Download - In-Depth Review 2
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Individuality Within
Schooling FishesMalise Yun
Biology/AnthropologyUniversity of Washington – Seattle
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Schooling fish appear as one large organism but are made up of multiple individuals.
https://fpsbutest.files.wordpress.com/2013/04/5osvj27134.jpg
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Bold vs Shy Personalities
Go with the flowor be bold, not shyand are more likely to die
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Three-spine sticklebacks have bold and shy personalities.
Gasterosteus aculeatus (Hiukka, 2016) (Ward et
al., 2004)
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Icons by Yu luck from the Noun Project
Sorting the bold vs Shy
(Ward et al., 2004)
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Wild Zebrafish can learn to become bolder.
Danio Rerio (Rapson, 2012)(Maattanen et al., 2012)
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Learning SociallyDay 1
Icons by Yu luck from the Noun Project
(Maattanen et al., 2012)
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Learning SociallyDay 20
Icons by Yu luck from the Noun Project
(Maattanen et al., 2012)
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Bold Fish & Consensus
Icons by Yu luck from the Noun Project
(Rands et al., 2016)
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Sticklebacks work faster together
Icons by Yu luck from the Noun Project
(Rands et al., 2016)
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Robofish Leader
Three-spined stickleback replica
(Faria et al., 2010)
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Stay in school
https://adventureaquarium.files.wordpress.com/2013/09/sea-lion-chase-doubilet_18413_600x450.jpg
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ReferencesFaria, J., Dyer, J., Clément, R., Couzin, I., Holt, N., Ward, A., . . . Krause, J. (2010). A novel method for investigating the
collective behaviour of fish: Introducing 'Robofish' Behavioral Ecology and
Sociobiology, 64(8), 1211-1218. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/40792927
Greenwood, A., Wark, A., Yoshida, A., & Peichel, K. (2013). Genetic and neural modularity underlie the evolution of
schooling behavior in threespine sticklebacks. Current Biology., 23(19), 1884-1888.
Maattanen, Ilmari, Penn, Dustin J., Zala, Sarah M, Määttänen, Ilmari, & Penn, Dustin J. (2012). Different social-learning
strategies in wild and domesticated zebrafish, Danio rerio. Animal Behaviour, 83(6), 1519-1525.
Rands, Sean A., Hill, Francesca, Elder, Charlotte, Ioannou, Christos C., McDonald, N D, Rands, S A, . . . Ioannou, C C.
(2016). Consensus and experience trump leadership, suppressing individual personality during social
foraging. Science Advances., 2(9), E1600892.
Ward, A., Thomas, P., Hart, P., & Krause, J. (2004). Correlates of Boldness in Three-Spined Sticklebacks (Gasterosteus
aculeatus). Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, 55(6), 561-568. Retrieved from
http://www.jstor.org/stable/25063397
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ReferencesLuck, Yu. (Artist). (2016). [Marine Digital Icons]. Retrieved from https://thenounproject.com/yuluck/
Hiukka, Markus. (Photographer). (2016). Gasterous aculeatus [Photograph].
Rapson, Andy. (Photographer). (2012). Danio rerio [Photograph].
Sea Lion Chase [Photograph]. (2013). Retrieved from https://adventureaquarium.files.wordpress.com/2013/09/sea-lion-chase-
doubilet_18413_600x450.jpg
Ball of Fish [Photograph]. (2013) Retrieved from https://fpsbutest.files.wordpress.com/2013/04/5osvj27134.jpg
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Special Thanks to • Matt Kolmann – Professor • Liz Allyn – Peer Editor• Caitlin Sussman – Peer Editor