Download - Norms recognition
Minds & Societies 1
N-Recognition Module
Input
E
(Candidate N-b el)
N-bel
N-Board
LTM
B, R, A
> vc
D, V < v c
WM
Vc=N-threshold
Minds & Societies 2
A simulation study
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Norm-recognizers Vs Social conformers
What are observable effects of norm recognition?
Implement different populations (Andrighetto et al., 2008a, Campennì et al., 2008b): Social conformers: follow actions most
frequently done in observation window (parameter)
Norm recognizers take input from others, form beliefs and act based on those.
Minds & Societies 4
Agent and
world4 contexts: following its agenda
and time of permanence, each agent moves among contexts;
in each context, agents can produce 1 out of 3 actions;
1 action is the same for all of the contexts;
C1
(A1, A2, A3)
C2
(A1, A4, A5)
C3
(A1, A6, A7)
C4
(A1, A8, A9)
AGENDA
(C1,C2,C4,C3)Time-of-Perm
(nTicks/n)
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Norm recognizer
Each is provided with: Normative Board Double-layer
architecture Agenda: individual
time of permanence (in contexts).
New normative beliefs contribute to choose action
if normative board is empty, action is randomly chosen.
N-Board:
N-B1
N-B2
.......
level-2
(D & N-V)level-1
(A, R, B)
AGENDA
(C1,C4,C2,C3)
Time-of-Perm
(t)
N-Threshold (vc)
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Social conformer Each observes
other agents in same context
According to conformity rate, imitates most frequent action
Conformity rate = 9
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Simulations' results
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Preliminary Findings Social conformers (above):
Each colour represents one action No difference within ticks Strong difference
• Among ticks (no belief)• Among scenarios (no memory)• More frequent action (dark blue) is
distributed throughout the simulation: nothing emerges!
Norm recognizers (below): Fuzzier
• Rows (autonomy)• Columns (beliefs)
After 60th tick, one action common to all scenarios: something emerges…
What is it? Lets look into agents beliefs…
Social conformers
Norm recognizers
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Immergence
At the 30th tick a normative belief starts to spread
What has happened in the in the interval?
Other normative beliefs got formed, although earlier is more frequent
Immergence is earlier: it takes time for effect to emerge
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SCs Vs NRs
Low Conf. Rate 3 Medium CR High CR
Medium NTLo N-Threshold Hi NT
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Latency of norms
Time interval between N-bels appearance and convergence on corresponding action.
Actually, a complex loop from N-Belx to N-actionx
from N-actionx to N-bely from N-bely to N-actiony
Etc. Can help predict effect of new policies Immergence 2nd-order emergence:
not a reflected upon emergent phenomenon but involved in emergence!
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Follow-up questions Only common
actions? What happens with
physical barriers and/or (cultural) drifts ?
Equally frequent norms might emerge in different sub-populations: norm innovation?
QuickTime e unᆰdecompressore TIFF (Non compresso)
sono necessari per visualizzare quest'immagine.
Minds & Societies 13
Let us simulate a barrier
At a given tick, agents get stuck to current locations, they can no longer move across settings.
Yes barrier
No barrier
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Normative Beliefs
No barrier Yes barrier
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But in 300 ticks…
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Final remarks In a multi-scenario world, unlike social
conformers, norm recognizers converge. Norms immerge in the minds before
emerging in behavior. A normative belief corresponds not
necessarily to the most frequent action. Barriers are sufficient (not necessary)
for norm-innovation. Norms have a latency time.
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For the future If agents get re-united, which norm is going to
invade population? What about inertia (i.e. the time for a norm to
disappear)? During inertia, norms may compete in the same population...
Internalization and semi-automatic conformity Questions for future studies :-)
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Why bother? Policy-making and what if analysis ICT systems:
Artificial normative reasoning Electronic institutions Applications of agent systems
Computational and simulation-based modelling for (social/cognitive) theory-building and testing.
Thank you