PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

PREDISPOSING FACTORS Age Hereditary

PRECIPITATING FACTORS Obesity Dietary intake Stress Lifestyle

INSULIN RESISTANCE

DERANGED INSULIN RELEASE

↑ed hepatic glucose uptake

↓ed glucose uptake

Hyperglycemia

DM (TYPE II)

S/S: Glycosuria Polyuria Nocturia Polydipsia

Diabetic ketoacidosisS/S: Polyuria Polydipsia N and V Hypotension Tachycardia Fruity smell Kussmaul breathing

NephropathyRetinopathy

Blindness

Atherosclerosis

Sugar deposits like fat in the wall of the blood vessel

Myocardial infarction

Neuropathy

Skin break

Impaired pain sensation

Impaired host defenses

Infection

↑ed serum glucose level

Prone to injuryBlockage of tiny blood

vessels

↓ed blood supply in the eye

Blurry vision

Destruction of retinal blood vessels

Death

Severe infection

↓ed size of the lumen

↓ed renal perfusion

Impaired renal function

Renal failure

Coma