Download - Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms
![Page 1: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Plant Viruses diseases and Symptoms
Zohaib Ul Hassan
Ataturk University, Erzurum, Turkey [email protected]
![Page 2: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Banana Bunchy Top Virus
Fiji in 1889. Severity during 1894. Disease intensity rang 20-32.7%. BBTV most sever & widely prevalent in Australia,
Pakistan. India, Borneo, Egypt, Sri lanka, Taiwan, Philippine.
Pathogen BBTV
![Page 3: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Symptoms
Irregular, nodular, green streaks (.75mm wide, 2.5 c long), along the veins, on underside of lower portion of leaf blade, midrib & petiole.
TransmissionMechanicalAphid (pentalonis nigronervosa) persistent manner.A single aphid is enough to transmit disease.
![Page 4: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
![Page 5: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Epidemiology
Disease spread quickly in hilly areas due to conducive weather .Rain.
Management Remove infected plant.Use resistance variety.40g of carbofuran 3g granules/ pit before planting.Spray systemic insecticide viz., 0.1%phasphamidon or 0.2%oxydementon methyl or 0.1% monocrotophos 3 times at 3 weeks intervals.
![Page 6: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Potato Virus XSymptoms
Inter veinal mosaic.Mottling with stunting.Crinkling.Top necrosis.
TransmissionMechanical.Chewing insects.
ManagementField sanitation with 3% trisodium phosphate or 1% calcium hypohoride.
![Page 7: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
![Page 8: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Potato virus ySymptoms
Mosaic.Necrosis.Leaf drop streaking.Plant Stunting.Bunching or twisting of leaves.Necrosis.
TransmissionAphid (Aphis gossypii) non persistent manner.
ManagementThermotherapy.
![Page 9: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
![Page 10: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Potato Leaf Roll VirusSymptoms
Upper and inward rolling of leaflet.Leaf turning.Dwarfing.Leaflet thick and dry & lower leaf become brown.Smaller size tuber.
TransmissionPlanting infected seed tuber.Aphid (Aphis gossypii) persistent manner. Primary vector Green peach aphid (myzus persicae).
![Page 11: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
![Page 12: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
ManagementUse certified seed.Hot water treatment at 55 c for 15- 20 mint. Control aphid pop & other host.
![Page 13: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Tomato Spotted Wilt VirusFirst reported from India 1975.
SymptomsSudden browning of leaves.Necrosis. Leaves distortion.Green brown glaze to dark brown almost black glaze area.On ripe fruit red and yellow markings.
![Page 14: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
![Page 15: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Transmission
Tospo virus cause the disease.Thrips (Thrips tabaci)).Vector (Frankliniella occidentalis).Mechanical transmission.Host range:
Ornamental plants, Vegetables, Weeds, Potato, Brinjal, Pea, French bean, Cowpea, Lettuce, Pineapple.
![Page 16: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Management
• Prevent from vectors.• Uproot and burn the effected field • Systemic insecticides• Control of weeds• Crop rotation• Plant resistance cultivars
![Page 17: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Tomato Leaf Curl Virus
After infection within 20 days disease losses up to 92.4%.
Infection occur after 35 & 50 days after transplanting yield losses would be reduced to 74 & 28% respectively.
Symptoms :• Severe form in September and November• Stunted and excessively branched• Leaves show downward rolling
![Page 18: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
![Page 19: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Cont..
• Curling twisting and chlorosis• Flower drop is common.Transmission:• White fly Bemisia tabaci.Epidemiology:• High temperature and low humidity.
![Page 20: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Management:
• Seed treatment with hot water @ 50°c• Field sanitation• Mulching with saw dust.• Yellow sticky traps for controlling of insect
vector.• Bio control agent.• Spray of krishi oil after flower formation.• Eradicate weeds.
![Page 21: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Chilli mosaic virus
21-60% yield losses.Symptoms:Vein clearing on leaves.Yellowing of whole leaves, followed by patterns of yellow and green colourDistortion of veins Infected plants produce few fruitsTransmission:Sap transmittedVector Aphis gossypii
![Page 22: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
![Page 23: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Host range:Chilli, Bell pepper, Tobacco, Tomato, Egg plant, Okra, Nicotiana rustica ,N glutinosa , Datura albaManagement:Destruction of infected plantsEradication of weeds from the fieldSpraying of 0.02% methyl parathion for aphid.
![Page 24: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Tobacco mosaic virusSymptoms:Greenish yellowing mottling curled in shapeBrown streaking on branchesMottled symptoms on fruitYellow spotting in some fruits.Spots are irregular in shape and sunkenTransmission:Mechanically transmitted virus.Infected seeds of chilli.
![Page 25: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
![Page 26: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Host rangeVery wide host range.Management:Resistance varity. Burn the infected plants.
![Page 27: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Cucumber mosaic virusMottling between light and dark portion Upward curlingDark green spots on surface of leavesInfected plants are compactYellow ring are produced on fruits quarter and half inch in diameter.Transmission:Aphis craccivora, A. gossypii. Mechanically transmitted virus.
![Page 28: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
![Page 29: Plant Viruses Diseases and Symptoms](https://reader035.vdocuments.us/reader035/viewer/2022062316/58718edc1a28ab2c198b7071/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Management:Removal and destruction of infected plantRemoval of weeds from fieldSpraying of 0.05% nuvacron 0.02% of metasystoxSoil application of carbofuran at1.5 kg/ Ha. Spraying of 1.5-1.8% mineral oil at 5-6 days interval.