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Political and Economic Systems
World GeographyCy-Woods HS
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Political SpectrumM
ore
gove
rnm
ent Less governm
ent
Economic Spectrum
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Political Systems
• Tell us how power is distributed within a region.
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Democracy
• People hold all political power.
• Ex. Ancient Greece
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Democracy
• Is the U.S. a democracy?
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Democracy Index
Lighter = more democratic
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Political SpectrumM
ore
gove
rnm
ent Less governm
ent
Economic Spectrum
Democracy
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Republic
• People have the power through elected representatives.
• Ex. U.S., Germany, India
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Political SpectrumM
ore
gove
rnm
ent Less governm
ent
Economic Spectrum
DemocracyRepublic
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Theocracy• A system of
government in which religious leaders rule in the name of God.
• Ex. Iran (Vatican City)
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Political SpectrumM
ore
gove
rnm
ent Less governm
ent
Economic Spectrum
DemocracyRepublicTheocracy
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Absolute Monarchy
• Absolute power among his or her people. • An absolute monarch wields unrestricted political
power over the sovereign state and its people.
• Ex: Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Dubai
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Constitutional Monarchy
• king or queen acts as Head of State. The ability to make and pass legislation resides with an elected Parliament, not with the Monarch
• ex. United Kingdom, Belgium,Sweden, Norway
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Political SpectrumM
ore
gove
rnm
ent Less governm
ent
Economic Spectrum
DemocracyRepublicTheocracyConstitutional MonarchyAbsolute Monarchy
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Dictatorship
• An individual or group holds complete political power (by force.)
• ex. North Korea (under Kim Jong-il), Germany (under Hitler), Soviet Union (under Stalin)
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Totalitarian (Dictatorship)
• Often times the people do vote, but it doesn’t matter who they vote for.
• No term limits
• Some do have popular support.
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Political SpectrumM
ore
gove
rnm
ent Less governm
ent
Economic Spectrum
DemocracyRepublicTheocracyConstitutional MonarchyAbsolute Monarchy
Dictatorship/Totalitarian
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Name That Dictator!
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Name That Dictator!
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Name That Dictator!
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Name That Dictator!
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Name That Dictator!
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Name That Dictator
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Name That Dictator!
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Name That Dictator!
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Name That Dictator!
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Name That Dictator!
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Add communism
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Economic System
• Tied to the country’s political system.
• The way people produce and exchange goods and services.
• 3 basic types:
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Modern Economic Spectrum
Command Economy Free EnterpriseSocialism
more government less government
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Command Economy
• Also known as communist economy
• ex) Cuba and North Korea
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Command Economy
• Government controls the factors of production.
• determine job, own the land, etc.
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Command Economy
• Government determines the distribution of goods and services.
• ration food/supplies, who can own what
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Command Economy
• Government provides all basic needs.
• healthcare, shelter, etc.
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Free Enterprise (Capitalism)
• Also known as market or capitalist economy
• ex) U.S.
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Free Enterprise (Capitalism)• Private ownership of
factors of production.
• People own the land, businesses, money, etc.
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Free Enterprise (Capitalism)• Consumer demand
controls production and distribution.
• things are made because people want them
• market
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Free Enterprise (Capitalism)• Government provides
few/no basic needs.
• social programs, welfare, etc.
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Socialism
• Also known as mixed economy
• ex) France, India, China
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Socialism
• Major factors of production owned by government.
• energy, healthcare, etc.
• private owners too
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Socialism
• Distribution of goods and services determined by both.
• a blend
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Socialism
• Government provides some basic needs.
• healthcare, more extensive social programs, welfare, etc.
• Emphasis on “being fair” to all.
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Levels of economic activities• Just remember the POTATO…
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Primary Activities• Getting the raw materials for immediate use
or in the making of a final product.• fishing, farming,
timber, mining
Don’t be a potato farmer!
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Secondary Activities• Adding value to materials by changing their
form.• Manufacturing• Mark an advancingeconomy.
Turn those potatoes into?.
Or oil into?
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Tertiary Activities• Providing business or professional services.• Usually seen in developed economies.
Sell french fries for business.
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Quaternary Activities
• Provide information, management, and research services by highly trained persons.
• only in placeswith the highest level of economicdevelopment
Study potatoes and alter them.Study potatoes and alter them.
No, it’s not real.