -
Figure 29. Yard Wood Management in Sector 47 in 2008.
termite trap
treated tree or pole
tree or stump removed
infested polystyrene removed from under sidewalk
Termi-mesh stainless steel socks installed on new utility poles
Treated in fence posts
wood retaining walls removed
- 48 -
Figure 30. Nematode Treatment Areas
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AY
Nematode Treatment Areas
- 49 -
Figure 31. Summary of Nematode Treatments in Sector 1-41 in 2008
Properties treated with nematodes in fall, 2008
Authorization not received or deferred until spring, 2009
- 50 -
Figure 32. Tree & Stump Removals & Sign Placements in 2008
Sign Placement Tree or stump removal or tree treatment in 2008
- 51 -
Warning!
Risk of Termites
No Dumping or Removal of Material from this Area
Violators subject to fines
For further information contact: Termite Control Officer, (519) 837-5615
Figure 33. Termite Warning Sign
- 52 -
Appendix 1.
- 53 -
Appendix 2.
- 54 -
Appendix 3.
- 55 -
Appendix 4.
- 56 -
Appendix 5.
- 57 -
Appendix 6.
- 58 -
Appendix 7.
February 25, 2008 To: Residents of Termite Management Areas Re: Update on Termite Situation I am writing to update you of the latest findings on termite distribution in the city. Please find attached a copy of the Executive Summary of the Termite Report 2007 with summary table and maps. The full report is posted on the City’s web site at http://guelph.ca/ under “quick links/termites”. A town hall meeting will be held to present these findings and to outline the plan and schedule for the upcoming season. For residents of your area the meeting will be as follows: Residents north of Tiffany St. Thursday, March, 6, 2008 Residents of Windermere-Inverness Residents south of Tiffany St. Tuesday March 11, 2008 and Emma-Pine Areas Thursday March 13, 2008 The meeting will be held at the Evergreen Seniors Centre, 683 Woolwich Street, starting at 7:00 p.m. I hope to see you at the meeting. Sincerely,
Tim Myles, Ph.D. Termite Control Office
Community Design and Development Services
Building Services
T 519-837-5615 ext 2840 Fax 519-822-4632
- 59 -
Appendix 8.
Important Notice To All Guelph Area
Real Estate Agents
March, 2008
Real Estate Agents are responsible for the following:
Know where the three Guelph Termite Management Areas are located.
Ensure disclosure that a property is located within the Termite
Management Area.
Ensure the property has a termite inspection.
Ensure that prospective buyers are provided a copy of the termite
inspection report.
Ensure that prospective buyers are aware that the City of Guelph has a comprehensive Termite Control Program with which residents in Termite
Management areas must comply.
Please see the attached “General Information on Termites in Guelph” and the
map showing the locations of the three Termite Management Areas.
Community Design and Development Services
Building Services
T 519-837-5615 F 519-822-4632
- 60 -
Appendix 9.
General Information on Guelph’s Termite Management Program
Subterranean termites are non-native invasive insects that can cause serious structural damage to
homes and can be difficult and expensive to control. These insects have been accidentally
introduced from the United States to over 30 Ontario municipalities. The termite infestation in
Guelph was first detected in the early 1970s near Goldie Mill Park. Currently, in Guelph, there are
three designated Termite Management Areas, all on the north side of the City, encompassing 869
properties.
New infestations can become established by the movement of infested wood or soil. Therefore, all
residents of the City should be cautious about donating or receiving any wood items that have been
sitting outdoors on the ground, such as firewood, landscaping ties, wood sheds, mulch, etc.
Residents in Termite Management Areas are required to comply with strict disposal procedures to
restrict the potential spread of termites to other areas of the City. The disposal procedure is as
follows: 1) stack wood in a pile or load wood in a bin in preparation for disposal, 2) call 519-837-
5614 to set up an inspection, 3) the Termite Control Officer will inspect and write a field report, 4)
deliver wood to transfer station at 80 Dunlop Drive and present field report to waive tipping fees on
the first 500 pounds.
When selling a property in a Termite Management Area, the resident or agent is required to disclose
that the property is within a Termite Management Area, obtain a termite inspection report from the
Termite Control Officer, and ensure that prospective buyers receive a copy of the inspection report.
The owner should arrange an inspection by calling 519-837-5614. If the agent arranges the
inspection then a written request from the owner must also be faxed or delivered to Building
Services, 2 Wyndham St. N., 2nd
Floor, (fax: 519-822-4632).
Landscaping, renovation and new construction can also be affected in termite areas. New fences
should be constructed of non-wood materials or if wood posts are used they must be pressure treated
and supported on metal brackets above ground level. Likewise, retaining walls must be constructed
of non-wood materials, not pressure treated wood. In addition, the Ontario Building Code has
specifications for construction of new buildings, porches, and decks that pertain to termite infested
areas.
Under the direction of the Termite Control Officer, the City has a comprehensive strategy for termite
management and control. This involves inspections, monitoring properties with traps, reduction of
termite habitat through yard wood management, area-wide colony level suppressive treatments, and
limited utilization of conventional chemical treatments where necessary.
For further information and maps of Termite Management Areas please visit http://guelph.ca > quick
links > termites or contact Dr. Tim Myles, Termite Control Officer, [email protected].
- 61 -
Appendix 10.
April 23, 2008
Bell Canada
390 Tower St. South
Fergus, Ontario
Tel: (519) 787-7711 RE: Termite Infested Poles in a Guelph Termite Management Area
The City of Guelph currently has three termite management areas in which the City
is attempting to eradicate termites (see maps at Guelph.ca > quicklinks > termites).
One of these areas, at Emma St. and Pine Dr. was recently discovered in September,
2007. The population in this area appears to be quite strong. We are attempting to
eradicate termites in all areas through a combination of colony level treatments,
chemical treatments of infested structures, and yard wood management.
We have discovered that the wooden telephone pole in the backyard at 8 Pine Drive
is infested. Furthermore, two other old wooden poles, in the back yards or 126 Emma
and 14 Pine are likely to also be infested below ground level or become infested
(see attached map). Therefore, I request your cooperation in undertaking the removal
of these poles and their replacement with either concrete poles of a subterranean line.
Please contact me at you earliest convenience so that we may discuss appropriate actions.
Sincerely, Tim Myles, Ph.D. Termite Control Officer
Community Design and Development Services Building Services
T 519-837-5615 F 519-822-4632
- 62 -
Appendix 11.
IMPORTANT NOTICE
TO ALL GUELPH AND AREA
LANDSCAPING COMPANIES
The City of Guelph is proactively working with residents in the Termite Management Areas in the City of Guelph to control the spread of termites. This
notice provides information to landscaping companies who may be doing work in these areas.
Landscaping companies are responsible for the following:
Know where the three Guelph Termite Management Areas are located (mapping attached);
Do not deliver wood chip mulch to these areas [cocobean mulch or
decorative stones may be used];
Do not install wood retaining walls in these areas;
When removing any stump or other wood materials from these areas
follow the prescribed Disposal Procedures for Termite Management Areas (attached);
Follow instructions on City of Guelph web site [Guelph.ca – quick links –
termites] for construction of wood fences or decks in the Termite Management Areas;
Contact the City’s Termite Control Officer if you have any questions [519-
837-5615, ext. 2840].
Tim Myles, Termite Control Officer
Community Design and Development Services
Building Services
T 519-837-5615 F 519-822-4632
- 63 -
Appendix 12.
July 7, 2008
Termite Management Area Residents (North of Tiffany Street)
Yard Wood Clean Up Weekend and Update on Mulches
The purpose of this letter is two-fold:
To announce the upcoming Yard Wood Cleanup Weekend.
To provide information on approved mulches.
Yard Wood Cleanup Weekend – Friday August 1st to Monday August 3rd
Disposal bins will be located throughout the Red Zone for the residents to use. Adjacent Blue Zone residents are also encouraged to participate. Please see the reverse side of this letter for a map of the planned locations for the bins (actual locations may differ slightly).
The bins will be delivered on the morning of Friday, August 1st and picked up on the morning of Monday, August 4th. The bins will have parking permits, signage, and barriers. If the bin nearest you fills, then use another. If all the bins fill, leave excess material on your property or drive, well back from the curb, and we will assist in disposing of it later.
Yard Wood Management is an important aspect of the City’s termite control program. Dead wood in soil contact provides termites with feeding, breeding, and overwintering habitat. Our primary focus this year is on removable items such as: wood chip mulch, edging boards, retaining walls, fire wood, sheds, scrap lumber, planting barrels, dead trees, and stumps. Wood chip mulch should be raked up and bagged in clear plastic bags in preparation for disposal.
Some dead wood, such as boards or firewood, can safely be retained if stacked properly off the ground on asphalt, concrete, patio stones or concrete blocks. Fence posts and utility poles are not the focus at this time. Live trees and branch trimmings are also not generally attacked by termites and should not be disposed, at this time.
Red Zone residents will be provided a map and list of yard wood items which should be removed from your property. This will be left in your mail box by termite program staff prior to July 25th. Termite program staff will be on hand on Friday August 1 to assist with removal. Over the weekend, it is hoped that neighbours will assist each other in the disposal task. This is an important opportunity to collectively reduce termite habitat, so please try to remove as much yard wood as possible.
Approved Mulches (Decorative Stone, Rubber Mulch, Pine Nuggets, Cocoa Shells, Bark, etc.)
After you have raked up and removed your old wood chip mulch you may want to apply new mulch or ground cover. I have attached a chart summarizing the outcome of a recently completed study of termite feeding preferences on various mulches, indicating which mulches have been approved or not approved for use in the termite management area.
Thank you for your participation in this community project!
Tim Myles, Ph.D. Termite Control Office
City Hall 1 Carden St
Guelph, ON N1H 3A1
T 519-837-5615, Ext. 2840 519 827-4383 (cell)
guelph.ca > quick links > termites
- 64 -
Planned locations of yard wood disposal bins Aug 1-4
AR
DM
AY
LEMON ST.
ERAMO
SA RD.
KIN
G
ST
.DERRY ST .
QU
EE
N
ST
.
HA
VE
LO
CK
S
T.
SPRING ST .
GUELPHGENERALHOSPITAL
KIN
G
ST
.
AR
TH
UR
ST. N
QU
EE
N
ST
.
EMMA ST .
PETER AVE.
DE
LH
I S
T.
MA
RL
BO
RO
UG
H
RD
.
HOMEWOODHEALTH CENTRE
A
RT
HU
R S
T. N
PEARL ST.
NORWICH ST. E
SP
EE
D R
IVE
R
LONDON RD. E
MIT
CH
ELL S
T.
SUFFOLK ST. E
CLARENCE ST.
GEORGE ST .
CLARKE ST . E
STULL AVE.
WO
OL
WIC
H
ST
.
MARCON ST .
PIPE ST .
KERR ST .
DU
FF
ER
IN
ST
.
CA
RD
IGA
N S
T.
POWELL ST . E
T IFFANY ST . E
SP
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IVE
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WO
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ST.
McTAGUE ST .
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.
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.
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T.
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T.
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OLW
ICH
S
T.
NORWICH ST. W
CHARLES ST.
KING EDWARD PL
PLEASANT
SUNNYLEA CRES.
PHILIP AVE.
PAUL AVE.
MA
RLB
OR
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GH
SPEEDVALE AVE. E
JOHN ST .
DU
FF
ER
IN
ST
.
CLARKE ST . W
POWELL ST . W
MAC AVE.
EARL ST .
ANN ST .
OAKWOOD
GL
EN
WO
OD
A
VE
.
ALEXANDRA
OXFORD ST.
MONT ST .
GREEN
PA
RK
A
VE
.
DU
BLIN
S
T. N
PAISLEY ST.
NORWICH ST. E
CA
RD
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DIVISION ST .
AVONDALE
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ST
.
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NT
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T.
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HIB
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N
ST
.
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CHESTER ST .
STANLEY ST .
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DR
.
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HIB
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ST
.
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RK
SH
IRE
S
T. N
CAMBRIDGE ST.
GLA
SG
OW
S
T. N
HOME ST
GARTH
LONDON RD. W
GARTH ST.
SUFFOLK ST. W
LIVERPOOL ST.
KIR
KLA
ND
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T.
SU
MM
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SUMM
IT
CRES.
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RES.
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YO
N
A
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.
CAMPION AVE.
BA
RB
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A
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.
K
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HL
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ST
.
T IPPERARYPL.
ED
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HIL
L
DR
.
KA
TH
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EN
S
T.
HIGHVIEW PL.
- 65 -
Appendix 13. July 7, 2008
Termite Management Area Residents (South of Tiffany Street)
Yard Wood Clean Up Weekend and Update on Mulches
The purpose of this letter is two-fold:
To announce the upcoming Yard Wood Cleanup Weekend.
To provide information on approved mulches.
Yard Wood Cleanup Weekend – Friday August 22nd to Monday August 25th
Disposal bins will be located throughout the Red Zone for the residents to use. Adjacent Blue Zone residents are also encouraged to participate. Please see the reverse side of this letter for a map of the planned locations of the bins (actual locations may differ slightly).
The bins will be delivered on the morning of Friday, August 22nd and picked up on the morning of Monday, August 25th. The bins will have parking permits, signage, and barriers. If the bin nearest you fills, then use another. If all the bins fill, leave excess material on your property or drive, well back from the curb, and we will assist in disposing of it later.
Yard Wood Management is an important aspect of the City’s termite control program. Dead wood in soil contact provides termites with feeding, breeding, and overwintering habitat. Our primary focus this year is on removable items such as: wood chip mulch, edging boards, retaining walls, fire wood, sheds, scrap lumber, planting barrels, dead trees, and stumps. Wood chip mulch should be raked up and bagged in clear plastic bags in preparation for disposal.
Some dead wood, such as boards or firewood, can safely be retained if stacked properly off the ground on asphalt, concrete, patio stones or concrete blocks. Fence posts and utility poles are not the focus at this time. Live trees and branch trimmings are also not generally attacked by termites and should not be disposed, at this time.
Red Zone residents will be provided a map and list of yard wood items which should be removed from your property. This will be left in your mail box by termite program staff prior to August 15th. Termite program staff will be on hand on Friday August 22 to assist with removal. Over the weekend, it is hoped that neighbours will assist each other in the disposal task. This is an important opportunity to collectively reduce termite habitat, so please try to remove as much yard wood as possible.
Approved Mulches (Decorative Stone, Rubber Mulch, Pine Nuggets, Cocoa Shells, Bark, etc.)
After you have raked up and removed your old wood chip mulch you may want to apply new mulch or ground cover. I have attached a chart summarizing the outcome of a recently completed study of termite feeding preferences on various mulches, indicating which mulches have been approved or not approved for use in the termite management area.
Thank you for your participation in this community project!
Tim Myles, Ph.D.
Termite Control Officer
City Hall 1 Carden St
Guelph, ON N1H 3A1
T 519-837-5615, Ext. 2840 519-827-4383 (cell)
guelph.ca > quick links > termites
- 66 -
Planned locations of yard wood disposal bins Aug 22-25
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Appendix 14.
July 11, 2008
Termite Management Plan for the Windermere-Inverness Area
The purpose of this letter is four-fold:
To notify residents of newly discovered termite activity in the area
To announce the upcoming Yard Wood Cleanup Weekend on September 5-8
To notify residents of indoor inspections from September 8-19
To provide information on approved mulches.
Newly Discovered Termite Activity
On July 4, termite activity was discovered in two traps in the front yard of 9 Windermere Court. The pressure-treated wood landscaping ties near the infested traps were also found to be infested and have now been removed. Of the nearly 300 installed traps in the Windermere-Inverness Termite Management Area, these were the only ones that have been found to be active so far this year. It is hoped that the termite activity may be quite localized. However, since the goal of the program is area-wide termite eradication, I feel that it is necessary to take additional measures to limit the survival and spread of this remaining population.
Yard Wood Cleanup Weekend for first weekend of September– Sept. 5-8
As in the other Termite Management Areas of the City, a Yard Wood Cleanup Weekend will be scheduled for the Windermere-Inverness Area. Disposal bins will be located at four locations as shown on the attached map (actual locations may differ slightly). All Red Zone and Blue Zone residents are asked to use the bins to dispose of all removable yard wood in soil contact. The bins will be delivered on the morning of Friday, September 5th and picked up on the morning of Monday, September 8th. The bins will have parking permits, signage, and barriers. If the bin nearest you fills, then use another. If all the bins fill, leave excess material on your property or drive, well back from the curb, and we will assist in disposing of it later. Please do not leave any material on the street outside the bins.
Yard Wood Management is an important aspect of the City’s termite control program. Dead wood in soil contact provides termites with feeding, breeding, and overwintering habitat. Our primary focus this year is on removable items such as: wood chip mulch, landscaping ties, edging boards, retaining walls, fire wood, sheds, scrap lumber, planting barrels, dead trees, and stumps. All stumps and roots should be dug out in preparation for disposal. Wood chip mulch should be raked up and bagged in clear plastic bags in preparation for disposal.
Some dead wood, such as boards or firewood, can safely be retained if stacked properly off the ground on asphalt, concrete, patio stones or concrete blocks. Fence posts and utility poles are not the focus at this time. Live trees and live branch trimmings are not generally attacked by termites and should not be disposed, at this time.
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Residents will be provided a map and list of yard wood items which should be removed from your property. This will be left in your mail box by termite program staff no later than August 29. Termite program staff will be on hand on Friday September 5 to assist with removal. Over the weekend, it is hoped that neighbours will assist each other in the disposal task. This is an important opportunity to collectively reduce termite habitat, so please try to remove as much yard wood as possible. To be included in the Yard Wood Clean up will be the removal of all wood landscaping ties, regardless of whether they have been pressure treated or treated with borate rods. In addition all wood sheds must either be placed on a concrete pad, or elevated on blocks, or dismantled in preparation for disposal. Residents are also reminded that up to 500 pounds of yard wood may be removed per trip at any time of year. To arrange this, call the inspection line at 519-837-5614 to set up a “material disposal inspection”. You will then be issued a field report with a tipping fee waiver to take to the weigh scales at the public drop off at 80 Dunlop St. For further information see Disposal Procedure at: Guelph.ca > quick links > termites.
Indoor Inspections will be conducted the 2nd and 3rd weeks of September In addition to the yard inspections and ongoing yard monitoring of yard traps, we will also be doing indoor inspections of all Red and Blue zone properties. Residents will be called to arrange an inspection time, between 7am and 3pm. These inspections take approximately 15 minutes. In the event of the discovery of indoor infestation, renovations or treatment will be recommended.
Approved Mulches (Decorative Stone, Rubber Mulch, Pine Nuggets, Cocoa Shells, Bark, etc.)
After you have raked up and removed your old wood chip mulch you may want to apply new mulch or ground cover. I have attached a chart summarizing the outcome of a recently completed study of termite feeding preferences on various mulches, indicating which mulches have been approved or not approved for use in the termite management area. If you have any questions feel free to contact me or the Chief Building Official, Bruce Poole, at any time. Thank you for your participation in this community project! Tim Myles, Ph.D.
Termite Control Officer
Attachments
City Hall 1 Carden St
Guelph, ON N1H 3A1
T 519-837-5615, Ext. 2840 519-827-4383 (cell)
guelph.ca > quick links > termites
- 69 -
Approximate planned locations of yard wood disposal bins, Sept 5-8
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Appendix 15.
July 11, 2008
Dear Resident:
Re: Discovery of a termite infestation in your block
This letter is to inform you that last week a termite infestation was discovered in a dead cherry
tree that was removed from a property on the north side Pipe Street. Since the block was already
in the Blue Zone of the Termite Management Area, this discovery is not especially surprising.
Your block will now convert to a Red Zone Block (see attached map).
As you may know, the City has been managing termites in the area for several years. Recently
there has been a renewed effort with the hiring last year of a full time Termite Control Officer.
A detailed history of the termite infestation and various management efforts over the years is
available on the City‟s web site at http://www.guelph.ca > quick links > termites > Termite
Report 2007.
Under the City‟s Termite Control Bylaw, the Termite Control Officer is empowered to enter and
inspect properties to investigate for termites and to prescribe measures aimed at controlling and
limiting the spread of termites.
The following management steps will be taken:
Yard inspections
Trap installation
Yard wood clean up weekend (Aug 1-5)
Ongoing monitoring on approximately a 2-3 week cycle to end of November
Trapped termites will be removed and/or used for colony level treatments
Indoor inspections will be scheduled later in the year
Yard inspections and trap installation: Termite traps will be installed on all properties starting at
7:00 AM this coming Wednesday, July 16 and, if necessary, continuing on July 17. Termite
program staff will first knock on your door, and then proceed to conduct a yard inspection and to
install traps. Please leave gates unlocked. Up to ten traps will be installed per property. Traps
consist of a 4 X 6” plastic pipe with a roll of cardboard and a plywood lid. Traps will be buried
about an inch below ground level and marked with a green bamboo stick. A sketch of the
locations of the traps will be left in your mailbox along with notification of any discovered
termite activity in the yard. Staff will not enter or inspect houses at this time.
Yard wood clean up weekend: A separate mailing has recently gone out concerning the
upcoming yard wood cleanup weekend, originally scheduled for Friday August 1- Monday
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August 4. Please note that since Monday, August 4 is a civic holiday, bins will not be picked up
until Tuesday, August 5. Please refer to that mailing for a map of bin locations.
Trees: Live trees are not attacked or killed by termites. Termites may however build shelter
tubes on the bark to reach pruning scars or dead branches. Only trees that have numerous dead
branches or severe heart rot need to be removed. Trees that are taken down must also have the
stump removed. Healthy trees with shelter tubes on the exterior bark can be treated chemically.
Short term and long term goals: The goal of the Termite Management Program for this year is to
identify the extent of the infestation and to eliminate as much yard wood as possible. We also
plan to identify any existing structural infestations and recommend appropriate treatments where
necessary to safeguard structures. Our long term goal is to suppress the population by colony
level suppressive treatments with baits, transmissible chemicals, or termite-specific biological
agents (such as parasitic fungi). Using an integrated approach, involving habitat reduction,
population treatments and limited use of chemical treatments, the City plans to achieve area-wide
control.
Cost sharing: The City of Guelph has taken a proactive approach to termite management with
the ultimate goal of eradicating termites from the City. This however, does not mean that the
City assumes any responsibility for termite infestation or that it intends to cover all costs
associated with termite control. Through the Termite Control Officer the City will monitor
termite populations, coordinate control programs, and apply colony level suppression treatments.
The City offers a tipping fee waiver for waste disposal up to 500 pounds per trip, and may also
from time to time arrange for yard waste disposal bins. The city will also remove any dead city
trees or chemically treat any healthy city trees with evidence of shelter tubing. However, costs
associated with treatment or removal of dead trees, stumps, poles, sheds, fences, decks, retaining
walls, or chemical treatment of structures, or structural renovations on private property must be
covered by the property owners.
If you have any questions please feel free to contact either myself or the Chief Building Official,
Bruce Poole. Thank you for your cooperation in managing termites in your area and preventing
their spread.
Tim Myles, Ph.D.
Termite Control Officer
Attachment
Building Services Community Design and Development Services
2 Wyndham St. N., 2nd Floor, Guelph, ON N1H 3A1
T 519-837-5615 ext. 2840
F 519-822-4632 E [email protected]
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Appendix 16.
July 21, 2008
To: Emma-Pine Termite Management Area Residents
Re: Termite Project Update
Activity remains Confined to Red Zone So far this year, the traps have been checked three times and termite activity remains confined to the Red Zone. Some residents with structural damage have had commercial chemical treatments conducted. Others with minor activity have elected to do spot treatments. All residents should be aware of the chemical options: 1) Chemical soil termiticide treatments can be conducted by licensed private companies, such as Orkin. 2) For minor localized activity, where the point of entry is identified and spread to structural timbers is absent or fully delimited, it may be adequate in some cases to use the do-it-yourself product, Konk 400, available at TSC.
Release Ports to be Installed in Preparation for TTR The monitoring traps which have been installed in your yard are being checked on a 2-3 week schedule. Any termites that are in the traps are removed. When we receive the necessary approvals, we will be using the trapped termites for Trap-Treat-Release treatments of the termite population. In preparation for such treatments we will soon be replacing any active traps with plastic release ports. The release ports have locking lids. Please do not tamper with either the traps or the release ports.
Telephone Pole Removals and Replacements
Three old wooden telephone poles in the backyards of 14 Emma, 8 Emma and 126 Emma will be
removed. They will be replaced with new poles which will be fitted with specially fabricated TermiMesh
stainless socks. The socks have been ordered and this work will be done as soon as they arrive.
Fence Posts to be Treated with Boron Rods Impel boron rods dissolve slowly into wood as it is moistened by precipitation, and deter fungi and wood destroying insects. One rod will be installed per post by drilling a hole near the base, inserting the rod and plugging the hole with a wood dowel. All red zone residents will be contacted before the end of the season to arrange a convenient time to install the rods in your fence posts.
Tree Treatments Last week all trees in the red zone with evidence of termite shelter tubes were chemically treated with the residual crack and crevice spray, Konk 400.
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Indoor Inspections of Blue Zone Properties Last year indoor inspections were conducted in all of the Red Zone properties. This year we will also conduct indoor inspections of the Blue Zone properties. These will be conducted sometime between September 22 and October 3. The inspections take about 15 minutes. Residents will be called in advance to arrange an inspection time between 7:00am and 3:00pm. In the event of the discovery of an indoor infestation, remediation or treatment will be recommended.
Follow up Yard Wood Removal Most residents participated in the yard wood clean up weekend last year and at that time much of the surface wood in yards was removed. However, some yard wood remains, such as landscaping ties and wood chip mulch. A follow-up survey of yards will be done and you will be sent a letter identifying specific yard wood items that should be removed. This will be done in the fall, September – November. Up to 500 pounds of yard wood and waste may be disposed per trip without charge. The yard waste must be taken to the transfer station at 80 Dunlop. To obtain the tipping fee waiver, contact me and I will write a Field Report which must be taken to the weigh scales at 80 Dunlop. If you have no means of hauling yard waste yourself, please call and arrange with me for its disposal. Please review the attached Disposal Procedure.
Approved Mulches
I have also attached a chart summarizing the outcome of a recently completed study of termite feeding preferences on various mulches, indicating which mulches have been approved or not approved, for use in the termite management areas. The most recommended ground covers are non-organic materials such as decorative stone or rubber mulch. Among the organic materials the most resistant top mulch materials are cocoa shell mulch, pine bark nuggets and pure bark mulch. The most resistant organic soil amendment materials are peat moss and coffee bean chaff.
If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact me. Thank you for your participation in this ongoing community project. The objective is to achieve area-wide termite control and hopefully eradication.
Tim Myles, Ph.D.
Termite Control Officer
Attachments
City Hall 1 Carden St
Guelph, ON N1H 3A1
T 519-837-5615, Ext. 2840 519 827-4383 (cell)
guelph.ca > quick links > termites
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Appendix 17.
August 12, 2008
Clarification regarding Termite Management Plan
My letter of July 11, left some residents in the area with the impression that the removal of all yard wood
is mandatory for all Red and Blue Zone residents and that full compliance is required by the date of the
scheduled Yard Wood Clean up Weekend, (Sept. 5-8). Please rest assured that at this time none of the
residents in your neighbourhood are being ordered or compelled to comply with the Termite Management
Plan. While your participation is strongly encouraged, please understand that it is voluntary.
Although the Termite Control Officer is empowered under the Termite Control Bylaw to require the
removal of yard wood, I am not trying to run the project on an enforcement basis. On the contrary, I hope
never to invoke the bylaw or to issue an order to comply. My goal is to promote community education
about the pests and to encourage a cooperative effort to eradicate them from your neighbourhood, and our
city
I believe that the project will work best if based as much as possible on enlightened self interest by
property owners and their diligent voluntary compliance. If there are any aspect of the termite
management plan which you feel are inappropriate, excessive, or particularly difficult or costly for you to
comply with, please contact me so that we can explore alternatives or discuss a temporary open-ended
exemption from compliance.
None of the Blue Zone area has ever been known to have termites and does not seem greatly at risk.
Therefore if you are in the Blue Zone and have wood landscaping items that are too difficult or expensive
to remove, feel free not to remove it, at this time. In the future if termites are found closer to your
property, it may be necessary to reconsider the removal of your yard wood.
During the next three weeks I will finalize my recommendations for clean-up measures for those property
owners residing in the Red Zone. I intend to map out the areas of critical concern, and drop off my
suggestions in your mailbox on or before August 29th. All residents in the Red Zone are encouraged to
participate in the Clean-up Weekend to the best of their ability.
If you reside in either the Red or Blue Zone and have concerns about your yard wood situation, or would
like to discuss the clean-up plan and how it affects you, please don‟t hesitate to contact me. I am at all
times open to your feedback and suggestions. The plan is not set in stone and is not being imposed on the
neighbourhood. I am here to work with you and I am open to all suggestions.
Much progress has already been made toward termite eradication in the neighbourhood and it is my hope
that with further efforts for a few more years we will be able to certify the status of the neighbourhood as
termite-free. For such a designation, the elimination of certain major items of yard wood from the Red
Zone (such as wood sheds) is highly desirable.
Thanks again for your input and participation in the project.
Sincerely,
Tim Myles, Ph.D.
Termite Control Officer
T 519-827-4383 (cell) F 519-822-4632
City Hall 59 Carden St
Guelph, ON Canada
N1H 3A1
T 519-822-1260 TTY 519-826-9771
guelph.ca
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Appendix 18.
September 10, 2008
Re: Termite Control Treatments with Nematodes I am writing to inform residents of a change of plan with respect to colony-level treatments for termite control. I had earlier suggested that Trap-Treat-Release treatments with a slow-acting chemical would be conducted this year. However, I have not yet been able to obtain the necessary permits for such treatments, so TTR will not be done this year. However, exciting recent laboratory tests have shown that certain species of entomopathic nematodes are effective against subterranean termites. I am therefore planning to incorporate nematode treatments into the overall management project, and plan to conduct the first nematode treatment this fall. I have enclosed an information sheet on the product “Terranem” which is the commercial preparation of the nematode species Heterorhabditis bacteriophora. This species is often used for control of white grubs in lawns but is also effective against various other insects that live in the soil, including subterranean termites. These nematodes are safe for humans, pets and plants, and can be applied without any special regulatory approvals. The record level of precipitation that we have had this summer has resulted in a relatively high soil moisture level, which will help to promote nematode survival and infectivity. The optimum seasons for nematode applications are the spring and fall. Therefore I am planning to conduct spring and fall nematode treatments, which may continue for several seasons. The fall application this year will run from September 15 through about mid October. Treatments will be done in the evenings from approximately 4:30 p.m. and 7:30 p.m. Approximately 100 million nematodes will be applied per property. The nematodes will be applied with a watering can to the soil in the vicinity of active traps, stumps, trees with shelter tubes, mulched areas, and other areas of suspected or probable activity. If the soil in your yard is dry on the day of treatment, your water hose will be used to dampen the areas to be treated. If you are not home at the time of treatment, a sketch will be left in your mailbox after the treatment showing the areas treated. Please avoid walking on the treated areas for at least 24 hours since the nematodes are delicate and can be crushed by your weight, before they get down into the soil. Please continue to water these areas for a week or two after the treatment if the weather remains dry. The treatments will only be done in active areas of the Red Zone Blocks. Only those properties who are receiving this letter are included in the planned treatments. An authorization form is attached to this letter. If for any reason you do not want to participate in the nematode treatments please indicate this by signing on the lower part of the form. Please take a few minutes to do the following:
Read the attached information about Terranem.
Sign and return the form either by fax, mail, or drop off at 2 Wyndham St. N., 2nd floor.
Call Kim Fairfull at 519-837-5614 ext. 2374 to arrange a date and time for your treatment. Your participation is appreciated.
Sincerely,
Tim Myles, PhD
Termite Control Officer Building Services, Community Design and Development Services
City Hall 59 Carden St
Guelph, ON Canada
N1H 3A1
T 519-822-1260 TTY 519-826-9771
guelph.ca
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Authorization to conduct nematode treatments for termite control
This is to certify that I (we) am (are) the property owner(s) of the property at:
_______________________________________________________________________________________.
(Owners) _______________________________________________________________________________________ .
(Address)
_______________________________________________________________________________________.
(Phone; E-mail)
I hereby give my consent to staff of the Building Services of the City of Guelph to apply nematodes for termite control on said property.
____________________________________________________________. (Property owner 1, signature and date)
____________________________________________________________. (Property owner 2, signature and date)
Or
I do not wish to participate in nematode treatments of my property for termite control.
____________________________________________________________. (Property owner 1, signature and date)
____________________________________________________________. (Property owner 2, signature and date)
Please Mail, Deliver or Fax to:
Mail: Dr. Tim Myles, Building Services, 1 Carden Street, Guelph, ON N1H 3A1 Deliver:Dr. Tim Myles, Building Services, 2 Wyndham St. N., 2nd Floor, Guelph, ON Fax: 519-822-4632
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Appendix 19.
March 30, 2009 Mr. John Saunders Construction Superintendent Guelph Hydro, 395 Southgate Dr. Guelph, Ontario N1G 4Y1 (519) 837-4713; (519) 831-8856 (cell) Dear Mr. Saunders
RE: Policies for pole management and for disposal of excavated soil and used poles from Termite
Management Areas
As previously discussed, we are mutually interested in formalizing an agreement concerning Guelph
Hydro operations with respect to wood pole management and disposal of used poles and excavated
soil. We are also implementing a new policy regarding disposal of hydrovaced soil. The new
policies are as follows:
Preventive Treatment of Wood Poles. As with other areas of the City, poles in Termite Management
Areas will be inspected on a routine basis (4 year cycle on all poles over 20 years and all poles in
termite areas). In accordance with your ongoing preventive maintenance program, all poles in the
Termite Management areas will be treated with boron rods within the next 3-5 years. Treatments
will be done in accordance with manufacture‟s specification (3, 6, or 9 five inch rods depending on
diameter of pole). As well, poles showing minor evidence of rot or wood destroying insects, other
than termites, will be treated in the usual manner with a basal wrap treatment and/or copper
naphthenate, in keeping with standard procedures by your subcontractor. Currently this contractor is
Pole Care International ( www.polecare.ca ) using wood preservative products approved in Canada
(current supplier, Sasco Products Ltd. ( www.sasco.ca ).
Treatment of Termite Infested Poles. Upon inspection, any poles showing evidence of termite shelter
tubes or suspected termite damage will be promptly reported to the Termite Control Officer.
Following inspection by the Termite Control Officer, a decision will be made regarding either
removal or treatment of the infected pole, which may involve treatment or replacement depending on
location and severity.
Disposal of Used Poles. All used poles from Red Zone blocks must be disposed of at the Solid
Waste Transfer Station at 80 Dunlop Drive. Poles from Blue Zone blocks may optionally be
disposed elsewhere if inspection by the Termite Control Officer indicates no infestation by termites.
For such inspection, poles must be excavated and the portion below ground and just above ground
must be cross sectioned to expose any evidence of termite galleries. The whole pole should be cut
into six foot lengths for disposal. A Field Report should accompany such disposal. In order to
obtain a Field Report, the driver of the vehicle should contact the Termite Control Officer at 519-
837-5615, ext. 2840, or 519-824-4383 (cell).
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Disposal of Hydrovaced Soil. As I understand, virtually all excavated soil from Guelph Hydro
operations is now hydrovaced ( www.badgerinc.com ). It is my professional opinion that the
churning, submersion and abrasion that would result from hydrovacing and the discharging of soil
from hydrovac equipment would result in conditions that would be impossible for termites to
survive. Such soil may therefore be disposed as it would otherwise be for soil excavated from
outside of Termite Management Areas, without inspection by the Termite Control Officer.
Disposal of Excavated Soil. As before, any soil removed by tractor or backhoe would still present a
risk of harboring termites and therefore must be disposed at the Solid Waste Transfer Station at 80
Dunlop Drive, at standard tipping fee rates. A Field Report should accompany such disposal. In
order to obtain a Field Report, the driver of the vehicle should contact the Termite Control Officer at
519-837-5615, ext. 2840, or 519-824-4383 (cell).
Termite Management Areas. These policies apply to all properties within both the Blue and Red
Zones of the three Termite Management Areas. Please see attached maps. The Blue and Red Zones
boundaries may change over time due either to the discovery of new infestations or to control
efforts. Please check the City‟s termite web site annually for any updates at www.guelph.ca > quick
links > termites.
Yours very truly Tim Myles, Ph.D. Termite Control Officer
cc: Bruce Poole Attachment: Maps of Termite Management Areas
- 79 -
Appendix 20.
Termite Survival on Various Types of Mulch
Timothy G. Myles, Ph.D. Termite Control Officer
City of Guelph, 59 Carden St., Guelph, Ontario, Canada N1H 3A1
[email protected] 519-837-5615 ext 2840, 519-827-4383 (cell)
_______________________________________________________________
Abstract: Laboratory tests were conducted to identify termite-resistant mulches which could
be used for landscaping in termite infested areas. Termite survival was assessed using the
eastern subterranean termite, Reticulitermes flavipes, in no-choice laboratory feeding tests on
15 mulch and ground cover materials over a 16-week period. Termites starved and mortality
reached 100% by the 11-12th
week on decorative stone, rubber mulch, cocoa shell mulch, and
coffee chaff. The onset of morbidity was slightly slower but mortality also reached 100% by
the 13th
week on peat moss, by the 14th
week on pine bark nuggets, and by the 16th
week on
extra fine bark mulch. Mortality exceeded 80% but did not reach 100% on several dyed wood
chip mulches and cedar mulch. Mortality reached approximately 60% on two mixed bark and
wood chip products. Termites appeared healthy and mortality remained relatively low on two
other color-enhanced wood chip mulches and on the pine wood controls for the duration of the
16 weeks. The most recommendable soil covers are non-organic materials such as sand, pea
gravel, decorative stone and rubber mulch. Among organic materials the most recommendable
ground cover mulches are cocoa shell mulch, pine bark nuggets, and other pure bark products.
Recommendable organic soil amending materials are sphagnum peat moss and coffee bean
chaff. Wood chip mulches, including color-enhance wood chip mulches, and any bark mulch
that includes a mixture of wood chips are not recommended.
Key Words: Isoptera, Rhinotermitidae, Reticulitermes, termite feeding preferences, termite
diet, termite nutrition, termite starvation, termite cannibalism, termite resistant mulch.
Introduction: Yard Wood Management (YWM) is a critical component of area-wide termite
management projects, including the City of Guelph‟s termite management program (Myles, 2008).
This involves the elimination or replacement of all types of yard wood in soil contact which could
serve as feeding resources or nesting habitat for subterranean termites. Wood chip mulch is a
common example of yard wood which is highly conducive to the growth and expansion of termite
populations. Therefore it is desirable to identify alternative mulch, ground cover, and organic soil
amendment products on which termites cannot derive sufficient nutriment or adequate nutrition for
prolonged survival.
Materials and Methods: Termite survival on various mulches was assessed using the eastern
subterranean termite, Reticulitermes flavipes Kollar (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae) according to a
standard test protocol for termite resistance (ASTM, 1999) with minor modifications. The 15 tested
materials, product names, manufacturers, and descriptive notes are listed in Table 1. In addition to
the test materials, a concurrent control was run using white pine (Pinus strobus) wood blocks
measuring 2.5 X 2.5 X 0.5 cm.
There were five replicates per treatment and control. Each replicate was set up in a Ziploc “Twist „n
Loc” food container (473 ml). Quikrete Premium Play Sand was baked to sterilize and used as the
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termite foraging matrix. A 4 oz. Solo cup was filled with dry sand and levelled with a metal edged
ruler to measure an equal volume of sand into each container (213 grams). Twenty-eight (28) ml of
tap water was added to moisten the sand, which was determined to be 5% less than the water
saturation capacity of the sand. A two gram (dry weight) sample of each test material was placed on
top of the sand. Finally, one gram of foraging termites (mixed castes of workers, soldiers and
nymphs) was added to each replicate, which was determined to be approximately equivalent to 313
termites based on the average of three counted subsamples of 100 termites. Termites were taken
from laboratory stock colonies that were healthy at the start of the experiment. The screw cap
container lids were screwed shut and then unscrewed about 1/8 of a turn to allow slight air
circulation.
All replicates were kept on a lab bench top at room temperature (ca. 23°C) for the duration of the
test. Each replicate was observed weekly by removal of the lid and noting the termite‟s condition as
follows: 1) “H”: healthy, tunnelling below surface level with no or few termite on top of sand, 2)
“T”: ten or more termite on top of sand, 3) “M”: many termites on top and some moribund or dead
termites noted, or 4) “X”: all dead. The experiment was allowed to run for 16 weeks at which time
the remaining replicates with live termites were dismantled, the sand spread on a tray, and the
number of surviving termites in each replicate counted. Visual evidence of feeding on the test
materials and plastering of tunnels with test material was also noted (Figure 1 & Table 1).
The percent mortality data were transformed using the angular transformation (arcsine of square
root) to normalize percentage data (Table A16, Snedecor and Cochran, 1967). Bartlett‟s Test for
homogeneity of data indicated that variance was not homogeneous when the seven treatments with
100% mortality were included. Excluding these, a one-way completely randomized ANOVA was
run on mean mortality using CoStat Software (Version 6.0). Student-Newman-Keuls test was used at
the 0.05 significance level to identify non-significant ranges (Table 1).
Results: Tested materials are listed in Figure 1 and Table 1 according to the order in which 100%
mortality was reached or by percent mortality when less than 100%. Mortality from highest to lowest
was as follows: AllTreat Coco Bean Mulch > Intl. Mulch Rubberific Redwood Mulch > Planet Bean
coffee bean chaff > AllTreat Decorative Stone > Nirom Peat Moss > AllTreat Pine Bark Nuggets >
AllTreat 100% Natural Bark Mulch > AllTreat Black Beauty > AllTreat Red Devil > Hillview Cedar
Mulch > AllTreat Cypress Gold > AllTreat Rustic Bark Mulch > AllTreat Canada Red Bark Mulch
> Scotts Classic Black > pine wood control blocks > Scotts Sierra Red.
As shown in Figure 1 and Table 1, the results may be divided into four categories. In the first
category, mortality reached 100% by the 11-16th
weeks. This category included two non-organic
products, decorative stone and rubber mulch, on which there was no visible feeding on the materials
and termites in these tests did not plaster their galleries. This shows that, as expected, when the
termites had no cellulosic food they eventually starved. Even so, the starvation was surprisingly
gradual, with termites starting to mill about on the surface at 3-7 weeks, morbidity setting in from 8-
11 weeks, and complete mortality requiring 12 weeks.
Evidently, cannibalism provides a short term alternative feeding strategy for these social insects, and
a few semi-cannibalized, (and still living!) individuals were observed in most of these tests.
Although a few cannibalized termites were observed, it was apparent that termites are unable to
make a successful long term shift to cannibalism as a means of group survival in the absence of their
normal diet of lignocellulosic food.
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It is of further interest to note that termites starved at approximately the same time on three organic
materials: cocoa shell mulch, coffee bean chaff, and sphagnum peat moss, as they did under the
strict starvation conditions of the non-organic materials. This occurred even though the termite
galleries were plastered with dark material indicating that they had ingested these materials and yet
failed to derive any nutritional benefit to prolong their lives. Mortality was delayed on the pine bark
nuggets and the pure bark mulch suggesting that the ingested material, in these cases, probably
included minute quantities of digestable cellulose, yet not a sufficient amount to sustain life.
In the second category, morbidity set in by 13-14 week and mortality exceeded 80% by the 16th
week. This category include three dyed wood chip products as well as cedar mulch. Although it
appears that termites may have eventually died out on these products, they were able to derived
sufficient nutrition to significantly prolong their survival compared to category 1 materials.
In the third category mortality reached about 60%. This category included two AllTreat products,
Rustic Bark and Canada Red, both including a mixture of bark and wood chips. In both tests, three
of the five replicates remained healthy to the end of the test. In the final category all replicates
remained healthy through the duration of the 16 week test. This category included two Scotts brand
color-enhanced wood chip mulches, in which final mortality was not significantly different from the
pine wood control.
Discussion: Prolonged survival means that the termites were able to feed on and derive sustenance
from the mulch material. Shorter term survival means that the termites either starved, derived
inadequate nutrition, or suffered toxic effects on the material.
It was interesting and unexpected that termites feeding on 13 of the 15 tested materials had
significantly higher mortality than on the pine wood control. There seem to be two possible
interpretations for this, either the mulches provided inadequate nutrition for prolonged survival
and/or the mulches were somewhat toxic. The two non-organic materials, decorative stone and
rubber mulch, demonstrated a nearly identical pattern of termite decline, which may reasonably be
interpreted as the starvation sequence. Thus the starvation sequence under the test conditions
appeared to involve the onset of surfacing behaviour at 3-5 weeks, morbidity appearing in the 8th
week and complete mortality in all replicates by the 12th
week. None of the test materials exhibited
a more rapid decline than the slow starvation sequence and therefore we may infer that none of
materials were toxic, or at least not strongly so. Since the time course of termite decline was nearly
identical to the starvation sequence for cocoa mulch and coffee bean, it seems reasonable again to
interpret this as starvation. This interpretation is also consistent with the fact that these materials are
derived from non-vascular plant matter and therefore low in the cellulosic material which
characterizes vascular plant tissue, and cellulose is known to be the energy source for termite
nutrition (Slaytor, 2000).
A slightly slower, but eventually fatal decline of the termites on peat moss, pine bark nuggets, and
fine bark also seems consistent with the interpretation of inadequate nutrition. These materials are
also derived from non-cellulosic and non-vascular forms of plant biomass, high in lignin and, in the
case of bark, secondary plant compounds.
Termites exhibited even slower mortality on several other wood mulch products, yet this mortality
was still significantly higher than in the pine control (e.g., AllTreat Black Beauty, Red Devil,
Cypress Gold, Rustic Bark, and Canada Red and Hillview Cedar Mulch). It is difficult to interpret
the enhanced mortality in these cases as being due to an inadequacy of digestable cellulose, since
these products are substantially composed of wood chips (xylem tissue high in cellulose).
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Furthermore, since most of these materials are dyed or “color-enhanced”, the possibility seems to
exist that the dyeing material may lend a slight degree of toxicity to the products. But such
hypothetical toxic effects, in any case, are slight and the onset is very slow. One can assume that
this effect would be even less under field conditions where termites would be feeding on many wood
sources. Therefore what little suppressive effect might exist due to coloring agents might be so
diluted under field conditions as to have minimal effect.
A practical consideration must also enter the decision as to which products to recommend as suitable
in a termite management program. Some of the color-enhanced products induced no significant
depression of termite survival (i.e., Scotts Classic Black and Sierra Red) while others slightly
enhanced mortality. Since it would be impossible to distinguish in the field those that enhanced
mortality from those that do not, it would therefore be impossible to enforce which should or should
not be used. For this reason, some of the materials which did induce higher mortality than in the
control, still can not be recommended at this time for use in a municipal control program. Further
research is needed to clarify the longer term impact of termite feeding on such mulches under
choice-feeding conditions.
From a termite prevention standpoint, the most recommendable materials would be non-organic
ground covers such as sand, pea gravel, decorative stone and rubber mulch. Decorative gravel,
crushed stone, and stone products come in a wide array of particle sizes, colors and textures of both
natural and crushed stone. Such materials allow precipitation to move through to the soil, help to
prevent erosion, are long lasting, and inhibit weed growth. Non-organic materials are ideal for
garden paths and drives and help to prevent the tracking of mud. Although non-organic materials
hold little moisture themselves, by shading the soil and blocking air movement, they do help to
retain soil moisture.
Among the organic materials are included those which tend to be used as ground covers and those
that are used mainly as organic soil amendments. Cocoa shell mulch, pine bark nuggets, and pure
bark mulches are the only organic materials, among the tested materials, that can be recommended
for top mulching in termite infested areas. Sphagnum peat moss and roasted coffee bean chaff are
recommended as organic soil amending materials.
Cedar mulch, though believed by some to be termite resistant, can not be recommended. Also not
recommended are many products which have “bark” in the product name, because many such
products actually contain substantial quantities of wood chips in addition to the bark. Therefore,
only those bark products that are 100% bark, are likely to be termite resistant. See Table 2 for a list
of approved and non-approved top mulches and soil amendments for the City of Guelph‟s termite
control program.
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References:
American Society for Testing and Materials. 1999. Standard test method for laboratory evaluation of wood
and other cellulosic materials for resistance to termites. ASTM Book of Standards, Vol. 04.10,
D3345-74.
Myles, T. G. 2008. Termite Report 2007. Report to the City of Guelph, 103 pp.
Slaytor, M. 2000. Energy metabolism in the termite and its gut microbiota. In: T. Abe et al (eds.) Termites:
Evolution, Sociality, Symbioses, Ecology. 307-332. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands.
Snedecor, G. W. and W. G. Cochran. 1967. Statistical Methods, 6th Ed. Iowa State Univ. Press, Ames, Iowa.
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Table 2. Approved Top Mulch and Soil Amendment Materials
Manufacturer1 Product Name Outcome2 Use3
1 AllTreat 4 Seasons 100% Bark Mulch Approved TM
2 AllTreat Black Beauty Landscape Mulch Not
3 AllTreat Canada Red Bark Mulch Not
4 AllTreat Cocoa Shell Mulch Approved TM
5 AllTreat Cypress Gold Landscape Mulch Not
6 AllTreat Decorative Landscape Stone Approved TM
7 AllTreat Pine Bark Nuggets Approved TM
8 AllTreat Red Devil Landscape Mulch Not
9 AllTreat Rustic Bark Mulch Not
10 Hillview Cedar Mulch Not
11 Intl. Mulch Rubberific Mulch (Redwood) Approved TM
12 Nirom peat moss Approved SA
13 Planet Bean coffee bean husk Approved SA
14 Scotts Classic Black Color Enhanced Mulch Not
15 Scotts Sierra Red Color Enhanced Mulch Not
1Manufacturer's addresses or contact information:
AllTreat Farms Inc., 7963 Wellington Road 109, Arthur, ON N0G 1A1
Hillview (Nu-Gro Inc.), 10 Craig St., Brantford ON N3R 7J1
IMC (Intl. Mulch Corp.), One Mulch Lane, St. Louis, MO 63044
Nirom Peat Moss Inc., Riviere du Loup, Quebec GR5 3Z1
Planet Bean, 259 Grange Road, Unit 2, Guelph, ON N1E 6R5
Scotts Canada, www.scottscanada.com 1-800-543-TURF
2 See mulch test results at: http://guelph.ca > quick links > termites
3 TM = Top Mulch; SA = Soil Amendment
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Appendix 21.
Invasive Alien Species Partnership Program - Proposal Submission Form
Area-wide Management and Eradication of Invasive Subterranean Termite Infestations
2009IASPP1570
1. Proponent Information
1.1 Project Management Team and Contact Information a) Organization: City of Guelph b) Organization Description:
As the Termite Control Officer for the City of Guelph, my mandate is to contain, suppress, and hopefully eradicate termites from the City of Guelph. We are implementing an innovative, municipality-wide termite control program which incorporates monitoring, trapping, community participation, habitat elimination, bio-control, wood preservatives, and Trap-Treat-Release. These integrated methods have been demonstrated to achieve strong, area-wide suppression of termites while using only minute quantities of pesticide in contrast to conventional soil termiticide treatments which are very pesticide intensive. Although the proposed project is focused in Guelph, it is aimed at generating data and graphics which will be used for producing a strongly visual, web-based Powerpoint presentation which will communicate how similar projects could be initiated in the 30 other municipalities in Ontario, and others termite infested municipalities in Manitoba, Alberta and BC that also have invasive infestations of subterranean termites.
c) Principal Applicant:
Myles, Timothy [email protected]
P: 519-837-5615 ext 2840 F: 519-822-4632
d) Project Manager:
Myles, Timothy [email protected]
P: 519-837-5615 ext 2840 F: 519-822-4632
e) Address: Building Services, 1 Carden St. City of Guelph, ON N1H 3A1 f) Web Site Address: http://guelph.ca/ > quick links > termites
1.2 Organization Type: Government Agency or Crown Corporation (provincial/territorial/municipal)
1.3 Background
a) Experience: Starting in 1990, I directed the University of Toronto's Urban Entomology Program which had primary responsibility for conducting research on methods of colony-level control and a mandate to develop and implement area-wide control programs for the eastern subterranean termite in Ontario. This program raised over $2 million in funding from federal, provincial and municipal sources. I developed several innovative and environmentally friendly methods including sand barriers, biocontrol approaches, baiting and a novel method of delivering slow acting toxiciants directly to trapped termites, called Trap-Treat-Release (TTR). In large scale pilot projects of TTR in the cities of Toronto, Guelph and Pickering we were able to demonstrate block-wide termite control and apparent eradication on most blocks tested. Last year I accepted a position as the Termite Control Officer for the City of Guelph, with the objective of continuing this work to the point of municipality-wide termite eradication. At the same time I have also continued other municipal projects, for various municpalities with an ongoing active project in the City of Innisfil, the northernmost infested municipality in Ontario.
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b) Has your organization applied for IASPP funding in the past? No
c) Has your organization been a partner in or affiliated with other IASPP projects? No
2. Proposal Background
2.1 Location
a) Province/Territory in which the Project will be undertaken: Ontario
b) Project Target Area: The project will take place in the urban environment, and in this respect is probably different from most other invasive species projects. Termite infestations mainly occur in residential areas where they have access to wood frame houses. In Guelph there are three Termite Management Areas encompassing about 900 properties, of which half are buffer area and the other half comprise 20 blocks with known termite activity. Current known activity on active blocks is confined to about 150 properties.
2.2 Goal
a) Project Activity Areas b) Directly Addressed? c) % of Project
Prevention Yes 5
Detection Yes 5
Management Yes 90
Total: 100
2.3 Target Invasive Alien Species
a) What will be the focus of your project?
a) Project Species b) Directly Addressed? c) % of Project
Aquatic Invasive Species No 0
Terrestrial Invasive Species Yes 100
Total: 100
b) If applicable, list any specific invasive alien species that you will address in this project.
a) Species Name b) Species Type
2.4 Target Pathway(s) of Invasion
a) Species Type a) Type of Pathway Addressed by Project
Terrestrial Invasive Species In Ontario termites are dispersed almost solely by human movement of infested wood items which have previously been in soil contact. Examples are firewood, sheds, doghouses, flower buckets, cardboard
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boxes, infested lumber, etc. This will be addressed in the web site and educational report on the project.
3. Project Overview
3.1 Overview: Subterranean termites are the most destructive wood destroying insect pests of the urban environment in Canada. They are not native to Canada except in southern British Columbia. In Ontario there are over 30 municipalities that have introduced infestations. The City of Toronto is the most severely infested with well over a thousand infested blocks. However many other cities have smaller and more manageable infestations. The conventional control approach is chemically intensive and focused only on individual properties. Large amounts of toxic soil termiticide are used to saturate the soil around the base of the foundation creating a toxic barrier to keep termites out of the structure. Although this method uses large amount of pesticide, it does little to suppress the colony and nothing to prevent it from spreading. In contrast, the focus of this program is to control termites at the level of whole city blocks by using colony level control approaches. This project also integrates prevention, detection, monitoring, low-toxicity chemical methods, and biological methods. Finally, the project will generate educational materials about termite biology, ecology, and reproduction and provide guidelines which would allow homeowners and municipalities to implement similar eco-friendly, large-scale programs.
3.2 Project Rationale (Purpose): The general objectives are to demonstrate how various termite control methods can be used in an Integrated Pest Management approach for area-wide termite control, while minimizing pesticide application, leading to strong suppression or eradication at the level of city blocks. Two cities are currently under management, Guelph and Innisfil, with the objective of achieving termite eradication. This Partnership Program Project will continue focus exclusively on Guelph, with the intention of expanding to other partnering cities over time. It has already been demonstrated that block-wide colony eradication projects can achieve strong suppression of termites at the block-wide scale and that apparent eradication can be achieved on many blocks within a period of about three to five years. However, a new pesticide active is needed for the Trap-Treat-Release approach (earlier pilot projects utilized sulfluramid which is being phased out by 2012 in the US and is not registered in Canada). Lab tests have shown that zinc borate and disodium octaborate tetrahydrate (DOT) are low toxicity borate compound already registered in Canada which can be effective substitutes for sulfluramid. Furthermore, recent tests have shown that entomopathogenic nematodes are effective bio-control agents against subterranean termites. Zinc borate or DOT will be used as the new active in TTR for the first time this season. In addition, other management practices involving habitat identification and removal are also critically important. This is achieved through Yard Wood Management and organizing Yard Wood Cleanup Weekends during which all wood in soil contact is eliminated.
3.3 Communications Plan: The results will be communicated as final reports and Powerpoint presentation via municipal web sites, a Research Bulletin, and letters to termite infested municipalities. A good termite web page is already present for the City of Guelph at http://guelph.ca > quick links > termites. In addition the results will be communicated as a Research Bulletin for the University of Toronto, Cities Centre, which will also be posted online on the Centre for Urban and Community Studies (CUCS) website at http://www.urbancentre.utoronto.ca/. A letter will be sent to the Mayors and Councils of all known termite infested cities in Canada identifying these termite management and control resources.
3.4 Sustainability: Currently most infested municipalities, including Toronto, have no program in place to assist homeowners in dealing with the spreading plague of urban termite infestations. Homeowners tend to let the situation drift until severe infestation or the sale of a property triggers the necessity of conducting an expensive, individual property-specific chemical treatment which has no impact on the spreading infestation. Through demonstrating that there is a better approach, which greatly reduces the amount of chemical applied, and at the same time achieves larger scale and more long lasting control, the project will demonstrate how municipally funded and coordinated projects can implement block-wide projects to eradicate small infestations or to manage larger infestations. By communicating the steps and details of this area-wide approach to termite management, homeowners and municipalities will be provided with the necessary tools to control
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invasive termite infestations and thereby help to preserve municipal properties and the assessment value of the housing stock.
4. Work Plan
4.1 Activities
a) Activity Type c) How will this activity be carried
out? e) Start
date g)
Estimated % of total
project budget
h) Estimated
% of IASPP contribution b) Activity Description
d) What will the result of the activity be?
f) End date
1) Management Hire two summer technicians. Training for monitoring and colony level treatments with nematodes, and Trap-Treat-Release.
Approximately 3,000 field traps are installed and mapped. All traps need to be checked on at least a monthly basis, termite activity recorded, and trapped termites extracted and quantified. Trapped termites are treated and released. The numbers of active traps, and number of termites trapped are critical measures for assessing the efficacy of the colony level treatments.
Periodic monthly trap inspection of all managed properties is essential for the accumulation of data by which the termite dispersion pattern is tracked and the termite population size is monitored. The data must be accumulated for a full six month season from May through the end of October. This data is compared year by year and on a block- wide basis.
2009-05-01 2009-10-30
34 % 0 %
2) Prevention, Management Spring & Fall Nematode Treatments
A letter is sent to all properties with activity asking them to sign an authorization and release to conduct a nematode treatment. The treatments are scheduled for morning or evening. Nematodes are ordered weekly to ensure freshness. Treatments are conducted daily until all scheduled properties are completed. Treatments are done in with watering can in vicinity of known structural activity, trap activity, or termite habitat. This must be done during periods of milder temperatures, thus spring and fall. The spring treatment will be done in May through mid June and the fall treatment from September through mid October.
Large scale simultaneous treatment
2009-05-01 2009-10-31
18 % 38 %
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of the termite population by a entomopathic nematodes provides periodic population suppression. We are still in the early stages of measuring the efficacy of this action on field populations.
3) Prevention, Management Boron Rod Installation in Fence Posts
Under the municipal termite bylaw all wood posts or other wood in soil contact are required to be removed or made termite resistant. Residents in known active properties are contacted to inform them that their fence posts or wood retaining walls need to be treated to resist termites. A time for this is scheduled. Licensed applicators use a heavy duty electric drill to drill 3/8" holes into the base of each post. The boron rod is inserted and plugged by hammering in a wood dowel. The number of rods installed per property is recorded. Approximately 1,000 additional rods will be installed during 2009.
Boron rods are a low toxicity method of wood preservation and insect deterence for exterior wood in soil contact. Fence posts and wood retaining walls provide one of the main food and nesting resources for termites in the suburban environment. The boron diffuses from the rods into the wood at ground level. Termites consuming boron-treated wood die, thus preventing treated wood from being colonized by termites.
2009-05-01 2009-11-28
8 % 18 %
4) Management Obtain research permit for Zinc Borate (ZB) or Disodium Octoborate Tetrahydrate (DOT ) and conduct Trap-Treat-Release (TTR) treatments using trapped termites.
Lab studies have shown that ZB or DOT can serve as an adequate substitute for sulfluramid as the active in TTR for termite control. This method entails the use of very minute quantities of active (e.g. 1 mg/100,000 termites) which is applied directly to the cuticle of trapped termites in combination with resin so as to produce a dry crust on the treated termite that untreated termites will groom off and ingest. Thus the trapped termites are used as vectors to deliver the active to the rest of the colony.
This will be the first field season using ZB or DOT as a substitute for sulfluramid. We will be able to
2009-06-01 2009-10-31
8 % 0 %
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compare the efficacy of TTR with a borate versus TTR with sulfluramid.
5) Prevention, Detection, Management Digital photo documentation of all phases of control program including and photo- and video-microscopy
The various steps of the control program need to be photo documented for educational purposes. These steps include construction of traps, installation of traps, inspection of traps, extraction of termites, treatment of termites, release of treated termites, application of entompathogenic nematodes, yard wood inspections, yard wood clean up and disposal. In addition, it would be very desirable to record the microscopic details of termite social interactions and nematode infection. The project has two microscopes, including a dissecting and compound microscope. However the compound scope is an older version with poor optics and neither is properly set up for digital or video microscopy. The project has no funding for the equipment purchase upgrades that are desired so that the graphic details of entomopathogenic nematode infection can be recorded and graphically communicated. Thus a compound microscope upgrade with digital camera and video attachments is requested for the program. This will also allow for recording other aspects of termite biology and ecology, grooming behaviour, food exchange and transmission of intestinal protozoa, which help to demonstrate the behaviours which allow Trap-Treat-Release to be effective.
The photo and video documentation of the Area wide Termite Management protocols and relevant details of termite biology, behaviour, ecology and reproduction will be used to develop a highly visual Powerpoint Presentation which shows step by step the procedures involved at the macro-scale and the behavioural and ecological processes at the micro-scale.
2009-06-01 2009-11-30
10 % 22 %
6) Prevention, Management Organize Yard Wood Management Cleanup
The Management Areas will be divided into northern and southern halves. In the northern half the Yard Wood Cleanup Weekend will be
2009-07-01 2009-08-28
11 % 0 %
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Weekends scheduled in July, and the southern half the Yard Wood Cleanup Weekend will be scheduled sometime during August. Prior to each scheduled weekend each yard will be surveyed for yard wood, including wood chip mulch, edging boards, retaining walls, firewood, scrap lumber, etc. and each resident given a sketch of their yard showing which items should be removed to eliminate termite habitat. Although this can be ordered under the bylaw, greater cooperation is achieved, by requesting voluntary participation. Residents help each other to remove yard wood to designated rental bins during the scheduled weekend. The disposed wood must be land-filled due to the possibility of termites in the material. There are significant costs associated with bin rental and tipping fees.
Because this activity is a community project it greatly raises neighbourhood awareness of the local termite problem. Because it is voluntary it tends to enlist people as community participants and meets very little resistance. A huge amount of voluntary manpower can be harnessed. Cost of re- landscaping is picked up by residents. They each pitch in to reduce their own vulnerability and at the same time reduce termite risk for the neighbourhood.
7) Prevention, Detection, Management Create Powerpoint Presentation: "Guidelines for Area-Wide Management of Subterranean Termites" and post to website.
Using the digital photographs and images captured over the season in the field and lab components of the project, a detailed Powerpoint Presentation will be constructed. This will be approximately 25 to 30 frames in length. Of critical importance will be the microscopic video footage of nematode parasitism and life cycle development in the termites. Microscopic video footage will also show other aspects of termite behaviour and ecology.
This will provide the educational component of the project which cover prevention, detection, and management. It will provide a step-
2009-09-01 2009-12-18
11 % 22 %
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by- step protocols, designed to assist homeowners and residents of other termite infested municipalities across Canada in dealing with invasive populations of subterranean termites.
Total: 100 % 100 %
4.2 Multi-year Project a) Is this project a multi-year project? No
4.3 Environmental Responsibility: The primary purpose of the project is to achieve large scale (block wide termite population reduction or eradication). An important secondary purpose of the program is achieve the primary purpose while also greatly reducing the amount of pesticide that would otherwise need to be used to treat individual properties with soil termiticide. Nematode treatments are a biological alternative to insecticide treatment. Currently there are no federal restrictions on the use of nematodes in Canada (personal communication, Regional Manager PMRA). Impel boron rods have long been available in Canada, for exterior wood treatment. A research permit for use of ZB or DOT as the active in TTR will be obtained from PMRA, no difficult is anticipated since both ZB and DOT are already registered in Canada as a wood preservative in Boroguard, BluWood, TimBor and other products. The project will be submitted for review by the Ontario Ministry of Environment (Mr. Geoff Cutten, Hazardous Contaminants Branch).
5. Project Support
a) Organization / Name c) $
Value (Cash)
d) $ Value (In-
kind) e) Total
f) Confirmed?
g) Date to be
received? b) Description and valuation of
support offered
City of Guelph Termite Control Budget
25,000 0 25,000 Yes 2009-01-01
City of Guelph Termite Control Officer Salary
70,000 0 70,000 Yes 2009-01-01
Total: 95,000 0 95,000
6. Project Budget
a) Expense category c) Amount
requested from
IASPP
Supporting Funds f) Total Amount (IASPP + Support)
b) Detailed description and valuation based on personnel or equipments rates
d) Cash Amount
e) In-kind Amount
Human Resource Expenses Termite Control Officer Salary Date to be incurred: 2009-01-01
0 70,000 0 70,000
Human Resource Expenses 1 Field technician, 35 hrs/wk, 16 wks @ $11/hr = $6,160.00 1 Field technician, 35 hrs/wk, 24 wks @ $12/hr =
0 16,240 0 16,240
- 95 -
$10,080.00 Date to be incurred: 2009-05-04 This is a date sensitive expenditure
Travel and Field Expenses Yard Wood Cleanup weekends, Bin Rental and Delivery charges for 20 bins = $4,000 tipping fees = $1000 Date to be incurred: 2009-07-31 This is a date sensitive expenditure
0 5,000 0 5,000
Materials and Supplies Entomopathogenic Nematodes 100,000,000 nematodes @ $32.50/property X 130 active properties = $4,225 X 2 treatments (spring and fall) = $8,450 purchased from Koppert Biological Systems at discount Date to be incurred: 2009-05-01
8,450 0 0 8,450
Materials and Supplies Impel boron rods, 1000 rods and dowels @ $4.00 each = $4,000.00 Date to be incurred: 2009-04-01
4,000 0 0 4,000
Materials and Supplies Cardboard, plywood and pipe for traps = $2,000 Miscellaneous supplies $1,760 Date to be incurred: 2009-04-01
0 3,760 0 3,760
Equipment Purchase Microscopes digital photo & video camera attachments VWR Vista Vision trinocular stereo microscope with boom stand $4,080.00 USD X 1.2 = $4,896.00 C$ VWR Vista Vision trinocular compound microsope $2,860.00 USD X 1.2 = $3,432.00 C$ VWR Microscope digital still and video camera, $1,350.00 USD X 1.2 = $1,620 Date to be incurred: 2009-05-01
9,948 0 0 9,948
Total: 22,398 95,000 0 117,398
7. Signature