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Pre‐Feasibility Report
for
“Inland Water Transportation for Passenger and Ro‐Ro
Services in Vasai Creek‐Ulhas River including
Construction of 10 Terminals, consisting of Ro‐Ro Jetty,
Shore Protection if required, Terminal Building, Parking
Area, Utilities, Bunkering and Fuelling Centres, Banking
and Recreational Facilities, Restaurants and Rest Areas
including other Passenger Amenities”
by
Thane Municipal Corporation
Prepared by
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Table of Contents
1. Brief Summary ........................................................................................................................ 5
2. Introduction to the Project ..................................................................................................... 5
2.1. Project Proponent ............................................................................................................ 6
2.2. Brief Description of Project .............................................................................................. 6
2.3. Need of the Project .......................................................................................................... 7
3. Project Description ................................................................................................................. 9
3.1. Project Location .............................................................................................................. 10
3.2. Raw Materials ................................................................................................................. 12
3.3. Workforce ....................................................................................................................... 12
3.4. Water Requirements ...................................................................................................... 12
3.5. Wastewater Generation and Management ................................................................... 12
3.6. Solid Waste Generation and Management .................................................................... 12
3.7. Energy Requirements ..................................................................................................... 13
4. Site Analysis .......................................................................................................................... 13
4.1. Land Use and Land Cover ............................................................................................... 13
4.2. Climate ........................................................................................................................... 13
4.3. Temperature .................................................................................................................. 13
4.4. Wind and Humidity ........................................................................................................ 13
4.5. Rainfall ............................................................................................................................ 14
4.6. Social Infrastructure and Connectivity ........................................................................... 14
4.7. Eco‐Sensitive Zone and Critically Polluted Area ............................................................. 15
4.8. Site Specific Details ........................................................................................................ 18
4.8.1. Vasai Fort ................................................................................................................ 18
4.8.2. Jasal Park (Mira Bhayandar).................................................................................... 18
4.8.3. Ghodbunder ............................................................................................................ 19
4.8.4. Nagla Bunder ........................................................................................................... 20
4.8.5. Kolshet .................................................................................................................... 20
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4.8.6. Bhiwandi (Kalher) .................................................................................................... 21
4.8.7. Parsik Bunder .......................................................................................................... 22
4.8.8. Bhiwandi (Anjurdive) .............................................................................................. 22
4.8.9. Dombivli .................................................................................................................. 23
4.8.10. Kalyan .................................................................................................................. 24
5. Project Schedule and Cost Estimate ..................................................................................... 24
5.1. Capital Cost ..................................................................................................................... 25
5.2. Cost of Dredging ............................................................................................................. 26
5.3. Maintenance Cost .......................................................................................................... 26
6. Conclusion ............................................................................................................................. 26
List of Tables
Table 3.1: Geographical locations of the proposed sites ............................................................. 10
Table 3.2: General Information ..................................................................................................... 11
Table 3.3: Details of Municipal Waste .......................................................................................... 12
Table 4.1: List of the Bridges and Structures ................................................................................ 15
Table 4.2: Aerial Distance and Direction from ESZs and Critically Polluted Area ......................... 16
Table 5.1: Onshore Cost ................................................................................................................ 25
Table 5.2: Offshore Cost ............................................................................................................... 25
List of Figures
Figure 2.1: Map of Vasai Creek‐Ulhas River Route ......................................................................... 6
Figure 3.1: Locations of the proposed sites .................................................................................. 11
Figure 4.1: Map showing the Eco‐Sensitive Zones ....................................................................... 17
Figure 4.2: Proposed Project Site at Vasai Fort ............................................................................ 18
Figure 4.3: Proposed Project Site at Jasal Park (Mira Bhayandar) ............................................... 19
Figure 4.4: Proposed Project Site at Ghodbunder ........................................................................ 19
Figure 4.5: Proposed Project Site at Nagla Bunder....................................................................... 20
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Figure 4.6: Proposed Project Site at Kolshet ................................................................................ 21
Figure 4.7: Proposed Project Site at Bhiwandi (Kalher) ................................................................ 21
Figure 4.8: Proposed Project Site at Parsik Bunder ...................................................................... 22
Figure 4.9: Proposed Project Site at Bhiwandi (Anjurdive) .......................................................... 23
Figure 4.10: Proposed Project Site at Dombivli ............................................................................ 23
Figure 4.11: Proposed Project Site at Kalyan ................................................................................ 24
Annexure
Layout Plan of the proposed sites
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1. BRIEF SUMMARY
The Government of Maharashtra plans to develop water transport in the Vasai Creek‐Ulhas
River connecting Vasai, Mira‐Bhayandar and Kalyan at the cost of Rs. 501 crore with an aim to
ease congestion in the Mumbai Metropolitan Region (MMR) and to reduce stress on the land
environment. Thane Municipal Corporation (TMC) is the nodal agency for development of the
inland water transportation in Vasai Creek‐Ulhas River (National Waterway 53) including
passengers’ Roll on‐Roll off (Ro‐Ro) services along with associated facilities and amenities. The
proposed jetties/terminals are to be constructed in 10 locations in the MMR. Three types of
terminals are proposed along the Vasai Creek‐Ulhas River which is 54 km long. Some of the
passenger jetties are designed to handle Ro‐Ro vessels which carry passengers as well as
vehicles.
Average travel time between Vasai and Kalyan including boarding and alighting will be 70
minutes. It is a socially beneficial project and would reduce environmental pollution, create job
opportunities and save commuting time by shifting load from the presently congested road to
the waterways.
The proposed constructions involve setting‐up of the terminal building, covered waiting area
for passengers, parking spaces, sewage treatment plant, central administration building,
canteen building/food court/stalls, electrical sub‐station & switchyard, service buildings,
driver’s shelter house, staff hostel, permanent staff quarters, security cabins and compound
wall. Three types of terminals (type I, type II and type III) are proposed in the Vasai Creek‐Ulhas
River. Ulhas River harbors mangrove habitat in some segments. Sites for construction of
terminals will be selected without disturbing mangrove vegetation.
Sanjay Gandhi National Park, Thane Creek Wildlife Sanctuary and Tungareshwar Wildlife
Sanctuary, the Eco‐Sensitive Zones declared by MoEFCC, are within 10 km radius from the
proposed project sites. Dombivli industrial area is one of the critically polluted areas declared
by CPCB and this area also comes within 10 km radius from the proposed site at Dombivli and
Kalyan.
2. INTRODUCTION TO THE PROJECT
Water transport is the cheapest and the most environmentally attractive mode of transport. It
is encouraged by proactive governments for the transportation of men and material to cope up
with increasing environmental pollution. Accordingly, Inland Waterways Authority of India
(IWAI) has taken the important decision of nationalizing 111 waterways all over India.
Maharashtra coastline of 720 km with an extensive network of creeks, rivers, canals, and lakes
has 2 major ports and 48 minor ports. Greater Mumbai, Thane, Palghar, Raigad, Ratnagiri and
Sindhudurg are the 6 coastal districts in Maharashtra. Thane Municipal Corporation (TMC) has
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taken up the Vasai Creek‐Ulhas River (National Waterway 53) for development of the
passengers and Ro‐Ro Services. The waterway once developed would ensure comfortable
transit of personnel and bulk movement of cargo (in future) far inland without affecting the
present road traffic. The map of the Vasai Creek–Ulhas River is illustrated in Figure 2.1.
2.1. PROJECT PROPONENT
Thane city in Maharashtra is situated on the banks of the Thane creek (Extension of Vasai
creek). Since ancient times, Thane creek has not only given natural protection but also provided
transportation facilities for large and small ships. Thane city has always been working to
promote local and international trade.
Thane Municipal Corporation (TMC) was established on October 1, 1982. Since 1982 TMC has
undertaken a number of projects and schemes for the development of the city, out of which,
transportation related projects have always been in the forefront. With a view to improving
transportation facilities for the people, TMC in association with IWAI wishes to establish 10
jetties/terminals along the Vasai Creek‐Ulhas River.
2.2. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT
The proposed project involves the construction of the following structures:
i. Jetty terminal building (with embarking & disembarking facilities)
ii. Covered waiting area for passengers
iii. Central administration building
iv. Canteen building/food court/stalls
v. Electrical sub‐station & switchyard
Figure 2.1: Map of Vasai Creek‐Ulhas River Route
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vi. Service buildings (workshop, fire station, telephone exchange, emergency medical
center, post office)
vii. Driver’s shelter house
viii. Staff hostel
ix. Permanent staff quarters
x. Security cabins
xi. Compound wall
xii. Sewage Treatment Plant
The proposed jetties are to be constructed at 10 locations in Mumbai Metropolitan Region.
Planned jetty facilities are presented below.
Following facilities are considered for Vasai Fort, Jasal Park, Ghodbunder, Nagla Bunder,
Bhiwandi (Kalher), Parsik Bunder, Bhiwandi (Anjurdive), Dombivli and Kalyan:
1. Area of Terminal Building 437.58 sq. m.
2. Parking Area 310 sq. m.
3. Area of approach bund 2880 sq. m.
4.Other facilities at Terminal Building and on the
approach bund
Security Cabin = 8.75 sq. m.
Septic Tank = 8.75 sq. m.
For Kolshet:
1. Area of Terminal Building 437.58 sq. m.
2. Parking Area 310 sq. m.
3. Area of approach bund 2880 sq. m.
4. Other facilities at Terminal Building and on the
approach bund
Water Tank = 32 sq. m.
Septic Tank = 10.64 sq. m.
Pump Room = 48.84 sq. m.
Sub‐station = 89.49 sq. m.
Collection Tank = 4.20 sq. m.
Security Cabin = 25 sq. m.
Additionally, Kolshet site will also have a Boat Repair Yard for servicing of vessels, which will
operate in Vasai Creek‐Ulhas River.
2.3. NEED OF THE PROJECT
In Maharashtra, there are 35 creeks and rivers which flow deep into the landmass hinterland.
These creeks and rivers have a vast potential for vessel traffic movement and are largely under‐
utilized thus far, due to lack of infrastructure for inland movement of passengers and cargo.
Development of these creeks and rivers will help in diversion of a part of road and rail traffic to
the waterways. This will lead to decongestion of road and rail routes and will aid in efficient
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utilization of the waterways bestowed by the nature especially near the busy suburbs of
Mumbai, apart from reducing pollution.
There are various creeks originating from the sea and stretching up to a length of 10 to 150 km
into the hinterland and merging in the various rivers. Majority of these creeks lie in the hilly
terrains of Konkan region. This region is water affluent and the creeks have good draught
available mostly throughout the year to support navigation of vessels. Hence, the creeks can act
as an alternate route for movement of passengers and cargo to nearby destinations especially
for the habitation and industries located along the river/creek banks. There is large‐scale
industrialization and urbanization along the segments of the Ulhas River, which may prompt
number of organizations to opt for moving their cargo through the waterways. This is because
the roads are highly congested as the industries fall in the contiguity of densely populated
cities. The waterways will also provide an alternate mode of travel to the population staying in
the cities served by the Ulhas River. Additionally, the cargo from JNPT and Mumbai Ports, in
form of containers, project cargo and over dimensional cargo can also be conveniently diverted
to the waterways with least intrusions in road transport. Hence, if this creek is properly
developed, it shall unveil the underutilized potential of a cheap, efficient, low pollution mode of
transport.
The Non‐Major ports have a large number of passenger jetties where about 18 million
passengers transit annually on an average. Some of the passenger jetties are designed to
handle Ro‐Ro vessels which carry passengers as well as vehicles. The Ro‐Ro facilities are
operating in Rajpuri creek, Bankot creek (Savitri river), Dabhol creek (Vashishti river) and Jaigad
creek (Shashtri river). All the passenger jetties fall under the jurisdiction of the Maharashtra
Maritime Board (MMB).
Additionally there is existing fair‐weather ferry service for passengers from the Gateway of
India to Mandwa Jetty. Even JNPT has a regular ferry service from the Gateway of India. The
scope of these services could be enlarged to include Passenger ferry service where the
passenger cars and motorcycles could be handled along with the traveling passengers. This way
the last mile connectivity need of the passengers could be reduced to a large extent.
The full exploitation of the available waterways has not happened so far due to the following
shortcomings:
1. Regularity of service
2. Last mile connectivity
3. Waterway network
4. Lack of infrastructure for handling cargo and passengers from same terminal
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However, with better understanding and awareness for harnessing the capability of the
waterway and utilizing it for the common good of the people especially in an area like Mumbai
would not be a very difficult task.
3. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The proposed project of Inland Water Transport in Vasai Creek and Ulhas River will require
Environmental Clearance for Category ‘A’ from MoEFCC due to the presence of 3 Eco‐Sensitive
Zones (Sanjay Gandhi National Park, Tungareshwar Wildlife Sanctuary, Thane Creek Wildlife
Sanctuary) and CRZ Clearance from the Maharashtra Coastal Zone Management Authority
(MCZMA).
The length of the creek along the inland water transport route where the proposed jetties are
to be constructed is 54 km. Three types of the terminal are proposed in the Vasai Creek‐Ulhas
River. They are given below.
i. Upgradation of the existing sloping Jetties and with minimum infrastructure for enabling
operation would be known as Type I terminal. These can serve the immediate
requirements as per availability of tide, however the same will need to be modified or
reconstructed to account for all round operations at all stages of the tide.
ii. The type II terminal would consist of locations where Ro‐Ro service would be provided
with better facilities and infrastructure
iii. Type III terminals would have facilities to handle cargo (in future) along with passengers.
a) Type– I Terminals
These are minor terminals envisaged to cater to the local passengers. These terminals would
offer minimum facilities for passengers to travel with or without light motor vehicles. This is up‐
gradation of the existing terminals and facilities with additions for the comfort and operations
of the terminals. The facilities at the terminal would include the following.
i. Sloping Jetty
ii. Terminal Building for the ticketing and attendance services
iii. Supervisors and ticket checking offices
iv. Passenger waiting area
v. Parks and ATMs
vi. Connecting transport to the City
vii. Lighting and signaling facility for night operations
viii. Storage for life‐saving gear
b) Type – II Terminals
These are full‐fledged operational terminals with additional facilities for,
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i. Direct roll on and roll off passenger vehicles
ii. Small cargo carrying vehicles
iii. Amusement parks
iv. Kids Zone
v. Restaurants and malls
vi. Banks and ATMs
vii. Integrated connectivity
c) Type – III Terminals
Type III Terminals will be with facilities to handle cargo (in future) along with passengers and
will mainly cater for the following:
i. Terminal Building for the ticketing and attendance services
ii. Supervisors and ticket checking offices
iii. Passenger waiting area
iv. Parks and ATMs
v. Lighting and signaling facility for night operations
vi. Direct roll on and roll off passenger vehicles
vii. Small cargo carrying vehicles
viii. Amusement parks
ix. Kids Zone
x. Restaurants and malls
xi. Integrated connectivity
xii. Warehousing facility
xiii. Parking for trucks, cargo vehicles
xiv. Weighbridge
Layout plans and cross sections of the sites are given in Annexure I.
3.1. PROJECT LOCATION
Geographical coordinates of the sites of the project are given in Table 3.1.
Table 3.1: Geographical locations of the proposed sites
Sr. No. Jetty Sites Geographical Co‐ordinates
Latitude Longitude
1 Vasai Fort 19° 19' 45.84'' N 72° 49' 10.2936'' E
2 Jasal Park (Mira‐Bhayandar) 19° 19' 3.7884'' N 72° 51' 26.7408'' E
3 Ghodbunder 19° 17' 36.1212'' N 72° 53' 30.9048'' E
4 Nagla Bunder 19° 17' 40.506'' N 72° 56' 56.2128'' E
5 Kolshet 19° 14' 42.2808'' N 72° 59' 52.6092'' E
6 Bhiwandi (Kalher) 19° 14' 48.9552'' N 73° 0' 13.3164'' E
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Sr. No. Jetty Sites Geographical Co‐ordinates
Latitude Longitude
7 Parsik Bunder 19° 12' 48.5568'' N 73° 0' 51.2604'' E
8 Bhiwandi (Anjurdive) 19° 13' 14.07'' N 73° 0' 53.748'' E
9 Dombivli (Thakurli Village) 19° 13' 37.9956'' N 73° 4' 4.6308'' E
10 Kalyan 19° 14' 38.4576'' N 73° 7' 2.1972'' E
These coordinates may undergo changes as detailed investigations are conducted. However,
the final coordinates will be included in the EIA. The locations of the proposed jetties are shown
in Figure 3.1.
General information about the proposed project is given in Table 3.2.
Table 3.2: General Information
Sr. No. Particulars Details
1 Distance along the Route 25 Nautical Miles
2 Average Travel Time 70 min (including boarding and alighting)
3 No. of Transport Hub 1
4 Estimated Passenger Demand (Peak Hour) 13,500
5 Estimation of Passengers to be Served 2880
6 Carrying Capacity of the Boat 60
7 Vessels Required 48
Figure 3.1: Locations of the proposed sites
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3.2. RAW MATERIALS
Sand, brick, rubbles, stones of various sizes, cement, reinforcement, soil, structural steel etc.
will be used for construction purpose as per requirement.
3.3. WORKFORCE
About 30 persons per terminal would be deployed for construction and 20 persons for the
operation of each terminal. There will be other associated activities as suggested above
including recreational facilities, fuel centers, eateries etc.
3.4. WATER REQUIREMENTS
During construction phase water would be brought in tankers or by water barges. Total water
requirement will be approximately 150 liters per day (LD) per site for 50 persons out of which
60 LD will be used for the domestic purpose and 90 LD will be used for flushing.
There would be a dedicated water supply scheme and would be managed without affecting the
local supply.
During operation phase water would be brought through local municipal supply and tanker
water, based on the need and the market dynamics. In any case, the terminals are owned by
the Municipal bodies.
3.5. WASTEWATER GENERATION AND MANAGEMENT
During the construction phase, the wastewater generation mainly consists of sanitary waste
and sewage from workers. Mobile toilets will be provided in order to manage the wastewater.
During operation phase, the entire wastewater (majorly sewage and sanitary waste) generated
from the sites will be recycled and reused for non‐potable purposes.
3.6. SOLID WASTE GENERATION AND MANAGEMENT
Details of municipal waste (domestic and/or commercial wastes) for all terminals are given in
Table 3.3.
Table 3.3: Details of Municipal Waste
Construction Phase
Bio‐degradable 2700 kg/day
Non‐biodegradable 12000 kg/day
Total 14700 Kg/day
Operation Phase
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Bio‐degradable 5600 kg/day
Non‐biodegradable 3000 kg/day
Total 8600 kg/day
During construction and operation phase, solid waste will be collected, segregated and handed
over to the local body or authorized vendor for reuse and safe disposal.
3.7. ENERGY REQUIREMENTS
The energy requirements would be minimal. It is for the lighting, and terminal operations. Total
requirements for the entire terminal together may not exceed 20 MW. It will be taken from the
State’s grid. The other fuel is for the ferries which would be partly by solar energy and partly by
fossil fuels. The quantity would depend on the trips and demand shift of the local population.
A standby generator (Diesel Generator) will be installed on the jetty providing sufficient power
for basic lighting and operation of the linkspan and also as a backup in case of power failure.
4. SITE ANALYSIS
4.1. LAND USE AND LAND COVER
This region has different land use/land cover categories like vegetation, mangroves, mudflats,
saltpan, rocky outcrop area, sand and water bodies. Mangroves are one of the most valuable
coastal resources in this region. Urban built‐up areas cover the majority of the coastal plains.
4.2. CLIMATE
The climate of the project region is subtropical and characterized by high humidity throughout
the year, an oppressive summer followed by well distributed and heavy rainfall during the
southwest monsoon season. The mean daily maximum temperature is 32.9°C and mean daily
minimum temperature at 26.8°C. The place experiences the onset of the monsoon in the month
of June to September with an average rainfall of 1500 mm to 2000 mm.
4.3. TEMPERATURE
In January during the winter season, the mean variation in temperature is about 20.0°C. The
northern portions of the basin experience lower temperatures than the southern. April is
generally the hottest month of the summer and January is the coldest month. The mean max
temperature over the region varies from 15.69°C to 30°C. In the monsoon and post‐monsoon
seasons, mean temperatures are moderate in the range of 22°C to 27.5°C.
4.4. WIND AND HUMIDITY
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The average relative humidity varies from 67% to 86% in this region. An increase in the
humidity levels by nearly 2% especially during the day whereas 3% decrease in the evening with
the variations remaining more or less the consistent with no specific trend identified over the
years. However, it was observed, that the wind speed showed a sudden and sharp decrease
from 12 km/hr to 6.5 km/hr in four decades.
4.5. RAINFALL
The creek sites come under the direct influence of the southwest monsoon and receive heavy
and assured rainfall between June and August. The southwest monsoon rainfall is usually very
heavy with 90% of the rainfall occurring from June to November.
The highest annual rainfall recorded in the Vasai Creek region in the year 1993 was 2444.42 mm
whereas minimum annual rainfall was recorded as 1364.51 mm in the year 1972.
The communities have experienced an increased rainfall along with a prominent delay in its
onset.
4.6. SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND CONNECTIVITY
Panju Island is a village located in the middle of the creek at a distance of nearly 500 meters
from the mainland on the right bank. A large part of the area of the village is swampy and
mostly covered with mangroves. More than 1,300 people, the majority of whom are fishermen,
live on the island. Their residences are mostly confined to the dry patches of the island.
Densely populated Mira‐Bhayandar Municipal Corporation is located on the left bank of the
creek. The area has the required infrastructure with low‐level industrialization. Sopara creek, a
small water flow from Pelhar lake area meets the Vasai creek near the railway track. Gaimukh
gaon is a village located near the state highway SH 48 on the left bank of the creek.
Bharati Defence and Infrastructure Limited shipyard are located just downstream of the state
highway bridge (spread over 12 acres of land) across the creek near Ghodbunder village. It is
equipped with four slipways for building ships up to 125 m length.
Reti Bunder is just beside the shipyard towards Vasai end. The banks of the creek from Bharati
Shipyard to Bhayandar pada near Gaimukh gaon is covered with mangroves. Construction of
residential and industrial complexes is in full flow in the area.
The proposed jetty at Dombivli is 2 km from Dombivli Railway Station and 1 km from Reti
Bunder bus stop.
NH 222 is very near to the proposed location at Kalyan. Kala Talao and Kalyan Dombivli
Municipal Corporation (KDMC) Bhoiwada Lake are within 1.5 km from the proposed jetty at
Kalyan.
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Bridges and other cross structures: List of the bridges and structures that would be
encountered as one move from Vasai entrance to Kalyan along the creek is given in Table 4.1.
Table 4.1: List of the Bridges and Structures
Sr. No. Name/Type of Construction Sr. No. Name/Type of Construction
1 Old Railway Bridge (Panju Island) 11 Pipeline near old Agra road Bridge
2 New Railway Bridge‐1 (Mira Bhayandar)
12 Bhiwandi Road Bridge
3 New Railway Bridge‐2(Mira Bhayandar)
13 Parsik‐Reti Bunder Road
4 Power Transmission line (Ranuja Ramdev Park)
14 Power Transmission line near water Pipeline bridge
5 Ghodbunder Old Road Bridge 15 Ganesh Ghat Water Pipeline
6 Ghodbunder New Road Bridge 16 Power Transmission line near Reti bunder
7 Power transmission lines near Ghodbunder Road Bridge
17 Vasai Diva Railway Line
8 Power transmission lines near Bangla Pada
18 Old Road Bridge
9 Old Agra Road Bridge 19 New Road Bridge
10 Pipe Line cum Road Bridge
4.7. ECO‐SENSITIVE ZONE AND CRITICALLY POLLUTED AREA
Sanjay Gandhi National Park, Thane Creek Wildlife Sanctuary and Tungareshwar Wildlife
Sanctuary are within 10 km radius from the proposed sites for construction of jetties.
Eco‐Sensitive Zones (ESZs) are areas notified by the Ministry of Environment, Forests and
Climate Change (MoEFCC), Government of India around Protected Areas, National
Parks and Wildlife Sanctuaries. The purpose of declaring ESZs is to create some kind of “shock
absorbers” to the protected areas by regulating and managing the activities around such areas.
They also act as a transition zone from areas of high protection to areas involving lesser
protection.
The Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) has developed a Comprehensive Environmental
Pollution Index (CEPI). CPCB has done a nation‐wide environmental assessment of Industrial
Clusters based on CEPI and 43 such industrial clusters having CEPI greater than 70, on a scale of
0 to 100, has been identified as critically polluted.
The data refers to the Comprehensive Environmental Pollution Index (CEPI) scores of the
critically polluted industrial clusters/areas. The index captures the various dimensions of the
environment including air, water and land.
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Dombivli industrial area is one of the critically polluted areas declared by CPCB and this area
comes within 10 km radius from the proposed site at Dombivli.
Distances of the proposed sites from these Eco‐Sensitive Zones and Critically Polluted Area are
given in Table 4.2. and the map is given in Figure 4.1.
Table 4.2: Aerial Distance and Direction from ESZs and Critically Polluted Area
Sr. No.
Site Name Sanjay Gandhi National Park
Thane Creek WLS
Tungareshwar WLS
Dombivli Critically
Polluted Area
1 Vasai Jetty ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐
2 Jasal Park (Mira Bhayandar)
4.7 Km (SE) ‐ ‐ ‐
3 Ghodbunder 200 m (S) ‐ ‐ ‐
4 Nagla Bunder 1.2 Km (SW) ‐ 2.4 Km (N)
5 Kolshet 2.4 Km (W) ‐ ‐ ‐
6 Bhiwandi (Kalher) 3 Km (W) ‐ ‐ ‐
7 Bhiwandi (Anjurdive)
4.6 Km (NW) 2.8 Km (SW)
‐ ‐
8 Parsik Bunder ‐ 2.5 Km (W) ‐ ‐
9 Dombivli (Thakurli Village)
‐ ‐ ‐ 2.8 Km (SE)
10 Kalyan ‐ ‐ ‐ 2.5 Km (S)
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Figure 4.1: Map showing the Eco‐Sensitive Zones
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4.8. SITE‐SPECIFIC DETAILS
4.8.1. VASAI FORT
Approximately 12‐15 m wide area on both sides of the jetty in the inter‐tidal zone can be used
with the approvals from the Maharashtra Maritime Board (MMB) and the Archaeological
Survey of India (ASI), for terminal building and other facilities. Some mangroves could be seen
on both sides of MMB jetty. The nearest road from the proposed jetty is Killa Road. The
proposed project site is illustrated in Figure 4.2.
4.8.2. JASAL PARK (MIRA BHAYANDAR)
The proposed jetty is located near Jasal Park, east of the railway bridge on south bank (Figure
4.3). Currently, boats are available for a local cruise which operate based on the time on the
tidal prism. There is a public park beside the proposed terminal and likely to serve the
passenger amenities well. Though 2‐3 road approaches are available, they are mostly narrow
and often congested. One new road is under construction and is likely to be better than the
existing roads.
Figure 4.2: Proposed Project Site at Vasai Fort
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4.8.3. GHODBUNDER
Reclaimed land of about 2‐acre is available at Reti Bunder near Ghodbunder village, which is
just right for the development of a passenger terminal or Ro‐Ro terminal. Adequate depths are
available near the site. This proposed location is well connected with Ghodbunder road, Thane
and adjacent to NH 8 also called Western Express highway. There are open land parcels are also
available near the proposed location. The proposed project site is illustrated in Figure 4.4.
Figure 4.3: Proposed Project Site at Jasal Park (Mira Bhayandar)
Figure 4.4: Proposed Project Site at Ghodbunder
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4.8.4. NAGLA BUNDER
The proposed jetty is located about 1.5 km from Ghodbunder Road Highway, NH 42. This
proposed jetty has the advantage of location, as passengers from Bhiwandi and Thane both can
use the ferry service. The closeness from NH 42 will make the connectivity smooth. The
proposed project site is illustrated in Figure 4.5.
4.8.5. KOLSHET
There is no infrastructure at Kolshet and so jetties could be developed for better services. This
jetty could be used for Ro‐Ro ferries as well. Kolshet is slowly developing as a residential area
and in near future, the population of the area would likely to be increased. The proposed
project site is illustrated in Figure 4.6.
Figure 4.5: Proposed Project Site at Nagla Bunder
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4.8.6. BHIWANDI (KALHER)
There is no infrastructure at Bhiwandi (Kalher) and so jetties could be developed for better
services (Figure 4.7). This jetty could be used for Ro‐Ro ferries as well. The connectivity from
nearest Bhiwandi Road is an advantage for this jetty as no additional investment would be
required and road connectivity would make transportation easier and faster.
Figure 4.6: Proposed Project Site at Kolshet
Figure 4.7: Proposed Project Site at Bhiwandi (Kalher)
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4.8.7. PARSIK BUNDER
About 2 acre of Government land is available and it is partially reclaimed. The current of the
creek water in this area appears to be strong. After leveling, the area would be suitable for the
development of jetty. This site is suitable for terminal building as well as a jetty. The proposed
project site is shown in Figure 4.8.
4.8.8. BHIWANDI (ANJURDIVE)
The current of the creek water in this area appears to be strong. The available land is close to
the bridge and the approach from the site to the main road needs to be constructed. The
proposed project site is illustrated in Figure 4.9.
Figure 4.8: Proposed Project Site at Parsik Bunder
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4.8.9. DOMBIVLI
The proposed site is in Thakurli village on the bank of the Vasai Creek/Ulhas River (Figure 4.10).
A small piece of land is available next to the jetty, which may be just enough for the passenger
amenities, required for such facilities. Local boats operate from here for extraction of sand.
Figure 4.10: Proposed Project Site at Dombivli
Figure 4.9: Proposed Project Site at Bhiwandi (Anjurdive)
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4.8.10. KALYAN
The proposed terminal is located on the left bank of the River Ulhas, downstream of the road
bridge at the Reti Bunder. This area comes under Kalyan Dombivli Municipal Corporation. One
shipyard near the Ganesh Ghat exists on the north side of the bridge. The site is suitable for
developing a Passenger as well as the Cargo terminal. The proposed project site is illustrated in
Figure 4.11.
5. PROJECT SCHEDULE AND COST ESTIMATE
Sr. No.
Site Name Construction Phase
1 Vasai Jetty
~12 months
2 Jasal Park (Mira Bhayandar)
3 Ghodbunder
4 Nagla Bunder
5 Kolshet
6 Bhiwandi (Kalher)
7 Bhiwandi (Anjurdive)
8 Parsik Bunder
9 Dombivli (Thakurli Village)
10 Kalyan
Proposed project activity will start after getting the approval for Environmental Clearance & CRZ clearance from MoEF&CC.
Figure 4.11: Proposed Project Site at Kalyan
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5.1. CAPITAL COST
The estimated Capital Cost (Onshore and Offshore) for infrastructural development are given in
Table 5.1 and Error! Reference source not found..
Table 5.1: Onshore Cost
Onshore Cost
Sr. No.
Proposed Location
Area of Terminal
Building (sq. m.)
Area of Terminal (sq. m.)
Cost of Terminal
Building (Rs.)
Cost of Terminal (Rs.)
Total Cost (Rs.)
1 Vasai Fort 437.58 2880 17962252.51 50889350.6 68851603.11
2 Jasal Park (Mira Bhayandar)
437.58 2880 17962252.51 50889350.6 68851603.11
3 Ghodbunder 437.58 2880 17962252.51 50889350.6 68851603.11
4 Nagla Bunder
437.58 2880 17962252.51 50889350.6 68851603.11
5 Kolshet 761.566 20900 28594034.8 313500000 342094034.8
6 Bhiwandi (Kalher)
437.58 2880 17962252.51 50889350.6 68851603.11
7 Parsik Bunder
437.58 2880 17962252.51 50889350.6 68851603.11
8 Bhiwandi (Anjurdive)
437.58 2880 17962252.51 50889350.6 68851603.11
9 Dombivli (Thakurli Village)
437.58 2880 17962252.51 50889350.6 68851603.11
10 Kalyan 437.58 2880 17962252.51 50889350.6 68851603.11
Total Cost 961758462.8
Table 5.2: Offshore Cost
Offshore Cost
Sr. No. Proposed Location Area of Jetty (sq. m.) Total Cost (Rs.)
1 Vasai Fort 3177.5 312123000
2 Jasal Park (Mira Bhayandar)
2710.42 288769000
3 Ghodbunder 2441.63 275329500
4 Nagla Bunder 2710.42 288769000
5 Kolshet 5006 403548000
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Offshore Cost
Sr. No. Proposed Location Area of Jetty (sq. m.) Total Cost (Rs.)
6 Bhiwandi (Kalher) 3021.43 403548000
7 Parsik Bunder 4431.14 366797000
8 Bhiwandi (Anjurdive) 3021.43 403548000
9 Dombivli (Thakurli Village)
3021.43 304319500
10 Kalyan 3021.43 304319500
Total Cost 3351070500
5.2. COST OF DREDGING
An estimated quantity of total dredging is 1962194 cubic meters (approximately 2 million cubic
meters), out of which 1895806.5 cubic meters of soft dredging and 66387.5 cubic meters of
hard dredging off‐lying rocks is anticipated. At an average cost of about Rs. 290/cubic meter for
soft dredging and Rs. 2000/cubic meter for hard dredging is anticipated to cost about Rs. 69
Crore.
Total project cost will be Rs. 500.28 Crore (approximately Rs. 501 Crore).
5.3. MAINTENANCE COST
As a guiding principle about 5% cost of the infrastructure is considered for maintenance
purposes every 3 years. However, as the terminals would be in regular use for Inland Water
Transport (IWT) operations, about 1.5% cost of the infrastructure should spend as maintenance
cost per year.
6. CONCLUSION
TMC and IWAI have planned to develop inland water transportation along the route from Vasai
to Kalyan (National Waterway 53) in Vasai Creek‐Ulhas River in order to have a cheap, efficient,
pollution free mode of transport. Some of the passenger jetties are designed to handle Ro‐Ro
vessels which carry passengers as well as vehicles. During construction of terminals, no
mangrove vegetation will be disturbed.
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AnnexureI
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Figure 1: Site Layout of Vasai
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Figure 2: Site Layout of Vasai
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Figure 3: Layout Plan of Mira Bhayandar
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Figure 4: Layout Plan of Mira Bhayandar
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Figure 5: Layout Plan of Ghodbunder
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Figure 6: Layout Plan of Ghodbunder
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Figure 7: Layout Plan of Kolshet
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Figure 8: Layout Plan of Kolshet
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Figure 9: Layout Plan of Kolshet
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Figure 10: Ground Floor Plan of Main Terminal Building at Kolshet
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Figure 11: Layout Plan of Kolshet
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Figure 12: Layout Plan of Nagla Bunder
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Figure 13: Layout Plan of Nagla Bunder
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Figure 14: Layout Plan of Bhiwandi (Anjurdive), Bhiwandi (Kalher), Dombivli and Kalyan