OBJECTIVE: identify cells as the basic unit of lifedescribe how cells form tissues, organs and body systems
CELLS
◦100 trillion cells in the human body
◦over 200 different types of cells
◦skin, muscle, brain, blood, bone, ………
WHAT DO CELLS NEED TO GROW? Food for high energy and good growing power
Cells need energy to grow, move, talk, think and play Eat lots of
fresh fruit and vegetables milk whole grains, cereal, pasta meat …protein not too much junk food
Food is digested … it is broken down into molecules tiny enough for the blood to deliver it to the body’s cells
Water
Oxygen for survival … it helps turn food into energy Where do cells get oxygen?
we breathe in air, it goes into the lungs, then enters the bloodstream
then the heart pumps moving the oxygen to the cells The average person breathes about 2,500 gallons of air each day
Do all cells in your body live as long as you do?
No– some cells only live for a short period of
time but when they die new cells take there place … example skin cells … live a few days
– Other cells, like brain cells, live as long as you do … once they are destroyed they are not replaced
– Our body’s grow when more cells are produced than actually die
Cells tiny compartments of life that make up
all living things
• the building blocks of life• cells work together to help your body
function well• cells come in different shape and sizes
• each cell does a special job … they make up– your skin cells, muscles, bones, your brain, and are in your
blood
1) nucleolus(2) nucleus(3) ribosome(4) vesicle(5) rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER)(6) Golgi apparatus(7) Cytoskeleton(8) smooth endoplasmic reticulum(9) mitochondria(10) vacuole(11) cytoplasm(12) lysosome(13) centrioles within centrosome
Parts of cells
Parts of cells
• Most cells have the same 3 basic parts:– cell membrane– cell nucleus– cytoplasm
OBJECTIVE: describe how cells form tissues, organs and body systemsexplain how body systems are interrelatedidentify ways to keep your body systems healthy
Body Body SystemsSystems
tissues – groups of similar cells that do the same kind of work
organ – a structure that is made up of different types of tissues that do a particular job
systems – formed by a group of organs that perform a related task
Body SystemsBody Systemsa group of organs that work together to a group of organs that work together to support an important body functionsupport an important body function
??????? ??????? EXAMPLES EXAMPLES ???????????? examples: Nervous System Circulatory System examples: Nervous System Circulatory System
Skeletal System Muscular Skeletal System Muscular System System Digestive System Digestive System Excretory System Excretory System Respiratory Respiratory System System
they work together to keep you alive and safe they work together to keep you alive and safe
the systems of the body are organized by what they the systems of the body are organized by what they do, not where they aredo, not where they are
example - mouth and small intestine - digestive systemexample - mouth and small intestine - digestive system
interrelated – the systems work together and are dependent on one another to keep the body functioning properly
The Body Systems and Their Function
Skeletal System Muscular System
Circulatory System
Digestive System
Excretory System
Respiratory System
Nervous System
Supports the body, protects organs & helps you move
Moves body parts and controls organs
Transports materials, (food, oxygen, hormones), to cells and removes waste from cells …. Carried in blood
Breaks down food into substances that your cells can use.
Removes waste and controls the body’s water levels
Supplies blood with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide
Sends and receives messages to control all body systems
Ways To Keep Your Body Systems Healthy
Eat a balanced diet drink plenty of water exercise … be active stay away from drugs and alcohol don’t smoke … stay away from second hand smoke manage your stress exercise safely … warm-up, stretch, cool down
get enough rest Follow common sense safety rules
wear protective equipment when required wear a helmet wear seat belts