Download - Feed manufacturing technology
Current issues and challenges in Feed Manufacturing Technology
Muhammad Iqbal2011-PhD-2009
ImportanceFeed requirements for optimum performance
Genetic improvements
Environmental impact
Early weaning diets
Types of FeedMashPelletTMRPellet Advantages:• Decreased feed wastage• Reduced selective feeding• Decreased ingredient segregation• Destruction of pathogenic organisms• Thermal modification of starch and protein• Improved palatability
Feed processing
1. Raw material storage2. Grinding3. Weighing4. Mixing5. Liquid material addition6. Conditioning7. Pelleting8. Cooling9. Sieving10. Packing and storage
Grinding
Mixing
Homogenous blend
Types of Mixero Paddles o Agitatorso Ribbon
Ribbon MixerPaddle Mixer
Pelleting
Current Issues1) Ingredient availability and prices2) Fuel prices3) Grain particle size and its effect on animal performance4) Feed (nutrient) uniformity and its effect on animal
performance5) Toxins6) Pellet quality issuesAdditionally
In-line pellet moistureQuality controlHygienic treatment of finished feedsOdor controlLiquid ingredients addition
Raw Materials
• Availability
• Seasonal
• Price
• Quality inconsistency
• Environment
Toxins
• Anti-nutritional factors• Toxic metabolites– From ingredients– Due to storage
Effecto Animal Healtho Human health (M1 in milk)
Grain Particle size
> surface area Improve rate of digestion Increase fermentation rate Improve performance Decrease segregation and mixing problems Facilitate pelleting Development of ulcer
Optimum particle size of ground grain 4 - 4.8 mm ( 800-1000 μ)
Mixing ( Feed uniformity )
Most critical and essential operationsFactors1). Mixing time 2). Diet uniformity 3). ingredient segregation
Reduce • Nutrient uniformity• Animal performance
Coefficient of variation (CV) of less than 10%
Pellet Quality• Fines vs. Pellet• High shear conditioning• Amount of recycled material(cost)• Pellet Hardness
Factors effecting pellet QualityFormulation (40%)Grind (20%)Conditioning (20%)Die selection (15%)Cooling/drying (5%).
Refrences• Behnke, K.C. 1994. Factors affecting pellet quality. Proc.
Maryland Nutrition 46 Feed Manufacturing Technology Conference. Dept. of Poultry Science and Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Univ. of Maryland, College Park.
• Beumer, I.H. 1991. Quality assurance as a tool to reduce losses in animal feed production. Adv. Feed Technol. 6:6-23.
• Cabrera, M.R., Hancock, J.D., Behnke, K.C., Bramel-Cox, P.J., and Hines, R.H. 1993. Sorghum genotype and particle size affect growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and stomach morphology in finishing pigs. Swine Day Report-93, Kansas St. University, Manhattan. p 129.
Research Plan
Comparison of Rice polish, Molasses and Commercial Pellet Binder on Pellet quality
Thanks