Powering the Next Mobile Generation – An overview of UFS
Samsung Semiconductor, Inc
Memory Marketing
Panelists
• Kathy Choe Thomas | Sr. Product Marketing Manager, Samsung
• John Geldman | Director, Industry Standards, Micron Semiconductor
• Zachi Friedman | Director of Product Marketing, Arasan Chip Systems
• Perry Keller | Application and Standards Program Lead, Agilent Technologies, Inc.
• Moderator: Janine Love, UBM Tech
Source: Cisco VNI Global Forecast, 2011–2016 Joel Goergen
UFS
Propelling the Mobile Revolution
Kathy Choe Thomas
Samsung Semiconductor, Inc.
Sr. Product Mktg Mgr, NAND Flash Products
UFSA Board of Director, Marketing Committee Charirman
2012: Mobile connected devices exceeded the world's population
Units, M
1
10
100
1,000
10,000
100,000
1960 2020 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010
Mainframe
Minicomputer
PC
Wired Internet (Billion Devices)
Mobile Internet (10 Billion Devices)
Source: Morgan Stanley
10X Computing Growth Drivers Over Time
Shift in User Environment: PC Mobile + Cloud
IoE
Mobile Data Traffic Growth
2G 3G
4G
More Connections
Faster Speeds
More Users
More Video
>10B Devices 134EB
5EB: The total data created between the dawn of civilization and 2003
Smartphone Adoption Continues to Grow
> 80% of world’s population has a mobile phone
But only ~1/4th of the world’s population has a smartphone
Smartphone adoption still has huge upside for global penetration
Tablet Growth Faster Than Smartphones
Tablet shipments surpassed DT/NB PC’s in Q4-12
< 3 Yrs from Intro!
Large Screen Computing Device Demand is strong
Mix favors Tablets, not PCs
Sources: KPCB, Morgan Stanley Research, Gartner
Mobile Era Continues Evolving: IoE
Devices
Internet
Internet of
Things
Social Networking
Crowd Sourcing
Internet of
People
P2P
P2M
M2M
Internet of
Everything
2010: # Connected Devices Surpassed # of people in the world
2012: # Mobile Devices Surpassed # of people in the world
2020: 50+ Billion things will be connected & will talk to each other Sources: Cisco VNI
99% of things in the physical world still not yet connected . . .
Mobile Device Evolution: The New PC
The New Personal
Computer
Input
Comm
Connectivity
AOAC
Cross Platforms
IoE
Security
Reliability
Camera
Content
Apps
Computing
Productivity
HD Video Editing/Rendering
Productivity/Creation
True Multitasking
3D Graphics PC/Console-like Gaming
13MP, Burst Mode Photo Editing
4K Content
Voice/Face Recog
Apps for Everything
BYOE
Mobile Shopping
Multiple Sensors
Smarter, faster, & more powerful devices Require Smarter & faster memory
Performance Improves But Power Still An Issue
Smartphone performance exploding
Cellular
Wi-Fi (B/W)
Display (Resolution)
x20 2~5Mbps
150~300Mbps
720p
50~100Mbps
7Gbps
4,000p
x30
x17
x34
2010 2020
Source : ARM
720p H.264 4Kp H.265 Video (Resolution)
(vs. 2010)
Battery x2.2 5.76W/h 13W/h
Battery capacity not keeping up
Key Mobile Memory Requirements Faster Performance & More Capability While Maintaining Low Power Consumption
Mobile Storage – What’s Needed?
Instant ON Instant Play
Quad/Octa-Core CPU
Multi-tasking
Larger screens
AOAC
High Capacity in Small Form Factor
Small & Slim Pkg: Z-height is Key New Security Challenges Robust Memory
Enterprise/BYOD
Mobile Shopping
High Performance
Efficiency/Responsiveness
Low Power
Longer Battery Life
Small Package
Thinner is Better Security
Reliability
Multi-tasking
Multi-Processing
Productivity Apps
PC-like Gaming
Fast App Loading/
App Swapping
High Capacity
More Memory
More Apps, Richer Apps
HD Video, High Res Photos
3D Graphics/4K Content
eMMC4.41 eMMC4.5,5.0 UFS2.0
Booting
Partitioning
Security
Data integrity
Expandability/Scalability
Serial interface, Multi-lane
Higher Random IOPS
Low Latency, High Efficiency
UFS = Evolutionary progression of JEDEC standards for Mobile Storage
Mobile-centric Storage: eMMC UFS
Interface
Improvement
Performance
Enhancement
JEDEC Defined Storage Solutions Optimized for Mobile Devices eMMC: Open Mobile Storage w/ Low Power (Mature, Not Scalable) UFS : Scalable, Higher Performance while maintaining Low Power
End Products 2010 2012 2013 2014
100MBps 200MBps 400MBps 600MBps x 2 Lane I/F Speed
What is UFS . . .
Universal Flash Storage
In a nutshell: Tiny SSD for Mobile Devices & Beyond
UFS Advantage: The Fastest Interface
UFS 2.0 exceeds current SSD interface of SATA 3.0 (6Gbps).
• Supports up to Gear 3 at 600MBps per lane with multi-lane support
(Up to 1200MBps w/ 2 Lane)
300
MB/s
2lane
1200
MB/s
2lane 2400
MB/s
UFS 1.1
eMMC 4.51
UFS 2.0
UFS 3.0
1200
MB/s
600
MB/s
300
MB/s 200
MB/s
If 2 lanes used.
SATA 3.0
600
MB/s
eMMC 5.0
400
MB/s
UFS Advantage: Selectable & Scalable Speed
• UFS supports multiple interface speeds – Host can adjust interface based on its needs in real time
PWM G1 PWM G2
PWM G3
PWM G4
HS G2
HS G1
3~9Mb/s 6~18Mb/s 12~36Mb/s 1.25~1.5Gb/s 24~72Mb/s 2.5~3Gb/s
More Performance Less Power consumption
HS G3
6 Gb/s
eMMC vs. UFS: Interface Race
Congested Parallel Interface
Simpler & Faster Serial Interface
eMMC
• High Speed Serial Interface • Future expandability/Scalability built-in • Multi-Lane Support
Which do you prefer for your next mobile device?
UFS Advantage: Queuing & Asynch I/O
Inefficiencies of eMMC = Traffic Jam & back-up • Multiple Commands/Tasks, Multi-processing Demands
UFS Solution: • Async I/O, Command Queuing & Reordering • Higher Efficiency, Faster Completion
UFS Advantage: Higher Performance = Better UX
Source : Samsung Internal Research
Seq Read, 28%
Ran Read, 42%
Seq Write, 12%
Ran Write, 18%
Mobile OS Storage Pattern Analysis
Random Write
x1
x3
eMMC UFS
Source: Samsung
Better End User Experience!
UFS Advantage: Battery Life Improvement
eStorage is the slowest device in system Performance Bottleneck
UFS faster while consuming less system power
Seq. Write 12%
Rnd. Write 18%
Samsung User Daily Workload Analysis
eMMC
UFS UFS
DRAM
AP
eMMC
DRAM
AP
Total System Power Savings Sequential Read 3x
Random Read 2x
Ran Write 3x
Seq. Read 28%
Rnd. Read 42%
Active Standby
Active Standby
UFS: Accelerated Migration for Mobile Evolution
UFS: SSD’s for Mobile Higher Performance & Efficiency with lower total power in small BGA pkg
Legacy Memory Card Based Sync Protocol
eMMC4.3
2015~16
UFS 3.0 (tentative)
2013 2014
UFS 2.0 UFS 2.x
(tentative)
eMMC4.4 eMMC4.41
eMMC4.5
eMMC5.0
2009 2010 2011 2012
eMMC5.1 (tentative)
SCSI Based Async Protocol
400 MB/s
1.2GB/s
2.4 GB/s
Good, sufficient performance, fuel-efficient
Better, faster, scalable for future Higher efficiency
UFS In Summary . . .
• Mobile Industry evolving quickly along with its flash needs
– Seeking higher performance and improved capabilities
– Enable next generation of smart & powerful mobile devices
• UFS succeeding eMMC as the next generation of mobile flash
– Less Total Power Consumption
– Less Latency
– Less time to complete tasks
– Suitable for multi-processing and multi-processor environments
SSD for Mobile
UFS In Summary . . .
The UFS Advantage is clear . . .
– Less Total Power Consumption More Performance
– Less Latency More Efficiency
– Less time to complete tasks More Features
UFS enables the next generation of smart &
powerful devices for mobile & beyond . . .
John Geldman
Director, Industry Standards Micron Technology
What exactly is “SSD for Mobile”?
January 30, 2014
Mobile & SSD heritage
January 30, 2014
Low
Power
High Bandwidth
SSD/SAS
e· MMC
M-PHY® UFS
M-PHY® is trademark of MIPI
Low
Latency
Size is
Right
26
MIPI’s MPHY a high bandwidth enabler
• UFS 2.0 supports multiple High Speed GEARS
– (see the M-PHY from www.mipi.org)
• UFS supports one or two ‘lanes’ (for 2x bandwidth)
• UFS supports performance ranges
– from 125 MB/s (one lane of HS-G1)
– to 1.2 GB/s (two lanes of HS-G3)
January 30, 2014
Gear HS-G1 HS-G2 HS-G3
Transitions per second 1.25 to 1.45 Gtps 2.5 to 2.9 Gtps 5 to 5.8 Gtps
27
The SCSI queuing architecture a low latency enabler
• A single threaded command sequence • Note: processing the write holds off starting the next command
▶ A multiple threaded in-order command sequence • Note: Command 1 is completed before Payload 2
• A multiple threaded out-of-order command sequence • Note: the bus is used at maximum performance
January 30, 2014
Command 1 (write)
Payload 1 Status 1 Command 2
(read) Payload 2 Status 2
Command 1 (write)
Payload 1 Status 1 Command 2
(read) Payload 2 Status 2 Command 3
Command 1 (write)
Payload 1 Status 2 Command 2
(read) Payload 2 Status 1 Command 3
28
Low power mobile needs MPHY & SCSI • Limit power draw of an idle interface
– M-PHY’s Hibern8te state
• Control logical device power
– SCSI: START STOP UNIT command
• Low interface power on active transfers
– The differential voltage swing is 200 mV (terminated)
– CMOS power is proportion to C * V2 * F
Note: NAND array performance is proportional to array power: All UFS can do is minimize interface power
January 30, 2014
29
Size matters for mobile
• BGA is the initial UFS form factor – Does 12mm x 16mm work for you?
• A micro card is in scope of UFS, but is only in discussions
January 30, 2014
Device Types X (mm) Y (mm) Area (mm2)
CompactFlash 42.8 36.4 1558
NAND package inside
mSATA 24.2 48 1161
SD (standard) 24 32 768
M2 26 30 780
UFS 14 18 252 NAND
die inside
UFS 12 16 192
microSD 11 15 165
UFS 11.5 13 150
January 30, 2014
Thank you!
Low
Power
High Bandwidth
Low
Latency
Size is
Right
Creating a UFS Implementation
Zachi Friedman Director of Product Marketing
Arasan Chip Systems
Agenda
• UFS Architecture
• Implementation Challenges Complexity Challenge
Physical Challenge
• Validating the Design
UFS-SCSI Command Set Layer (UCS)
UFS Transport Protocol Layer
(UTP)
UFS Inter-Connect Layer
(UIC)
L4 = Transport
L3 = Network
L2 = Data Link
L1.5 = Phy adapt
L1 = M-PHY
UFS Controller
Host / Device (Digital)
Application SW & Stacks
UFS Layered Architecture
PHY (Analog)
UniPro
M-PHY
UFS Host & Device – Block Diagram
UFS Host IP
SoC / Application Processor
UFS
Registers
Device
Management
Entity
System Bus Interface Unit (BIU)
UFS Host Controller Interface (HCI)
UFS Transport Protocol Layer (UTP)
UniPro
Transport Layer (L4)
Network Layer (L3)
System
Bus
Data Link Layer (L2)
PHY Adapter Layer (L 1.5)
M-PHY (L1)
UFS Device IP
UFS Device Controller
System Bus Interface Unit (BIU)
UFS Device Controller Interface
UFS Transport Protocol Layer (UTP)
UniPro
Transport Layer (L4)
Network Layer (L3)
System
Bus
Data Link Layer (L2)
PHY Adapter Layer (L 1.5)
M-PHY (L1)
UFS
Registers
Device
Management
Entity
The Complexity Challenge
• A lot to implement – M-PHY
– UniPro
– UFS Protocol
• Glue everything together
• Arasan’s most complex IP to date!
The Physical Challenge
• 5.8 GHz channel
• Manage skew between 2 lanes
• Clock & Data Recovery (CDR) within short bursts
• M-PHY is a very complex PHY
The Validation Challenge
• Complex high speed protocols involved
Validation equipment cannot be an after-thought
• Reference Validation equipment – the need for “Golden” model
Golden Host – for validating device implementation
Golden Device – for validating host implementation
Host Device
Bootstrapping the UFS Ecosystem
Perry Keller Digital Applications and Standards Program Lead
Memory Program Manager
Member - Jedec and UFSA Board of Directors Chairman – Jedec UFS (JC64.5) and UFSA Compliance Committees
UFS is Unique
– Developed in a truly open fashion • Over 50 companies and a dozen separate committees across
Jedec, MIPI Alliance and UFSA participated
• Everyone has equal opportunity to contribute and vote
• “Big Boys” don’t always get their way
– Freedom from legacy support enables UFS to use “Best of Class” practices across the board
• Implements lessons learned from dozens of existing standards
• Applies to UFS technology AND entire enabling ecosystem
40
Bootstrapping the UFS Ecosystem
DesignCon UFS Panel 2014
Too
ls
UFS Ecosystem
T10
Technical Standards
Test and Measurement
Equipment Providers
Test Procedures
Technical Seminars
Marketing Collateral
Logo Management
Compliance Validation Process
UFS IP, Silicon, OS and System Developers
Authorized Test Centers
Too
ls
Workshops Plugfests
BoD: Samsung, Micron, SK Hynix, Agilent, Phison, Silicon Motion
Compliance Test Reports
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Logo
Li
cen
se
Primary Missions:
UFS technology promotion & infrastructure enablement
Product compliance and UFS logo certification management
Technical input into JEDEC for future specifications
www.universalflash.org
Current Board Members:
Samsung, Micron, SK Hynix, Agilent, Phison & Silicon Motion
The Universal Flash Storage Association (UFSA) was founded in 2010 as an open Trade Association to promote widespread industry adoption and acceptance of the UFS standard.
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2H 1H
2012
2H 1H
Jedec
UFS Workshops & Plugfests
CTS 0.59
Industry
UFSA
UFS Prototype DUT
2013
UFS 1.1
UFS Enablement Milestones
HCI 1.1
UFS roadmap informative only and no guarantee on schedules
MIPI Unipro 1.41
M-PHY 2.0
Compliance Committee
Unipro 1.61
M-PHY 3.0
2014
1H
UFS 2.0
M-Phy Test 1.0 Unipro Test 1.0
UFS Test 1.0
UFS Test 2.0
CTS 1.0
ATC Certification
Marketing Committee
Website Logo Registration FAQ, Briefing slides Whitepapers Promotional/planning tours
Board of Directors
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Accredited
Labs
JC 64.5
UFS Test Spec
M-Phy/Unipro Test Spec
MIPI M-Phy &
Unipro Test WGs
Compliance Committee
Compliance
Test Spec
Logo
Committee
Compliance
Certificate
Logo
License
Adopter Member Products
What & How to Measure
Success Criteria
UTP Test Spec
44
UFS Logo Certification Process
Certified Product
UFSA Compliance Test Events
• UFS Workshop – By invitation only
– Test the Test Specification
– Potential early certification
• UFS Plugfest – Open to UFSA members
– Pre-compliance test
– Potential Certification
• Certification Test
– Service provides by Authorized Test Centers
– Anyone can request testing
– Logo application requires UFSA membership AND compliance certification
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