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Flowcharts
Jack Mulhern
OISM 470W
Penn State University
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Flowcharts: Training Session
Overview
Detailed look at flowcharting
Real world examples
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Overview of Flowcharts
• What is a flowchart?
• How are they useful?
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What is a flowchart?
A.k.a. Process Flow Diagram
A diagram illustrating the activities of a process
One of Ishikawa’s seven basic tools of quality
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Brief History
No originator, or “father” of flowcharts
Forms of flowcharts have always been used
Give us insight into historical processes
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www.wiley.com/college/busin/icmis/oakman/home.htm
Flowchart Symbols
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Basic Flowchart
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Types of Flowcharts
Macro Flowcharts
Deployment Flowchart
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Macro Flowcharts
• High level perspective
• Steps in a process connected by a flow line
• Identifies problems in the process
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Deployment Flowcharts
Much more detailed
Assign the steps to the person who performed them
Shows how members of the project team are deployed, or used throughout the project.
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Overview of Flowcharts
• What is a flowchart?
• How are they useful?
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How are they useful?
Create visual maps of a process Help with planning a project Quality improvement tool
Identify processes that need improvement Identify unnecessary/ problem steps in a process Good communication tool
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Common Rules of Flowcharts
Indicate and label all elements of the project Sequence of events is clear No gaps or dead ends Must be logical to the user Use correct symbols
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Perspectives of Flowcharts
Producer
Service provider
Customer
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Real World Use of Flowcharts
Production Manufacturing Used to identify critical path
Accounting Help visualize money flow
Services Restaurants Real estate
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Real World (cont’d)
Education Curriculum flowcharts Student flow through process
Hospitals Patient flow Medical processes
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Class Exercise
Develop a flowchart for the process of conducting research
Base this flowchart on the actual process that you used for this project
Try and identify improvement areas
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Summary
Valuable and unique quality improvement tool
Simple and effective way of visualizing and understanding a process
Entire organization has an effect on the flowchart
Everyone involved can take part in improving the process
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Sources Used
Internet1. The Clinician’s Black Bag of Quality Improvement
Tools: Flowcharts. http://www.dartmouth.edu/~ogehome/CQI/index.html
2. The Computer Triangle. Robert L. Oakman. University of South Carolina. http://www.wiley.com/college/busin/icmis/oakman/home.htm
3. Flowcharts. This tool copyright University of Brighton. http://www.dipoli.hut.fi/org/TechNet/org/eurocinet/tool4.html
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Sources Used (cont’d.)
4. Studio 1151 Guidebook by Karen McNally and Alan Levine. Maricopa Center for Learning and Instruction (MCLI). Maricopa Community College. URL:http://www.mcli.dist.maricopa.edu/authoring/studio/guidebook/flow.html
5. Learning TeamFlow. Last Update: November 19, 1999. URL:http://www.teamflow.com/tuttv01.html
6. Quality Controll Tools: Flowcharts URL: http://deming.eng.clemson.edu/pub/tutorials/qctools/flowm.htm
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Sources Used (cont’d)
Books: 7. Managing Quality: An Integrative Approach. S.
Thomas Foster. Copyright 2001 by Prentice-Hall, Inc.