KEY CONSIDERATIONS IN FARM MANAGEMENT AND HEALTH NUTRIENTS FOR HEATHIER SHRIMP

Nguyen Duy Hoa, Ph.D.

Global Technical Director, Empyreal Products, Cargill Inc.

conferencia

Agenda • Key factors for the success of shrimp culture

• Water quality management for success

• Use of health nutrients for success

• Postlarvae genetic sources for better profit

• Take-home messages

• Success of shrimp in Vietnam:

70% success 30%-40% success

More controlled system is more successful…

1. Better water quality management and biosecurity2. Better usage of health nutrient and additives3. Use high-growth genetic sources for bigger sizes

Key factors for the success of shrimp culture

Water quality management for success• Water sources must be clean and stricly farm biosecurity

Reservoir with tilapia/seabass

Treatment withChlorine

Lined shrimp pond

Lined shrimp pond

Lined shrimp

tank

Water from the sea/river

Lined shrimp

tankBiogas or treated

with Clariascatfish

Treatment withKMnO4

Treatment withChlorine

KM

nO

4 an

d h

and

disin

fection

Tilapia

Tilapia

Tilapia

Fresh water

• Water in shrimp tanks must be average of pH: pH is 7.6 to 7.9

Water quality management for success

Also stimulate shrimp molting, lower Vibrio sp., reducing ammonia toxicitypH of 7.6 to 7.9

• Water in shrimp tanks must be high dissolved oxygen: DO ≥ 6 mg/L

Water quality management for success

≥ 20 HP/1,000 m2

• Water in shrimp tanks must be high dissolved oxygen: DO ≥ 6 mg/L

Water quality management for success

High DO is not onlyfor shrimp but alsofor:

1. Oxidize organicmatters.

2. Survive andpromote growth ofthe Bacillus sp.

3. Prevent toxic H2S

• Water in shrimp tanks must be high alkalinity: 130-250 mg/L

Water quality management for success

• Wastes in shrimp tanks must be out

Cleaning strategy:

• You need to have a good siphoning system

• You need to maintaining the cleaning

• Make sure it is clean

Water quality management for success

• Use of premium Feeds for nursery & top-dressing with liquid vitamins

Use of health nutrients for success

Higher quality feed with less feed is better than lower quality feed but fed more feeds….

• Use of gut probitotics and fermented protein to prevent gut diseases

Use of health nutrients for success

• Use of probiotics with molasse to control pH, algae and amonia

Use of health nutrients for success

• Use of probiotics with molasse to control pH, alage and amonia

Use of health nutrients for success

• Use of different minerals to help shrimp strong and brightening shell

Use of health nutrients for success

• Use of different micro and macor minerals to help shrimpstronger/healthier and brightening/hardening shell

Use of health nutrients for success

• Use of astaxanthin, nucleotides, β-glucan to boost shrimp health and color

Use of health nutrients for success

• Different genetic sources produce different growthWe have 4 genetic sources in Vietnam:

(Count at 90 days)

Genetic source A : average of 0.366 g/day

Genetic source B: average of 0.277 g/day

Genetic source C: avearge of 0.244 g/dayGenetic source D: average of 0.186 g/day

Farmers get more profit once shrimp get bigger sizes vs smaller sises.

100,000 shrimp at size 40 pcs/kg result in 2,500 kg - 2,500 x 6.11 USD = 15,275 USD while at size of 30 pcs/kg result in 3,333 kg – 3,333 x 7.05 USD = 23,497 USD

Postlarvae genetic sources for bigger shrimps

The same stocking density of 200 shrimps per m2, it is very difficult for Genetics B, C and D to get size bellows 40pcs/kg while Genetics A is able to get 20 to 30 pcs per kg.

Size (pcs/kg) VND/Kg Usd/kg

60 114,000 4.87

50 126,000 5.38

40 143,000 6.11

30 165,000 7.05

• Different genetic sources produce different growth – farmers need fast growthand bigger size shrimp for profitable.

• Water-quality management focus on high DO, high alkalinity, average pH and lowsalinity to control Vibrio sp. and toxic gases.

• Using probiotics and molasse to control pH, ammonia, and hydrogen sulfide.

• Use of premium feeds for nursery phases & top-dressing with liquid vitamins toboost shrimp health and growth in both nursery and later phases.

• Use of fermented protein and gut probiotics to prevent gut diseases

• Use of micro and macro minerals to boost shrimp shell healthier

• Use of nucleotides, astaxanthin and β-glucan/Mannan to boosth shrimp health &Shell color.

Take-home messages

AGRADECIMIENTO

Nguyen Duy Hoa, Ph.D.

Global Technical Director, Empyreal Products, Cargill Inc.