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LEGAL AND ETHICAL ISSUES
MLA EDUCATION DAY
May 13, 2006
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Presenter: Dr. Joan Mitchell
Adjunct Associate Professor
Island Medical Program
University of Victoria
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PLAN FOR WORKSHOP
• Review of some terminology
• Case Study
• Discussion or “real life” experiences of legal and/or ethical challenges
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• ***Please note: this workshop and case study are not intended to give legal advice. Any legal advice must be sought from the attorneys who represent the employers, employees, institutions and/or professional societies.
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DUTY OF CARE
• Because of position, skill and knowledge, a person must act in a way which provides service in a manner which does not do harm
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COMPETENCE
• Requisite or adequate abilities/skills to perform specified tasks
• Ability to perform duties to acceptable standards of care as set by the regulatory body of the profession
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CONSENT
• Expressed– Oral or written
• Implied– Presenting for procedure or treatment
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LIABILITY
• Direct– Responsibility for action carried out by
person who performs this action
• Vicarious– Responsibility for action of another person
due to position
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NEGLIGENCE
• Failure to do something which a reasonable and prudent man, guided by those considerations which ordinarily regulate human affairs, would do or doing something which a reasonable and prudent man would not do, thereby causing injury
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NEGLIGENCE
• One may be personally negligent for his own omissions or commissions, or in certain situations, vicariously negligent for the acts of his “servant”
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Finding of liability for negligence
• Duty of care
• Standard of care
• Injury
• Causation
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Duty of Care
• It must be established that a duty of care is owed by the defendant
• Person accepts responsibility for care by accepting position and by possession of skills and knowledge required of that position
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Standard of Care
• Must be proven that defendant did not meet reasonable standards established by profession
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Injury
• Must be proven
• Involves injury to one’s person or property
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Causation
• Must prove a causal link between defendant’s act and the injury or loss
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ETHICS
• Many definitions
• The study of standards of right and wrong
• That part of philosophy dealing with moral conduct, duty and judgment
• Formal professional rules of right and wrong; system of conduct
• Moral principle by which a person is guided
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ETHICS
• A broader, conceptual definition of ethics is concerned with motives and attitudes and their relationship to the good of the individual
• Values interwoven with ethics
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Confidentiality
• Cornerstone of ethical behaviour
• Obligation not to discuss or divulge any information received in the course of carrying out duties
• Information regarding patient is privileged
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CASE STUDY
• Instructions and case to be given at the workshop
• Small group work
• Discussion
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“Real life” examples
• If time allows, we invite you to bring some examples of legal or ethical challenges you have faced.