Philippines: Vulnerability to ClimatePhilippines: Vulnerability to ClimatePhilippines: Vulnerability to ClimatePhilippines: Vulnerability to Climate---- related related related related Extreme Events and Coping Mechanism Extreme Events and Coping Mechanism Extreme Events and Coping Mechanism Extreme Events and Coping Mechanism
Through Disaster Risk Management Through Disaster Risk Management Through Disaster Risk Management Through Disaster Risk Management
Presented by:
LOLITA L. VINALAY
Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical
Services Administration (PAGASA)
RP is vulnerable to almost all types of natural hazards
because of its geographical location.
RP DISASTER RISK PROFILERP DISASTER RISK PROFILERP DISASTER RISK PROFILERP DISASTER RISK PROFILE
Philippine
Atmospheric
Geophysical
Astronomical
Services
Administration
The Philippines, through the PAGASA, is a Member of the World Meteorological Organization (WMO), a specialized body of the United Nations
• PAGASA is the National
Meteorological and
Hydrological Services (NMHS)
in the Philippines.
OUR MISSION
The Role of PAGASA in Natural Disaster
Risk Reduction and Management
�member of the National Disaster Risk Reduction andManagement Council (NDRRMC) as a warning agency
� role relates to the various phases of disastermanagement in support to disaster reduction
• mitigation and prevention
• preparedness
• response
• recovery
Background Information• 3rd country most exposed and at risk
to natural hazards (World Risk Report
2012)
• 20 Tropical Cyclone in a year
• Hazards Associated with Tropical
Cyclones
- Strong Winds
- Excessive Rainfall
- Floods
- Landslides/Mudflows
- Storm Surges
• Weather and climate extremes -
floods and droughts
17 13 9 1134
48
126 130111
7144 3610 6 9 18
30
46
80 67
77
88
87
47
0
50
100
150
200
250
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Nu
mb
er
of
Tro
pic
alC
yclo
ne
s
Number of Landfalling TC's
Number of non-Landfalling TC's
Monthly
Mean 0.5 0.3 0.3 0.5 1.1 1.6 3.4 3.3 3.1 2.7 2.2 1.4
Monthly frequency of T.C. entering the PAR and
crossing the Philippines. Period: 1948-2010
GUINSAUGON LANDSLIDEThe whole island of Leyte experienced more than 300% of normal rainfall
in February 17, 2006
Vulnerability to Extreme
Weather Events
Observed24-hour rainfall – 455mm
TS Sendong December 15 to 17, 2011
These extreme weather events have one thing in common – persistenttorrential rains, causing landslides and flash floods, killing people anddestroying properties along its path.
TYPHOON “HAIYAN” (YOLANDA) (November 6, 2013)
Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services
Administration (PAGASA)
P A R LINE
P A R LINE
P AR L
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P AR
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Typhoon “HAIYAN” location as of 4PM: 1,221 km East of Mindanao
Max wind/gust: 175/210 kph mov’t: WNW at 30 kph
P A R LINE
P A R LINE
P AR L
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P AR
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SEVERE WEATHER BULLETIN NO. 4
Issued At 5:00 PM 07, November 2013SEVERE WEATHER BULLETIN NO. 5
Issued At 11:00 PM, 07 November 2013
SEVERE WEATHER BULLETIN NO. 4 A
Issued At 8:00 PM, 07 November 2013
Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomical Services Administration
(PAGASA)
Track of Typhoon Yolanda
Actions Undertaken during the
passage of Typhoon Haiyan• Nov 01, 2013: spotted as a LPA over the Caroline Grp of Islands.
• Nov 02: LPA developed into a Tropical Depression
• Nov 03: Weather scenario given to media thru text and phone
inquiries.
• Nov. 5 Weather Advisory Regarding the approaching Typhoon Haiyan.
• Nov. 6: Issued Regular Typhoon Bulletin even though it was still
outside Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR).
• The Department of Science and Technology (DOST) as Vice-Chair of
the National Disaster Risk Reduction Management Council
(NDRRMC), initiated NDRRMC member to convene and conducted
press conference after the meeting for the preparations and early
evacuation in areas to be affected by the TY Haiyan. PAGASA
highlighted that this is a strong typhoon wherein Public Storm
Warning Signal No. 4 (Highest warning signal) will be issued.
• Nov 6-9: PAGASA conducted Press Conference every hour starting 5:00 PM Nov.
6. On Nov 7, PAGASA issued warning on those areas with Signal#3 with expected
storm surge of about 7 meters high ; Frequent briefing conducted at Malacañang
• The President broadcasted in tri-media about the forthcoming strong typhoon
Yolanda (Haiyan) , 12 hours before landfall.
• Hourly updates on the location and intensity of the typhoon (thru PTV, social
media networking sites [twitter and facebook], SMS and PAGASA website)
• Storm surges expected over the coastal areas of Catanduanes, Albay, Sorsogon,
Eastern Visayas, Dinagat Island and Siargao Island as early as Thursday evening (Nov
7) progressing inwards over the seaboards of Visayas and of Southern Luzon area by
Friday and Saturday morning respectively(NOV 8-9, 2013).
• Occasional rains and gusty winds over the provinces of Catanduanes, Albay and
Sorsogon as well as over Eastern Visayas and Northeastern Mindanao beginning
tomorrow afternoon becoming stormy over the above mentioned areas and over the
rest of Visayas and provinces of Masbate, Romblon, Mindoro and Northern Palawan in
the evening until Saturday morning.
• Detailed Meteorologist at the OCD/NDRRMC Operation Center
• Deployed a team of Storm Chasers to Sorsogon and proceeded to Guiuan for post
validation.
• Yolanda was the 23rd tropical cyclone for the year 2013 and the 9th that made
landfall. Yolanda was also one of the strongest and disastrous tropical
cyclone this year.
• It was already a typhoon with maximum sustained winds 195 kph near the
center and gustiness of 230 kph when it entered the PAR at midnight of Nov.
6. it then moved WNW at 30 kph over the Philippine Sea.
• Yolanda intensified at 215 kph near the center with gust of 250 kph in the
early morning of Nov. 7 with the same movement towards Eastern Visayas. It
then accelerated at 39 kph with the same direction while increasing its
strength at 225 kph near the center and gustiness of 260 kph in the evening
of the same day.
• Yolanda intensified further at 235 kph near the center with gust of 275 kph
threatening Eastern Visayas.
Maximum Wind Pressure Rainfall
195 kph – 4 AM
Nov. 7- Guiuan, Samar
910 hPa – 5 AM
Nov. 8 - Guiuan
141.5mm – Nov. 7, Maasin,
Southern Leyte
160 kph – 12 NN
Nov. 8- Coron, Palawan
223.8 mm – Nov. 8,
Calapan, Mindoro
205 kph – 2 PM
Nov. 8- Roxas City
119.8 mm – Nov. 9, Pto.
Princesa
Typhoon Yolanda (Haiyan) (November 6 – 9, 2013)
Typhoon Pablo (Bopha) (December 1 – 9, 2012)
Maximum Wind Pressure Rainfall
130 kph – 1 PM
Dec. 4- Cagayan de Oro
971 hPa – 1 PM
Dec. 4 - Cagayan de Oro
102.0 mm – Dec. 3,
Borongan
89.0 mm – Dec. 3, Hinatuan
97.2 mm – Dec. 4, Dipolog
95.4 mm – Dec. 4,
Malaybalay
Typhoon Haiyan (Yolanda)November 8, 2013
Scenes of damages caused by Storm Surge
Tacloban Airport Terminal, San Jose, Tacloban City, Eastern Visayas
An aerial view of a coastal town, devastated by super Typhoon Haiyan, in Samar province in central
Philippines November 11, 2013Source: REUTERS/Erik De Castro
An aerial view of a fishing village in Guiwan town,
devastated by super Typhoon Haiyan, in Samar
province in central Philippines November 11, 2013Source : REUTERS/Erik De Castro
aerial photo shows destroyed houses in the
town of Guiuan in Eastern Samar province
Tacloban CityTacloban City
Source: Google Earth
BEFORE and AFTER
Tacloban City Google/Digital/GlobeSource: http://www.abc.net.au/news/specials/typhoon-haiyan-photos-before-after/
Report from National Disaster Risk
Reduction and Management Council
• As of 6:00am, Dec.2, 2013: 5,670 individuals
were reported dead; 26,233 injured; 1,761
still missing
• The total cost of damages was pegged at
PhP34,366,518,530.67 with
• PhP17,333,367,534.29 for infrastructures and
PhP17,033,150,996.38 for agriculture
Summing up
• Most disasters are related to Hydrometeorological hazards
• Increasing frequency and intensity of extreme events
• Hydrometeorological hazards pose a significant threat to all areas
in the Philippines:
- physical disruption of infrastructure
- human health effects
- significant economic losses and loss of lives
• With the past events, it is a “must” to review/update the building
codes and retrofit structures not conforming with the design
standards.
• Strict implementation of land-use zoning to restrict development in
identified high risk areas.
Information Dissemination Flow
PAGASA
Office of the President
NDRRMC / OCD
PAGASA Regional Centers
National Media
DRRMCs
Local Government Units
Gen
eral
Pub
lic
Local Media
PAGASA Local Stations
Legend:NationalRegionalLocal
PAGASANDRRMCOP
Weather Information
• Print Media
• Commercial Radio & TV
• Message Signs / Billboard / Banner
• Websites / E-Mail Alerts/SMS
• Indigenous (e.g. Bells, drums) Handheld
Devices
Mode of Dissemination
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