Download - Group 1 MH Final
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Project Work By Group No-1
MFM -1 st Year Part Time -2 nd Semester1.Roll No-10012.Roll No-10093.Roll No-10174.Roll No-1025
MMM -1 st Year Part Time -2 nd Semester5.Roll No-10036.Roll No-10117.Roll No-1019
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Project Work By Group No-1
Subject : Production ManagementTopic : Materials Handling
Professor -in- charge : Prof. Bawa
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Introduction
In any industrial organization, production is aprocess by which ,raw materials and otherinputs are converted into finished products.
Production may be used synonymously withmanufacturing.
Manufacturing is the process of producingonly tangible goods.
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Introduction
Materials Handling is the movement, storage,control and protection of materials, goods andproducts throughout the process of manufacturing, distribution, consumption anddisposal.
The focus is on the methods, mechanicalequipment, systems and related controls usedto achieve these functions.
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Industrial Mezzanine Forklift Pallet Racks
Industrial Mezzanine, Forklift AndPallet Racks
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Types Of Materials Handled
Many types of materials of various size ,shapes and specific features are used. viz., ±
Raw materials ± Purchased components ± Materials-in-process(i.e. semi-finished goods) ± Finished Goods ± Packaging materials maintenance and repair
supplies ± Scrap and waste
± Rejects or rework
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D efinition Of Materials Handling
Materials handling is defined as the art andscience of moving, packaging and storing of substances in any form. It includes ± Creation of time and place utility. ± Movement and storage of materials at lowest
possible cost through the use of proper methods
and equipments.
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D efinition Of Materials Handling
Materials handling may also be defined as
± Art and science of conveying, elevating,positioning, transporting, packaging and storing of materials.
± Lifting, shifting and placing of materials which
effect a saving in money , time and place.
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Importance Of Materials Handling
Efficient materials handling is important tomanufacturing operations ± Materials sent by vendor has to be unloaded ± Moved through inspections ± To production operations ± Then to the stores and ± Finally to the shipping department
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Importance Of Materials HandlingUnloadedMaterial
Inspection To productiondepartment
To shippingdepartment
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Importance Of Materials Handling
Materials handling is a subset of Plant Layout.They enhances the effectiveness of eachother. ± A good Plant Layout enables an operation to use
the most efficient handling. ± Efficient operations of appropriate materials
handling method reduces costs and enablesmaximum capabilities to be derived fromproduction facility.
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Objective Of Materials Handling
± Reduce number of materials handling . ± Reduce cost of materials handling equipment. ± Reduce the distances through which materials are
handled. ± Lower unit handling cost. ± Reduction in manufacturing cycle time through
faster movement of materials and reduce thedistance through which materials is moved.Thusreducing work-in-progress inventory costs.
C ontd«.
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Objective Of Materials Handling
± Contribution towards a better control of the flowof materials.
± Improve working conditions and greater safety inmovements of materials.
± Contribute to better quality by avoiding damages. ± Increased storage capacity through better
utilization of storage areas. ± Higher productivity at lower manufacturing costs.
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Materials Handling Principles
Principle Of PlanningAll Handling activities should be planned.
Systems PrinciplePlan a system integrating as many Handlingactivities as is possible and coordinating the fullscope of operations (receiving, storage, production,inspection packaging, warehousing, shipping, andtransportation).
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Materials Handling Principles
Principle Of Materials FlowPlan an operation sequence and equipment
arrangement to optimize materials flow.
Principle Of SimplificationReduce, combine, or eliminate unnecessarymovements and /or equipment.
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Materials Handling Principles
Principle Of GravityUtilize gravity to move materials whenever
practicable.
Principle Of Space UtilizationMake optimum utilization of building cube.
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Materials Handling Principles
Principle Of SafetyProvide for safe handling methods and
equipment.
Principle Of Unit-sizeIncrease quantity, size, weight of load handled.
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Materials Handling Principles
Principle Of MechanizationUse mechanized or automated handling
equipment when practicable.
Principle Of Equipment SelectionIn selecting Handling equipment, consider allaspects of the materials to be handled, the move
to be made, and the Method's to be utilized.
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Materials Handling Costs
Materials handling costs arises from two sources ± The costs of owning and maintaining equipment. ± The cost of operating the system.
Every effort should be made to reduce materialshandling cost as
± They do not add value to a product. ± Product will not be worth more simply because it was
moved but it will cost more.
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Materials Handling Costs
Three fundamental ways of minimizing thecosts ± Eliminating the handling itself. ± Mechanizing , largely by conveyors & power driven
trucks making the necessary handling moreefficient.
± To have a record maintained for handling costs.
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Organization For Materials Handling
Materials handling requires a carefullyplanned organized structure.
Emphasis depends upon the amount of handling required.A separate department must be developed tostudy procedures & devise better materialshandling techniques.Materials handling should be centralized.
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Unit Load Concept
A unit load is a number of items , or bulkmaterials , so arranged that the mass can bepicked up and moved as a single object.
In grouping materials into units , manycompanies use skids or pallets so thatmechanical trucks can be employed to lift andmove the unit thus saving time ,cost and floorspace.
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Factors Affecting The Selection Of Materials Handling Equipment
Production Problem Factors ± Volume of production ± Class of Materials handled ± The layout of plant and building facilities
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Factors Affecting The Selection Of Materials Handling Equipment
Equipment Factors
± Adaptability ± Flexibility ± Load capacity ± Power ± Speed
± Space requirement ± Supervision
requirements ± Ease of maintenance
± Environment ± Cost
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Factors Affecting The Selection Of Materials Handling Equipment
Human factors
± Capabilities of available manpower ± Safety of personnel
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Types Of Materials Handling Systems
1.Equipment Oriented Systemsa) Overhead systemsb) Conveyor systemsc) Tractor-transfer systemsd) Fork-lift truck and pallet truck systemse) Industrial truck systemsf) Underground systems
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a) Overhead Systems b) Conveyor Systems c) Tractor-transfer Systems
d) Fork-lift & pallet truckSystems
e) Industrial truck Systems f) Underground Systems
Equipment O riented Systems
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Types Of Materials Handling Systems
2. Materials Oriented Systemsa) Unit handling systemsb) Bulk handling systems
c) Liquid handling systems
3. Method Oriented Systemsa) Manual systems
b) Mechanized or automated systemsc) Job-shop handling systemsd) Mass-production handling systems
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Types Of Materials Handling Systems
4. Function Oriented Systemsa) Transportation systemsb) Conveying systemsc) Transferring systemsd) Elevating systems
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Selection And D esigning Of HandlingSystems
Identification of appropriate systemsReview of design criteria and objectives of thehandling systemsCollection of data regarding flow pattern andflow requirementsIdentification of activity relationship between
departmentsD etermination of space requirements andestablishments of materials flow pattern
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Selection And D esigning Of HandlingSystems
Analysis of materials and buildingcharacteristics
Preliminary selection of basic handling systemand generation of alternative systemsEvaluation of alternatives
Selection of best suited alternatives systemProcurement of the equipment andinstallation of the system
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Types Of Materials HandlingEquipment
Conveyers -These are gravity powered devices,commonly used for moving loads from onepoint to another over fixed paths ± Belt conveyor ± Chain conveyor ± Roller conveyor
± Pneumatic conveyor
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Types Of Materials HandlingEquipment
Cranes , Elevators and Hoists ± Overhead devices used for moving varying
loads between points within an area, fixedby supporting and binding rails ± Primarily used when the materials must be
lifted prior to being moved from one pointto another
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Types Of Materials HandlingEquipment
Industrial trucksUsed for moving mixed or uniform loads
intermittently over variable paths .Examples ± Fork-lift truck ± Pallet trucks ± Tractors with trailers ± Power trolleys
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Types Of Materials HandlingEquipment
Auxiliary equipmentsThese devices or attachments used withhandling equipment to make their use more
effective and versatile.Examples ± Ramps ± Positioners ± Pallets ± Containers ± Turn tables
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Types Of Materials Handling Systems
Miscellaneous handling equipmentsExamples ±
Pipelines ± Automatic transfer devices ± Automated guided vehicle(AGV)systems ± Industrial robots
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Summary
Materials handling Systems is one of the basiccomponents of any manufacturing system.
Materials handling requires systematicrecording, critical review and overseeing of allrelated activities to eliminate as manyunnecessary movements as possible.
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Summary
The main objectives of materials handling areto prevent damage and improve productivity.
Generally, materials handling is considered animportant activity along all the links of thesupply chain, which include production,distribution, storage and retail. Minimizing thecomplexity of handling operations canincrease productivity and cut costs.
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References
Books referredProduction And Operations Management
ByK. AswathappaK. Shridhara Bhat
Materials Handling EquipmentsByN. Rudenko
Various Internet Sites referred
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Thank You
&All The Best