History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
History of Psychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
August 2008
“Without education we are in a horrible and deadly danger of taking educated people seriously.”
– Gilbert Keith Chesterton
[LATEX in use – a Microsoft- & PowerPoint-free presentation]
History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
Psychodynamic Approach
Humanism
Cognitive Psychology
History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
Nativism
I Innate knowledge & abilitiesI Descartes espoused it
I Also – interactive dualism
History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
British Empiricists
I All knowledge & ability come through experience
I Locke: Tabula rasa
I Nature–Nurture Controversy
History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
Structuralism
I Influenced by chemistry’s periodic table
I Building blocks of the mind
I Wundt: First laboratory of psychology (1879)
I Failed
History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
Gestalt Psychology
I Wertheimer
I Mental activity cannnot be broken down
I Sensation & perception
I Right about lots; wrong about innateness
History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
Functionalism
I Influenced by evolutionary theory
I Examine adaptive value of behavior
I Profound influence on most modern psychology
History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
Behaviorism
I John Watson
I Focus on observables
I S–R (Stimulus–Response) Psychology
I Perhaps too extreme?
History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
Freud’s Psychodynamic Approach
I Focus on the unconscious
I Childhood emotions
I Nonscientific
I Gained widespread nonscientific acceptance
History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
Humanism
I Maslow & Rogers
I Opposed behaviorism & Freudian approach
I S-H-R
I Lasting influence on therapy
History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
Cognitive Psychology
I Focus on “software” of the mind
I Information processing; problem solving
I “Cognitive revolution”
History ofPsychology
W. Jeffrey Wilson
Outline
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
PsychodynamicApproach
Humanism
CognitivePsychology
Nativism
Empiricism
Structuralism
Gestalt Psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
Psychodynamic Approach
Humanism
Cognitive Psychology