Soil- and Lar: the 11,:.
by
M. P
FA.0 Soil .yor
Associate
!11 1983
introduction
Acknowl uts
Chapter 1 The Survey Area
1.1 Location and History
1.2 Climate 6
1.3 Geology and Geomorphology
1.4 Vegetation and Land Use 10
2 Methods 2atian
2.1 Airphoto Htip2, 13
2.7' Laboratory Analois
Chapter 3 Soils of tho
3.1 Soil C1as'' 15
3.2 Descril:,i. Oho Soil Units 19
3.3 Soil Mapping Units and the Soil ' 25
Chapter 4 Land Evaluation
4.1 Land S!d*..- 27
4.2 Crop eq
4.3 Limit: 29
4.4 5 Units /3!.
Chapter 5 Conclusions an 39
Heferences
Appendix 1 - Soil Profl1(. ptions; La' 43
Soil Map
Land Suitability Map
INTRODUCTION
In April 1982 tre soil. surveyor I v-Per
Maun in Northwestern Bctv,.. to initilevel soil mapping of thBOP/80/00'3 - Soilpart of acountry at t a scale of . of
the Regional Agricultural H ff in Mauxi. romar
if 7:t,to describe, classy an' soilsdemonstration cours.: in yfl7ce of,.identification of charaet
their relevance toin all aspecto of ficCe and offi.2.... soil survt;,. c,e
The lack of inee ...on concerning the so
became especially appaint lr 701-
stage of the Arable Land 7soil aurvey reportoIn NorthwesternSiderius (1971) anddefined land use activ:.''development in the 01r r`eltwater, availability al, ) -
agriculture. The Gov(!-: ofa systematic and e soi7were necessary- for n: ..J.tural -
This rc7ert does
A,e,. 1 .e sur
a fr.:: :tion of thEcompletion of the pJ. ) Tt isby the survey team as e ee willand evaluation of soils dta by the sbii
acquieltion-a... to
S. AHL
IAA A A-A A,A-A Arr r
pprecition tn his
AFEA
1. The Survey Area
1.1 Location
the CY7a7 Th
gradi.s-
in.flow is lo E , due t,
The sum :t..7ea
bet;ween 220501 ,co 23°00'
has an area 000 ha. st
(known as NFJ v,Tith Mo on.b e incvillage and ti....thstrat iv:
on following I.,age).
Toteng and Sehitwa are two main vil'
survey area. Sehitwa, th. _ ef the two,
100 Itrn southwt of naun. small:U-Y"
throughbut the area. hility
traversed by the n
0-omare and Shak
f.2om
vi
e...!itwa there is s `7',9 paved.
.:-Dads, tracks and outlinee sscross the
relatively toavel and orie.ntation.
The colinot phy t feature of t:
Depr' the si t:.
eata. Th.e c!2:,chmen'. pata is ih t
and the water enters Botst. La above Sh.akawe in .',JA:?, north
and equal; lc plante (C:; ) .
Dy
However ,
of the Delta has t found it.
sp1:71.1s i (to
id flc- 7
attered
faellitating
,ojel
outf
THE SURVEY
The
of the
year s
visit
ditiurant
y hou ad semi--arid.
37°C
day
the
(D..
fainfL...1:.1 dia
e from one y-ear
.Lnd Anni vrith im) to 6(.)-
While n!...!Meroas fnr t e development
260
240
ISO
20
140
IC)
140
120
100
2
Temperature, Rainfall and Potential Evapotranspiration
--- - -I-MAUN
19513 South,
2325' Eoit
4C
o
- - -
' ./
i c:a, V)- 0.
0'
./ at
c-
.
i 4Z.
l0
..... _
_
-
-....
Ì/ .
I-
...
zeri
r .
.. ._
___.
í---
4\
z
111\
\
.
Te1 ,
-
_
I.
Feb Mar Apra MOV JUIPIO Jilt"JOAJut y Aug Sept Ocil Nov
*.fac .
ad the c..1J):
rad.
-.L.,. a
of
211T(
Çì and
CiCli regiLi is
being higher
er soil t.
'..:,113.(1 nor' I
1.3 Geolo G 01110- _01
9:11e .
for tu
atnd. time t day
t
is nade
17.1f T ert
8
hills
:21
L
Patty of de-pbt3 it 5
they bOCILCOIO
.drock forms hit..:3 and
**
mePsarc--79---
9,9
,--,
1-
source:
time
TABLE i
1,1E11,
0300
SOIL Tle,9.,;7,1RES,
**
/05
,
1400
1965
- 1
*-)
2000
deQ
th (
cm)
1020
3030
120
1020
3060
120
1023
3060
120
J:--
.,,ua
ry'
25.4
27.3
20.0
23.7
28.2
32,6
31.1
49.5
29.3
29.2
30.6
31.5
30.7
29.7
49.2
29.6
ry21
.726
.227
.128
.228
.532
.3.7
22.3
28.:'
,'23
.329
.430
.127
.228
.528
.228
.z23
.83.
826
.528
.027
.832
.578
5.3
22.0
28.2
28.0
29.7
30.2
829
.128
.127
.723
.2il
ilY
a7/
ol.'
17.
,.'
97.3
21.)
26.?
23.1
22.9
_7.2
33.6
26.1
,.226
.223
.2
26.6
21..0
2'7.
1
24.9
27.5
23.9
27.9
2..0
27.:,
2,.0
26.8
23.8
26.9
22.2
26.2
,, -
23.2
Tar
r,
T1-
14.1
19.-
' '-'.
(.,
17-4
15.6
1A.2
20.5
L).o
-1.5
25.0
28 9
22.7
,_/.2
9).0
L.
L.
20.2
19.-
22.0
21.'
23.2
-0.7
23.3
19.-
20.4
1.7
20.1
89.
'''.8
19.9
,0.7
19.8
20.6
,)'.)
21.-
23.9
'1.7
21.3
21.3
21.9
23.7
23.0
.121
.2.7
-.6
20.9
,-,,-
-/,5
..0
24.7
23.9
39.9
25.7
22'
.,..(
''2/
..1/2
,7
2/7.
7.3
,.).-
.027
.,L,
27.
. .
7
22.6
I53,
.(5
80.0
29.
80.9
.391
.129
.3)3
.23o
.f,-
29.2
2.7
2).8
.9.,,
2:-.
)%8
.0.-
Ro0
.'<
5).0
23.)
.71.
o_-
)0'.8
)0.6
2).:1
94.?
29..
21.2
25.5
2es
)nA
45).
25.9
25.9
Minor eJiof occurs a
streams have incised --
sande have be en .ry lacust
The sandy beach ridges f Le Ngam'
mds reworked by lacustrine processes
Thaoge overflow blain moving southl.?-.
Depression (northwest -Lion
the aeolian
The allulL 1 plain
feature of th ,;arvey
from the Soieio f the
ycro been hg out duo
-.)1an hightarido throug1T
very little surfaco
Cyclical climatic
ing the formation
Cooke, 1977)
° nates will
he sedlment lo
and uno Labio dra
CcLore be, ueiieved to
(dote and Brown, 1976)
-re--;sions and low
Lie.3urface dee to
1 78).
3avanna
- 1C
ear
both the. av
C .
c' -Li a boAs so c
ver.
L erc)1E,:.,
mat-1y 3crg
t a sub '
low
boreh(
t hc
drawn frf caLtie.
-1,c ni.
x.Istingtlie needs of
pr a e orne
_1 but only on very lifnit ed.
f Lg.
oo.
1 Juuie
tl
tt
out prior
ify the ma)
of the -u.'7ficial
lluvial
lU the
tab .
6 Novembco
- falso colour comoos
reconnaissance levai,
on difficult terrain.
for aco
wa
151Pf 1 3
Field
or shall.
characterist re(Y,r
Soil ro fil P
Co__
and
It
tt
of the
e fieY
OC:
TD: 0756'0
out at a 'detailed'
to facilitate
of 1:50,00C -
'Ph
Aeria 1:70,000
1975
1 June 1978 tt
pH : He,0 and CaC1,)
- 14 -
With the information as died f-r..:)m the
and fieldwork, the
Subsecient photointerprotatLen and fiold
checking of boundaries, the redefin:I''
the delineatiI, 'A. of units and ase
and the of ' soil
augerinJ-. s 132, with 1 bein-
The soil Aap was then using t'
and revised photointerbretaeion. The pL,, features and
soil boundaries at a on the aerial photeTt ::or the
most part distinre )n the satee_li
facilitating the I . of a '1
image. The soil n7it. ,nf tly
those of the bI,:e qurveyeru, and a
of the soils of t3o 7roduced.
All field r Wo from the surve,y 211 be '7 ' the
FAC) So il S a:-. at the Regional Agricultural off i La
Franc ist own .
2.2 _aboratory Sis
All sannlez, 3ent fnr analysis to the FW mil chemist
at the Sebele "griaultural r Statl'en, 7.
t )
particl. size dist..-" fracti
ola- by
A standard of deben'
exchangeable Cationb -r-.7,ed. by
3.
reco&nh.
Soils occ
So as
. it
- 15 -
3.1 Soil C 7 at ion
The soil ..fic at ion
of st. 15 the -.,ricultare
at ion 15m Un". it s are ident
' r ec gnit ion of 6 ".
ln the
was con
with IFV5 uwing to iba signifiant
ene fit the c
ion teril lfLia0 la ir. D
f the
.propg.ri"as, and
(7A0-
. LO wing,
-Il .nd ca. -Lc 0 h orizons
LIC. troc 41c ic C. not u.Sually
.soi as auch -
int ion o . IJnitst.
s
. They _re
is -familiar w-Ith.
uf termo:
A di sou.s s ion
In.its will follow
f luviat fi 1
,oic lac
by 50 cm c al an
ante 5, "horizon , a histic or a sulfuric
Fluvi.:»13
:Least b(..d-w T.(:)
calcareous
oulfidic material 125. cm o f the surface .
2
Soils from uric on sclic .at ed r l excl.",
a.11uvial depo sit s, having no diag..:1- stic horiac
buTled by 50 6-1 or more ncw wor jai) other t
A ; hydr
lac 1,:d
Vert is :1s and Ai
ext ured
o ambic or oxic F3 horiaras or a IbicF material which are (Mara,
of Areno so ls
C a' aric Eroso
Inegosols which are calc. A, least
50 cm from the surface
Arena sols
es a-Fr
soil corr: rfelt t expre E
Rot swana.
- 16 -
Eut
EfiE
rs,
fo 'and in
ion on
"rfac
- 7lac a.sul.fLumi.,c
,1f
at
e not
,
or other coarse fr h in all
or to a lithic pe !ff. Lc ,
of recent, alluvial 9j: pc,
o c c urring o.rer a depth cE at least .3
showing Lct.eristic s ,m-h-f-dc or O.:74.
ich , how , do n h
-t. TO_ re gainhm...
50 cm or more n )
attic E, or a calcio or p.3troch,3.1c'
pr o pert ies within 50 cm of the sur ac e ; aigh salL-hh,"
(includes E ut r ic 01 Qe )
terbio Ar eno so IL
e:nbic
liaae of
("Yf
0 Of
clay - within 125
C a_ :-aric Areno:t; o.l.Oc
Other Arena solS lim
. C11 the surface , or wh..hh r
and 50 cm from the sur
Areno sois propertic of
alt erati horizo:t ist ic ) ;
ac.:1 7
Other Areno soils shov.ring irï 0 1 -1.e of clay accfuntaat
Soils B -ried by 50c m.
or moco now rL sal) OLa d iag no st .. e tilan an ec}1.-1:'1.0
or - -s te horizon ;-
sprizoi,
is
Carribi.
of tl-t.e 1 ...)1
of soft -3211e
between 20 and 50 cm
wit: n 100 cm of the
18
. sux.face
fra ochric A hc.
ic horizon
La 1 ir(-1.1-1 of
:50:5e morO
one or
or con..!,
;naiLearreous
San :ins. hydrornorph:.:-.
: withrOst e
7 2, s
a calcio 125
from ...die surface,.
ha-ving itht 125 cm
from il
The soils are lis
Four main
a:
C unit soils on
soils on 1acastrin
A unit soils on
sands1 -
l'he unit s will be
of soll3 listed undeet
Incre in soil d
the
are
4- 1, 4,
!.ocks
of re ive jirofiles can ce
e
For the soil the survey area
used to describe tHiedividunl These
material, depth, d r-
e ale ium carbonate co:. Thc
as set out b, :AO 977
C Unit - soils on h
L Unit
Sh al_ modera
flat t o
o la s sific ,adon;
partly petrocalcie
This -t2
plain
sbile with a wea.,..
beds . Towards the high wc7.:c
by fine san :. to lo
sharp t
ile
- 20 -
Ro
Also o bserved ar. : andy t, o lo arily
calcio) of the alluvL ain edge and t he sandy
olay loam so il of oc. lipans.
The fo'.7' s T unit s ha-ve
1. ver: y drained ,
brOWn Silty :; 1 ay
br oval 0 7 fne
non-
cla s s Eutr:Lo Fluvisoi e
pro f-3_1
of
- he
ayer as
FlUVL,, e, SU: L9a ; rofile no, To183
The soil reaction for u Ss L9 and L9a are cam,
acid to slightly acid (Lo ...S. -ly alkaline C.L9,
values of F....2-7.65, with th opsoil bei!
acid to llg -ly alkaline (oh Fadls
carbon contaah, of the t op so LI is ITery high with ).
from 2,25-LI . I ecre asin- sub -I- - I - to
Mi.e sandy tnit
h Lgh ( 29.08-4/4 ) 00 g
ioiiL of L) (, ,.'5 me). 2.a
Availdbto ih rous ia vcry 2. to
_Tubs of 2.5 -)6.6 ho suosoil L.2 bom . do
2. do
loat.
,070
J! well d
over
cations (co. are all high-
). moderbt .-Fectly Cr "
sandy clid:y _ - Loan;
classification: Calcio
- found in pans.
I. deeT.), et
'brown cl.:; over ,.t:
calcio.
classification: Calcic CaMbia. SF: 1120
A unit - soils on .
This unit inc,7,- " 7 famed.
valleys, old stream tbd.s and diterdunal deprssalsns.
L. ver: . rperfect boorl:
gre r 1.1
cal:.
classj :LOY . -05 Fluvisol SU: A.24
-found in river valleys of Kanyere River.
black to
') silty
mo
fine sand to 1J
noncalcareous.
classification:
colluviam, found
deep to ver.v deep
grey ,
calcareous.
classification:
Incftoni old
ation: Calcac
in old stream
-ic Arenosols.
acid in the te:
alka_
of the to
The CE
the subswl.
exchangea
and low
calL,
alluvaa
ly undula
2,2
(7,
deep to ve j den,
darl- brown t(
OVe ' e saad;
Fluvisol (
beach ridge.
a:
t h L_mind La ni
ic id very st o.
cant eo
eri
3 PPm )
lly low exc
IL with a c al c
unit have
and ID e t ro c alele
y of low Lnh fertil ty. The
caleL
To 17,
C Areno sal
L9a
L2,0
A.
22
r(60) + )4,0)
60 + S:
, (60)+ KS3( /4.0)
1. 31'..?"( 40) 4- K2:33 ( 3 0 )
Ls-17(50) + 11,22(50)
7
2no
2] 3 (9.0
2.9
il '
)
21,
3.
Je 5(.,)0 7. 3
C) .0. 3
Bk
- 0. 3
fTh,"'"\r",. 0. 7
-
TABLE 2 n3)
r)-,
Qk
2,00 6. 7
600 0. 2
rforrn
as thist ic ed
o unt ry.
nor.
o ur
31 it able
by more
and c on Se rv at iu
-years
Sig
o ur s
Or so
r'31'
CharaCtel
-
Four 7-
gooff
*f.ed Ei,.ccess(si)
3 .ierted Je)
p (D or accese
;271-;10) r-r-,+, ory,r-c-,..
4:.)r and velocity of 1,w-1(D:ff.Lates to
h e
n,1
2
Si
While cliffNiiitvi
.1 ff.
100
1
10
and alkalinity are at
area-suitabili y class Si.
downgraded one class, while th
within the rooting zone.
w workability
Workability, th
Is mainly a-unction of
Four rat ::ve been establi_,
In the folio
be evaluated for
4.4 Evaluation of
In thiz section
ted as '. thoir sA,
arad aL produ.
ved traditlena
lity
mmary of all oval
The fia: 7
ability map. lh
sorghum, and the second for
the for both crops.
soi
02 y unsuitab
ations
andy texL
workability o
L Unit - lacnstrin
L9 and L20 -
The main larnitations are poor
_lability and poor tops
Imonly low thr t, the enbir
zone in which it7
mean annual rainfall th:.2e
the hard to very hard top:-
productive under non-tradi:
:valuation
two
ic horiLn
ly suitable-
the pot
soil can be urLbtivated,
boriiruaa. al -ocki
have been
J use activity-
utilizing
ulth similar
d together,
tabular form
the
rating Is
units will
' 43r
Y
f the cll'
7apotr L:piration
kability is poor due
Those soils could be
city due
opsoil
aee os.
allabiltby, poor
be the one the land
itatien5
to t-
flooding.
as A2ed.
able-ciaLe
Main lil: tations as a mode
e
criay be di.
( sub
from thar.:: of t d1C..
ub) ola ss of thbfc r.owed
to tco t
.2diateL., followlng
Ur. 4.4: S
O
ICO '7-1 T-1
(f) Cl) ce). [e.) [ cr.) (ID cr.). ECO cC, (i) CC
(r) Cr) Tr) u") (I) CC) UT; CO C.` ) c"-) cf`
C-1 CV[r.) cr.)
- 37 -
r (T) rn cc), (f ) cf.) (r) (r)
(c) r1Ti u) c (7) cf.) [e.) (.(7). cr) [J-.) Tr, Tit-) Cr.) CT). ri)
1
0 ---1- e--,,f..) ,! - ' - °.,--i , u
1--; ,--1 ,--) ,o(c)
0
*
CO CO CO <-1 CO CO r-1 CO <-1 r-1ELi (r) CC) C (/) (r.) (1-) r..j.-2 cr)
CV CV ' (7\1 CV C\1 CV Cc:. CV CV c"; C\1 C\.,; C cV,. rV rCf) tc7) CO. (I) CC) (T) rf.) (I-.) (C) CC. Cr.) CC. C. CC)
Q)
<1-1
IDO u ) )-) cr-) (I) r r rf) rf) Cr) Cr) CI)
C) (.7.Q CO CO CO <-1 1CO CO 1-1
CiT, CO LIT)( IT) cc.) c.c) cr.) cr.) [c) cr) (if ci") cr) (r)
CO CO CO CO C') CO 1- CC) Cc) CQ.-) Or) Ccc1* CID. C,r). CT) C.C) 11C1 C.r.) Cr). Cr..1
CO C.Th CO C\I nThUr) cf) c-,C.) r-r] u'l). Cr.) Cl)'"'" C.c). Cr)
C''') \ C. ') C)1. CO N 7-1 N \ItAl",) (f) cF) cr.) Cc) ci ,:f.) CT) riC) (f) CT) cr.) ("./.) CO
4-1 U.) Cf) n (r.). cr..) Cf) Cr)Cf7.; u7;) C;(7:; (C) (f)
CV 0-) (c) C' COn'r) CCOcf) :(-) ;')
C'-2 I r'-1 C)? C'c) Cr) CO. 7-1 N --rr1;) ,.r) r...0 (T.) f C r.r.) UT/ C.cr ) CC) cf ,-Q
T
0
Table
3(contil:.:..Z
association*
suitnb.
S3...
.ne(
50)
+ +
5:4,-,(60) + N1(40)
S.13
ae(6
0) +
S3m
ne(4
0)
3(60
) +
s12
(40)
)0)
50) +
(50)
_
122(50) + 120(50)
122(40) + 120(50) + 14c(50)
51:0(60) + 02(40)
K.317(60) + K513(4'
.1
+0
)0)
1.,0)
,0) +
_30)
o0) + A22(50)
- 39 -
Conclusions and Recommendations
The land suitability ma.)CCr
soil mapping units found within-
land use activity. LCOe the sol
boundaries, whilo .J_ag to
units, may represent transitional
.55
'6,mfo
53me S3moe
Famne
5.3-mne(1)
S3mne(3)
SLprl
34m(2)
Ni
, .00
7,500
21,100
900
1,000
o
2.5
2.6
7.40.30.3 73.1_
". 200 50.4
9.4.
600 2.7
47,000 1_6.5
7,200 2.5
200, (000 1a,.»
each other. Both maps are based on a limited number of o ./-ations,
and the soil mapping units and land sulLability classif.Lo
aended with additional -lold and 1, iata.
r illustrates tho of (sub
3 otoan on the land suit
suitability
There was no land in the survoy rraa whicn
highly suitable 51 f r the fj ise activity. A
proportion ( of the mod, -
suitable This unit co old
in the northwest of the survey area (soil init
there are some limjtations to cultivation fcrm of moderate
fertility, sligi0 eN tial of erosion fair topsoil
it is the most suitolo lao' in the Even thoujn
areas can be small and e considen.
small scale H.-ettf. e input., rre required to
productivity.
o-raluation of the
r the defin,:d
noted
bet
sones wl...sos the units into
op" C
nr? trit
.)nly
Thea
ourael
tc
loads
Land classified as marf
greatest -.)roportion
to cuJ±,i1
avai
areas, whicl
crop yields. The
soil anith L9 a:e.
noct]y
farming.
floodplain as being modenre
and use. While
area should not be ov
Lake Ngaml depression sheald
the laying down of trials b,,
"b),
-iorthern and e
:eau° ivit
defined land activity
low moisture availability will qerefaly heno
areas may -nresently be 'Tivated on
_nit b,-:
seasonal floods, areas may
Land el as
2. Cole, M. M. and H.D. Leroux
le of flnK
er
Trans.
FAO,
b. 17'AO
Coil
for Irrigation
D.R. C.
roblems
Land
Pott D.I1 ,
ha
Note an. M 7.A
of the
12.
-43-
To 180 je
To IM Je
To 176 Qe
To 175 Qa
To 227 Qf
To 231 Qk
To 196 Ql
o
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SC)IL PROFILE DESCRIPTION, .)11Er
PROFILE NO. Tc.: St-P.7...:T '!'):
LOCATION, COORD!!',4ATES T-
DATE _
SOIL CLASSECAT!ON (FAO)
SOIL CLASSIFI(ATION (ST)
ELEVATION
TOPOGRi.;-1. IIC
SLOPF
LAND -U:/ VEGETATION
shrillos: Z. rimer°
C.daetylon
PARENT MATERIAL lacustrine
tA01.54URE CONE.":. dry
POCK OUTCROPS
SION // f2)EPOSITIO',\I
I-IUMA,N !NH
REMARKS area heavily- -;r,ri.seil
RIZON DESCRIPTION
sl.hard v.hard
as'
'Lb loam
:ed
LAUTHOR J,aui
;...hrub eeil
A
A4,!(1.;-;.01"(."7.
) ay
smoothr in
eh; )'-eb
acy'mptlroo!,;
SOIL SURVEY OF BOTSWANA FAO B 01 /130,/00,.i
!CAI!) RLF UN;1
- G ad! ierIr
PHYSIOGRAPHIC FOSr
.fine
DRAItN;AGE er_rSUPi-ACE 5TONE-.)
- re, Jr, t ,1
nt :I a borro; T.',:, '..,
''' -,, 1 ' , 1- ' ' ' {: L,
)or ymbo1.1
-dcpth t.)
colour moist _LUY:L.,-,/1dry_3.5/2
consistence
cutans
CeMento,r;
pores
minera
carbonates
biol. feat.
common fine common flne
sor i ' C, .
ll, PROFILE DESCRIPTION SHEET ;;Clii,'..:::L5::'-.TE nF BOTSWANA ... I " /00:3
PROHLE NO. To 103 SHEr:T NO. GPi.'.) T:' I UNIT T
.:CA.TION, COORDINA1 ES . ...e uf , .,',. - : ,m1., ,
,:,,,c,:v,,,:-,:
(To
f',' ,' )1DATE 16/12/02 17417FtIOR paui ,/,f1,L ''',.
SOIL CLASSIFICATION ( AO) Eut,ric Fluy-is pi,OIL CLASSIFICAT/ON (ST)
1ELEVATiON m.i PHYSIOORAPHIC PO3ITIOr.1 slightup_ri,u .1_:ting I:MICRO-FOP
cori-TOPOGRAPHY .qt,"ly
SLOPE-1,a:- /'-,
,
I'-:'-'-.'. COND.LAND-USE VEC.7T,;',.. :ON , a vann a. wo cy"
SPECIES A ..:-,,,
' -ir .Int, aras;;: ut.onio r. T t., i c_.:C,
JDRAINAGE
S1.RF/1.
PARENT MATr.-,R,! .',.,1_ lac ust,rineMOISTURE COND. sl, moist at 90 c.. -,-.F S'inl-,TSROCK OUTCOPS
,,SiON-- si., ii: ry
P: i.'1...,):1-",irON
-IUMAN INFLUENCE
REMARKS
HORIZON DESCRIPTION
hor. symbol Ahl Ah2 C2depth 0-1 r-, 15-90 1 ,, I- ) ,-
colourdr-/
I Ci):q2 1Q_),)
,
I. ''',..772, 5, /,. / r
° Wing rj 11' ;f:111-, .. .r.'-,
(' : \-"-Mt._1')
' ' .: ' 1;y. , , O., .7::: S e.:....,111.nf,,ni,
' 7.5YR5 (
exturz... ,ic...-.; ', loam oilt., y clay silty cl.a.v
-,-L',...,:t- ,,a-c
,''Jr ?-I., , L'pir
silttore fine
5 5ng blo CI cy
,,- »
sq'oan,,,..., , - .-,
1 , ,:s s --..t .1.-.,--.-'..-,- --..,- el, ,:,-,
consis'sen --
soft ext, . ha] 1
cutans_
cementa ion _ _pores
,-'' le CO1.mon, fine 'omrnon, '' .: Ion, f'
.-
rock fragm._
mineral nod._
_
_
carbonates
biol. feat. _roots COrOnan, ' : e
;:mooth
' '--.1"-)
v.. ton. v. few 1
i
1, smocs '
', 0---.,'0
boundary'
o n . "1 1 n
;OIL PROFILL
'ROF ILE NO To 1
)OILcr../-6:)1Frc..nic.)N (sr)
LEVAT ION
'OPOGRAPHY
;LOPE
.ANE)
,PECIES
MAT EH Ltv-iLunv
ACAS friRt-.. ;;NE)
-
ROFACT4 r)r;or,i_
-1!JW N NFLIJFNCE
J.: MARKS
ioRlzor I r
)ur z
1ep',-, i 0,, )
,V(Air tr-q- ' ' ' . , /1 /,),_1
y
ncAIIng
i.,../.,i'.. ' 1-...1,' 7/ L L
;i
.. _ .... _. ..... _ . ..., ...._ _'...1. 1../."±fi -
i 1.- , HIi '
VLC,LÍAÍION
A.orUeuoeno A .rne..11ifera
/Id
v7;,:, i
L
V 41' . ¡J»,. .," I
iEEf NO.
!,
f-i e 'hie
SURVEY C j: N.A FAO 110T/80/003
GRID R. . UNiT
4!f.7. POSITION
mIcK(:),;op.
Ck
r-L,
,
FAC E. COND.
DRAIN AO:-
SURR.CE STONE;
S7'111\41 Y
Lta pat.
bUrr';
78 O.K. ito. 7.A-001,002
-,!0N ccor,,Lrs..t,:r:::s 15.4 k:.:
/L. /-T-' iThkIT'THOR,
. OIL C LASSIF IC -1%1 ION ( FAO) Calci ....:.LLLsol
SLOPE ).,LT COND.LP.ND - VEGL
51-1.:C L ,- f Lbicolor, C
7-'AREHT A,T
MO I SI
...1; N DEP
rJt.At,r IF1i..1ENce_k
'10P,IZCeN'
,
cOGtr
1+1.th
°
ttht,c3
C4 Qte4
cc -,1-00`
,
r v.
-,11
TORARIAUL:
.c.',TONES
5A1.1i 401'
L.CIOP TON C1r 14') I
(_OORD!NATE5
' All tr,01,
IC Al it-LO\' FA 0) H
r- :,' 'PON (!.;T)
I
C)r- BUYSWAN\
1)
'
FAO BOT
kiNi
SOIL PROFILL 0 7
PROHLf
LOCArl
DA f E
SOIL CìhSk_)11 C
-
ELE VAL ùH
TOPOC;4..,\
m
f'l
r'HYSIOGRAN-W.:. F011K.:IN
AOISTURE CC_Ji\ID I., at /4.C) cm
OUTC2.',.7'S
:RC..)SION
A ,` !
.At4D / VL:C;FIATION
3PECIES A ..Fri ellif ex a A.tort Grewi a f la va
HOT% : t
depth
colouru
; C i C2
i_ - , ) 30-50 50-1 L0+
,
10Y10/5 /
,1_C
rrh:Mlin,i
texture
structur,..,
. :r nd Cine sE '
o amy
to sand
1 sH11,..:L»..i.reles -1_,-k
St, ruct La. ele s :-,massive
structur ..
massive
consist,,,,i1 11..1.110¡
,.4.
so ft sof t
culrans1 _ _
cementation ._
pores, fine-mod fea In: .-;Yr. t 'W fix tc -Fr.lt,i 1
rock_
minerol nQa
carbo,--,,,- - -biol. i -roots ' -' ',:,Ii lo-med fe -S L V. few, f_i_ric
bound:.,1 ..iriloo i
78 C.K. no. 1A-OC
'OIL PROFWL 'ESCRIPTIC1'' Si-lEET SOIL SURV FAO BOT/80/003
)ROFILE NO. To 175 SHEET NO. 2022133 C.3,RID REF
.LL1 ,
.E,,et,swe
El71/1.1-1,--
UNIT LS17
,OCATION, COORDINATE Sehi-twa-Ta;.iil i J, 1,21.1 junction)ATE iL , AUTHOR
;OIL CLASSIFICATION (FAO) .Elatric o i(Dsol Qe
;OIL CLASSIFICATION (ST)
T:LEVATION PuY °GRAPHIC POSITION niaLii
roP0C-L' flat MIC01OR
LO PE E CO
RE \ bat profile,
WEN! MATERIAL OLLOÏL d
t s arm-
)ATE 23/2/213
AND-USE
iPECIES
,OCATION, COORDINATES
i011 CLASSIFICAi-ION (FAO)
;OIL CLA,IFICATiON (ST)
.ACV.:.TUR:F: CONO.
K OUTCROPS
dry
ROSION / DEPOSIT ON
-1UMAN UN-WU/Er-4CE-
:EMARKS
lORIZON DESCRIPTION
AUTHOR
Ferralie Areno sol
aGETATION shrub savanna
T.prunoides, A . erube
outline so uth ea st, of Pelobothoko
Paul and KntlT
lEVATION m. PHYSIOGRAPH C POSITION
OPOGRAPHY flat gently undulating
;LOPE 0
MiCr,:710R
SURFACE COND.
photo 151 BT 1' 071
DRAINAGE wellSURFACE STONES
SALINITY
FAO BOT/80 003
9 111------UNIT
G.bicolor
lor. symb d Ahl .A112 B
iepth
:olour moisic;iy
0-10 10-45 45-100+
7.5YR3/44/4
7.57W;1! »,
7.5YR4/65/6
'nottling
----extur,.
, tructure
fine sand 1::: 1 e sand
PI C,' ; I- , fine'i. ' -
, - ock , . , .-2ky E.1,. b Cloe'....
consistence' - .3 . lard so 51..1-lard s ft sl .ha,i.
cutans
cementation
porescommon : d common. . fine c .,... . fine
rock frc..n.
mineral no d,
carbonates_biol. feat.
roots
boundQryi
(. (.;,-111(), 1 1...,
,
'_,:'-'' ' 1
r) '
;OIL PROFILE DESCRIPTION SHEET SOIL SURVEY OF BOTSWANA
'ROFILE NO. To SHEET NO. 202,:e_D 2 GRID id:-.F.E.TT935
_
ov),_ 1 )
1:_X
uc-we
Crrlir
e
pores
rOr-,
tIOC:
biol.
undon.
:ry
' ;1_.c)(
flat,PHYSICX: ::\PHIC POSITIOV
MICROTOR
SL..k'FAC.I.: COND.
Ckl Ck2
70-08
10Y1-15/3.5
truct
+++
88-100+
SOIL PROFILE DESCRIPTION SHEET SOIL SURVEY OF BOTSWANA FAO 801/80/003
PROFILE NO. Ta 160 SHEET NO. '';'('32+37 UNIT KS
LOCA! ON, COORDINATES 1 Pa afte::.
1,, ,
1
)
,),LA. tDATE .1_( AUTHOR paal :;110
SOIL CLASSIFT:./N,TION (FAO) ala 0- ii 1].) J.
SOIL CL.AS:FiCATION (ST)
-__
AND .; ISi VI:ETAI-ION shrub and tree
SPECIES A. mellifera, A
' PAREN! 7 DR \INA',
MOTOPE RACE STONES-
SALit,IITY
ER(.)Si(Dh' Dri-POS:T:ON
/saclUf.-.HCE
REN.Ar
HOi;12_'...1\1 ,:-..'.7.47kirr101,1
PROFit.17; R(F.
LOCAT :()ORDl.')ATES
DATE AUTH,
SOIL C1.1' SSIFICAT ION (rAc) 1icSOR CIASSIF-ICATION SSU)
ELEVATION y. T PHYSV,
LAN:5 -
SPECIES
PAREN r.i0L_ _
MOIS I U/Zi:
Ai.
EF:0!..;K) 4^ ` ^ a.-
kEty4,i-v4:`, 1I,SS__.
hcr. svorir.,ji
biol. feat
' LoiAirico
L ,L5 sto(
roots_ .
4-..ortsislenr4e.
¡...1r/reS L '
I .
,
_
._
'.', I
if.,es, A. EX: cos
POSITION plain.
TOR
St_r:FACE. 40.
. fine vs. fill,'I-
-erne°,
l DRAINAGE \
SI i'Zi-',:tC2.E. STONES
I cto
soft,. 6.7.
151 EiT 1
y
Pc.°1 suPPyr - tu tu .t-
:c t...L.e.iPt'tftcc
SOIL P17:(2)ir'.,. SOL ',1,CitSV/ANA. FAO
TOPOC,i.'r'ri
SLOPE
mcDISTOkr
_
L,(.,61(- 4/ D:E-PC:isfficv
i,:.1)f(7,().°4 DEE.SCRE.'
t's
ot.
cutans
pores
rock
minerc
j/
o'.11) L r icaloo
'1 I
4
L .L1...1,1 ",, L
.(E.J,,
n
hard
1
Iuu.uf SRDNE-S
_
phot O 1/70 C0 K. no. 1A-007
iL PRnil L EF.CR Pre6°Y or724f)i-fu...VANA ):40 BO VC 0/003
PRC.FILEE Nu, --, 1 io
LOC A TiOi'l. COO RD K''.f ATES
,t4 ri: : , ,,
..r.....,ciLl.,...T .4C.,,)
_ . .. ' :
i ATEH3k
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. 1,
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Co u ,...,,,.: '1. to:, ,.. . L
Y;t,
sou. r,'"*X-.Ek.. A'7, ; An ,S(11.AL 'ST)
ELEVAriCti m,Pì Y0G!,,,AT'EtiC. '
10,,,,-)(,,R AVC, Ut 1\v:A
S'EOPE com)./ 1. .
. .
'f.'',PEC1Ect ) ,. . ) -k;k