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ผลกระทบการเปล ีย่นแปลงภูมอิากาศกบัลกัษณะเชงิพ ืน้ท ีต่่อปรากฏการณ์เกาะความร้อนเมอืงในเขตเมอืงเชยีงใหม่
Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai Metropolitan Area, Thailand
The 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
19 – 21 August 2010 IMPACT Exhibition and Convention Center
BANGKOK, THAILAND
น ำเสนอโดย
อำจำรยม์ำนัส ศรีวณิช คณะสถำปัตยกรรมศำสตรแ์ละกำรผงัเมอืง มหำวิทยำลยัธรรมศำสตร(์ศนูยร์งัสิต)
E-mail: [email protected]
![Page 2: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
ปรากฏการณ์เกาะความร้อนเมือง (Urban Heat Island :UHI)?
Figure 1: A stylized cross-section of a typical urban heat island (from Oke, 1978) Source: http://www.sc.edu/acmooregarden/UrbanHeatIslands.htm
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
“การท่ีอุณหภูมิท่ีช้ันอากาศใกล้พืน้ดิน ในเขตชุมชนเมืองสูงกว่าพืน้ท่ีโดยรอบท่ีเป็นเขตกสิกรรมและพืน้ท่ีปกคลมุด้วยป่าไม้ ประมาณ 2-5 องศาเซลเซียส”
![Page 3: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Fig. Schematic depiction of radiation and energy fluxes over an urban and a rural area on a clear day. source: adapted from Oke, T. 1988, The urban energy balance, Progress in Physical Geography.
กระบวนการเกิดปรากฏการณ์เกาะความร้อนเมือง
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
![Page 4: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
วตัถปุระสงคข์องการวิจยั (Objectives)
1. เพ่ือติดตามสถานการณ์อุณหภมิูพ้ืนผิวเมือง (Surface Urban Heat Island: SUHI) ของเมืองเชียงใหม่ดว้ยวธีิการประยกุตใ์ชเ้ทคโนโลยดีา้นการส ารวจระยะไกล (Remote Sensing) จากขอ้มูลคล่ืนอินฟราเรดความร้อน (Thermal Infrared Band) ดาวเทียม LANDSAT
2. ศึกษาปัจจยัความสัมพนัธ์ระหวา่งอุณหภมิูพ้ืนผิวกบัปัจจยัเชิงพ้ืนท่ีไดแ้ก่ ดชันีผลต่างพืชพรรณ (NDVI), ดชันีผลต่างน ้า (NDWI), ตวับ่งช้ีค่าระดบัความหนาแน่นของเมืองโดยใช ้F.A.R. และ B.C.R.
3. ใชเ้ป็นขอ้มูลพ้ืนฐานส าหรับการก าหนดมาตรการลดอุณหภมิูพ้ืนผวิและการวางแผนเมืองท่ีเป็นมิตรต่อส่ิงแวดลอ้มต่อไป
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
![Page 5: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
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พื้นทีศึ่กษา: เมืองเชียงใหม่และอ าเภอข้างเคียง
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
![Page 6: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
พฒันำกำรกำรขยำยตวัของเมืองเชียงใหม่
RTSD Aerial Photo 1954/2497 QuickBird Satellite 2008/2551
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
![Page 7: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
RTSD Aerial Photo 1954/2497
![Page 8: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
RTSD Aerial Photo 1975/2518
![Page 9: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
QuickBird Satellite 2008/2551
![Page 10: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
ส่ีแยกกลางเวยีง ภาพถ่ายทางอากาศ เม่ือ พ.ศ. 2512 , โดย บุญเสริม สาตราภยั
![Page 11: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
ภาพถ่ายทางอากาศ ทางซา้ยมือของภาพคือกาดหลวง, โดย บุญเสริม สาตราภยั
![Page 12: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
ภาพถ่ายทางอากาศ บริเวณตลาดวโรรสและศาลเจา้ปุนเถา้กง เม่ือ พ.ศ.2515, โดย บุญเสริม สาตราภยั
![Page 13: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
พ.ศ.2552 ท่ีมา:ชมรมร่มบินเชียงใหม่ http://www.chiangmaiparamotor.com
![Page 14: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
พ.ศ. 2552 ท่ีมา:ชมรมร่มบินเชียงใหม่ http://www.chiangmaiparamotor.com
![Page 15: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
RTSD Aerial Photo 1975/2518 QuickBird Satellite 2008/2551
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
การสูญเสียตน้ไมใ้หญ่ท่ีถูกตดัโค่นเพ่ือการก่อสร้างในเขตพ้ืนท่ีเมืองเชียงใหม่
![Page 16: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
ตน้ฉ าฉาสองฝ่ังถนนสายเชียงใหม่-สันก าแพง เม่ือ พ.ศ.2515,โดย บุญเสริม สาตราภยั
![Page 17: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
ตน้ฉ าฉาสองฝ่ังถนนสายเชียงใหม่-สนัก าแพง
![Page 18: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
QuickBird Satellite 2008/2551
![Page 19: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
QuickBird Satellite 2008/2551
![Page 20: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Air
Tem
pera
ture
(C
els
ius)
Date/Time
Urban
Rural สถานีท่าแพ ต.ช้างคลาน อ.เมืองเชียงใหม่
สถานีดอยสะเกด็ ต.เชิงดอย อ.ดอยสะเกด็
ท่ีมา: ข้อมลูอากาศประเทศไทย http://www.thaiweather.net
Wet Season Dry Season Dry Season
ความแตกต่างของอุณหภูมิอากาศในเขตเมืองเชียงใหม่กับนอกเขตเมืองในปี พ.ศ. 2552
Urban Heat Island Intensity
Urban Heat Island Intensity
Extend detail
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
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0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
45
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24
ความแตกต่างของอุณหภมูอิากาศระหว่างวันช่วงที่เกดิปรากฎการณ์เกาะความร้อน
Rural
Air
Tem
pe
ratu
re
(Cels
ius)
Heat Is
land
Inte
nsity
I February25,2009 I February 26,2009 I
Urban
Sunset Sunrise Sunset Sunrise
CLUHIT ru
Daytime Daytime Nighttime Nighttime Nighttime
ท่ีมา: ข้อมลูอากาศประเทศไทย http://www.thaiweather.net
Date/Time (hrs.)
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
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Characteristics of Landsat ETM+ (Enhanced Thematic Mapper Plus) Imagery of Chiang Mai, Thailand. February18,2006.
a. Band1 (0.450-0.515µm) b. Band2 (0.525-0.605µm) c. Band3 (0.603-0.690µm) d. Band4 (0.750-0.900µm)
Visible Blue Visible Green Visible Red Near Infrared
e. Band5 (1.550-1.750µm) f. Band6 (10.40-12.50µm) g. Band7 (2.080-2.350µm)
Middle Infrared Thermal Infrared Middle Infrared
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
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METHODOLOGY AND PROCESSING OF SATELLITE DATA
LANDSAT ETM+
Satellite images
March 5th, 2000 and February 18th, 2006
Thermal Infrared
Band (10.4–12.5 m) or Band 6
Conversion of digital
numbers to absolute radiance value
surface temperature in Celsius (˚C)
Radiometric and Geometric correction
Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI)
Spectral reflectance
in ETM+ red (band3)
and near-infrared (band4)
spectral reflectance
of near-infrared
band (band4) and
mid-infrared band (band5)
redNIR
redNIR
RR
RRNDVI
MIRNIR
MIRNIR
RR
RRNDWI
Normalized difference water index (NDWI)
Relationship between urban thermal environment and spatial characteristics
(correlation analysis and scatter diagram)
GIS Vector Data
Scale 1:4,000
Building Layers Survey in 2006
Spatial Pattern Analysis
(Quadrat Count Methods) 500 x 500 meters
Calculate floor area
ratio (F.A.R.) and
building coverage ratio (B.C.R.)
(Source: Department of
Public Works and Town & Country Planning)
![Page 24: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
(2)Ground-level
(3)Roof-top (4)Surface UHI (as
viewed by remote
sensor)
(1)Bird’s-eye
or plan view
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
อุณหภมูิพืน้ทีผ่ิว (Surface Urban Heat Island: SUHI)?
![Page 25: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
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0.00000 24.00000 48.00000
BCR
Y = 26.1594809 + 0.0881972X
R-Squared = 0.3097
22.65100
25.22800
27.80500
30.38200
32.95900
Me
an
LS
T (
Cen
tigra
de
)
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0.00000 24.00000 48.00000
BCR
Y = 26.1594809 + 0.0881972X
R-Squared = 0.3097
22.65100
25.22800
27.80500
30.38200
32.95900
Me
an
LS
T (
Cen
tigra
de
)
The unit space for spatial analysis was
built by 500m×500m GRID
การวเิคราะห์สหสัมพันธ์ร่วมกับระบบสารสนเทศภมูศิาสตร์ (GIS)
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
![Page 26: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
แนวโน้มและทศิการขยายตัวของเมืองเชียงใหม่
(a.) ปี พ.ศ. 2543 (b.) ปี พ.ศ. 2549
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
![Page 27: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
2 0 2
Kilo m eter s
Building Density
(Number of Build ing per Grid)
Retrieved from GIS data, Source: DTC P,T hailand
Grid Size: 500m.x500m.
Less than 100
101 - 200
201 - 300
301 - 400
401 - 500
More than 500
การกระจายตัวของอาคารบ้านเรือนในเขตเมืองเชียงใหม่และพืน้ทีโ่ดยรอบ
![Page 28: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
2 0 2
Kilo m eter s
Floor Area Ratio (FAR)
0.0 - 0.2
0.2 - 0.4
0.4 - 0.6
0.6 - 0.8
0.8 - 1.0
1.0 - 1.5
Retrieved from GIS data, Source: DTC P,Thailand
Grid Size: 500m.x500m.
2 0 2
Kilo m eter s
Building Coverage Ratio (BCR):
(Percentage)
Statistics; M ax im um =48.00, M ean=6.89
Grid S ize: 500m .x500m .
Less than 10
10 - 15
15 - 25
25 - 30
30 - 35
Over than 35
สดัส่วนพ้ืนทีอ่าคารคลมุดินกบัระดบัความหนาแน่นของเมืองในพ้ืนทีศึ่กษา
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
(a.) สดัสว่นพืน้ท่ีอาคารคลมุดิน (b.) ระดบัความหนาแน่นของเมือง
![Page 29: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
สดัส่วนพ้ืนทีอ่าคารคลมุดินกบัระดบัความหนาแน่นของเมืองในเขตเมืองเชียงใหม่
(a.) สดัสว่นพืน้ท่ีอาคารคลมุดิน (b.) ระดบัความหนาแน่นของเมือง
![Page 30: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
(a.) มนีาคม พ.ศ.2543 (b.) กุมภาพนัธ ์พ.ศ.2549
การประเมินความสมบรูณ์ของพืชพรรณจากการค านวณหาดชันีผลต่างพืชพรรณ (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index: NDVI)
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
![Page 31: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
1
2
3
(a.) มนีาคม พ.ศ.2543 (b.) กุมภาพนัธ ์พ.ศ.2549
สถานการณ์การเปลีย่นแปลงของความสมบรูณ์พืชพรรณในเขตพ้ืนทีเ่มืองเชียงใหม่
![Page 32: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
1
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
![Page 33: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
2 โรงเรียนปรินส์รอย์
ย่านวดัเกตการาม
รร.รถไฟ
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
![Page 34: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
3
คลองแม่
ข่า
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
![Page 35: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
การประเมินความชุ่มช้ืนจากการค านวณหาดชันีผลต่างน ้ าในเขตพ้ืนทีศึ่กษา (Normalized Difference Water Index: NDWI)
(a.) มนีาคม พ.ศ.2543 (b.) กุมภาพนัธ ์พ.ศ.2549
![Page 36: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
(a.) มนีาคม พ.ศ.2543 (b.) กุมภาพนัธ ์พ.ศ.2549
สถานการณ์การเปลีย่นแปลงความชุ่มช้ืนของน ้ าในเขตพ้ืนทีเ่มืองเชียงใหม่
![Page 37: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
(a.) มนีาคม พ.ศ.2543 (b.) กุมภาพนัธ ์พ.ศ.2549
การประเมินสถานการณ์การเปลีย่นแปลงอณุหภมิูพ้ืนผิวในเขตพ้ืนทีศึ่กษา (Surface Urban Heat Island: SUHI)
![Page 38: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
(a.) มนีาคม พ.ศ.2543 (b.) กุมภาพนัธ ์พ.ศ.2549
![Page 39: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
ย่านวัดเกตุ
ย่านสันป่าข่อย
ย่านช้างเผือก
ย่านวัวลาย สนามบินเชียงใหม่
การเคหะฯหนองหอย
ย่านวิทยาลัยครู
รพ.สวนดอก ย่านกาดหลวง
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
Surface Urban Heat Island (SUHI)
![Page 40: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
LST 2006LST 2006LST 2000LST 2000
Distance (meters)
76600
34
.59
24
.96
500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000
29
.96
A B
Su
rfa
ce T
em
pera
ture
C
en
tigra
de
)
LST2000
LST2006
Distance (meters)
76600
34
.59
24
.96
500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000
29
.96
A B
Surf
ace T
em
pera
ture
C
entigra
de)
Distance (meters)
76600
34
.59
24
.96
500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 4000 4500 5000 5500 6000 6500 7000
29
.96
A B
Surf
ace T
em
pera
ture
C
entigra
de)
0.2
23
-0.4
26
ND
VI / N
DW
I
LST NDVI
NDWI
A B
สนามบินเชียงใหม่
ในเขตคูเมืองเชียงใหม่
คาร์ฟร์ู
ยา่นวดัเกตุ สวนบวกหาด
ยา่นสนัป่าข่อย ยา่นววัลาย
ตลาดตน้ล าไย ยา่นประตูเชียงใหม่
![Page 41: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
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0.00000 24.00000 48.00000
BCR
Y = 26.1594809 + 0.0881972X
R-Squared = 0.3097
22.65100
25.22800
27.80500
30.38200
32.95900
Me
an L
ST
(C
en
tig
rad
e)
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1.000 406.000 811.000
Building Density
Y = 26.1868939 + 0.0052722X
R-Squared = 0.2250
22.651
25.228
27.805
30.382
32.959
Mean L
ST
(C
entigra
de)
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0.00000 0.72500 1.45000
FAR
Y = 26.3296847 + 3.9614258XR-Squared = 0.2525
22.65100
25.22800
27.80500
30.38200
32.95900
Mean L
ST
(C
entigra
de)
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-0.30000 0.03500 0.37000
Mean NDVI
Y = 26.4673345 - 8.6954943XR-Squared = 0.3230
22.65100
25.22800
27.80500
30.38200
32.95900
Mean L
ST
(C
entigra
de)
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-0.40000 -0.13000 0.14000
Mean NDWI
Y = 23.8166632 - 16.6466089XR-Squared = 0.7565
22.65100
25.22800
27.80500
30.38200
32.95900
Me
an L
ST
(C
en
tig
rad
e)
(a) (b)
(d)(c)
(e)
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0.00000 24.00000 48.00000
BCR
Y = 26.1594809 + 0.0881972X
R-Squared = 0.3097
22.65100
25.22800
27.80500
30.38200
32.95900
Me
an L
ST
(C
en
tig
rad
e)
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1.000 406.000 811.000
Building Density
Y = 26.1868939 + 0.0052722X
R-Squared = 0.2250
22.651
25.228
27.805
30.382
32.959
Mean L
ST
(C
entigra
de)
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0.00000 0.72500 1.45000
FAR
Y = 26.3296847 + 3.9614258XR-Squared = 0.2525
22.65100
25.22800
27.80500
30.38200
32.95900
Mean L
ST
(C
entigra
de)
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-0.30000 0.03500 0.37000
Mean NDVI
Y = 26.4673345 - 8.6954943XR-Squared = 0.3230
22.65100
25.22800
27.80500
30.38200
32.95900
Mean L
ST
(C
entigra
de)
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-0.40000 -0.13000 0.14000
Mean NDWI
Y = 23.8166632 - 16.6466089XR-Squared = 0.7565
22.65100
25.22800
27.80500
30.38200
32.95900
Me
an L
ST
(C
en
tig
rad
e)
(a) (b)
(d)(c)
(e)
Land Surface Temperature (LST)
Normalized Difference
Vegetation Index (NDVI)
Normalized Difference
Water Index (NDWI)
Correlation Analysis between land surface
temperature (LST), NDVI and NDWI
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
![Page 42: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
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0.00000 24.00000 48.00000
BCR
Y = 26.1594809 + 0.0881972X
R-Squared = 0.3097
22.65100
25.22800
27.80500
30.38200
32.95900
Me
an L
ST
(C
en
tig
rad
e)
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1.000 406.000 811.000
Building Density
Y = 26.1868939 + 0.0052722X
R-Squared = 0.2250
22.651
25.228
27.805
30.382
32.959
Mean L
ST
(C
entigra
de)
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0.00000 0.72500 1.45000
FAR
Y = 26.3296847 + 3.9614258XR-Squared = 0.2525
22.65100
25.22800
27.80500
30.38200
32.95900
Mean L
ST
(C
entigra
de)
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-0.30000 0.03500 0.37000
Mean NDVI
Y = 26.4673345 - 8.6954943XR-Squared = 0.3230
22.65100
25.22800
27.80500
30.38200
32.95900
Mean L
ST
(C
entigra
de)
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-0.40000 -0.13000 0.14000
Mean NDWI
Y = 23.8166632 - 16.6466089XR-Squared = 0.7565
22.65100
25.22800
27.80500
30.38200
32.95900
Me
an L
ST
(C
en
tig
rad
e)
(a) (b)
(d)(c)
(e)
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0.00000 24.00000 48.00000
BCR
Y = 26.1594809 + 0.0881972X
R-Squared = 0.3097
22.65100
25.22800
27.80500
30.38200
32.95900
Me
an L
ST
(C
en
tig
rad
e)
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1.000 406.000 811.000
Building Density
Y = 26.1868939 + 0.0052722X
R-Squared = 0.2250
22.651
25.228
27.805
30.382
32.959
Mean L
ST
(C
entigra
de)
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0.00000 0.72500 1.45000
FAR
Y = 26.3296847 + 3.9614258XR-Squared = 0.2525
22.65100
25.22800
27.80500
30.38200
32.95900
Mean L
ST
(C
entigra
de)
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-0.30000 0.03500 0.37000
Mean NDVI
Y = 26.4673345 - 8.6954943XR-Squared = 0.3230
22.65100
25.22800
27.80500
30.38200
32.95900
Mean L
ST
(C
entigra
de)
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-0.40000 -0.13000 0.14000
Mean NDWI
Y = 23.8166632 - 16.6466089XR-Squared = 0.7565
22.65100
25.22800
27.80500
30.38200
32.95900
Me
an L
ST
(C
en
tig
rad
e)
(a) (b)
(d)(c)
(e)
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0.00000 24.00000 48.00000
BCR
Y = 26.1594809 + 0.0881972X
R-Squared = 0.3097
22.65100
25.22800
27.80500
30.38200
32.95900
Me
an L
ST
(C
en
tig
rad
e)
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1.000 406.000 811.000
Building Density
Y = 26.1868939 + 0.0052722X
R-Squared = 0.2250
22.651
25.228
27.805
30.382
32.959
Mean L
ST
(C
entigra
de)
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0.00000 0.72500 1.45000
FAR
Y = 26.3296847 + 3.9614258XR-Squared = 0.2525
22.65100
25.22800
27.80500
30.38200
32.95900
Mean L
ST
(C
entigra
de)
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-0.30000 0.03500 0.37000
Mean NDVI
Y = 26.4673345 - 8.6954943XR-Squared = 0.3230
22.65100
25.22800
27.80500
30.38200
32.95900
Mean L
ST
(C
entigra
de)
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-0.40000 -0.13000 0.14000
Mean NDWI
Y = 23.8166632 - 16.6466089XR-Squared = 0.7565
22.65100
25.22800
27.80500
30.38200
32.95900
Me
an L
ST
(C
en
tig
rad
e)
(a) (b)
(d)(c)
(e)
Land Surface Temperature (LST)
Floor Area Ratio (FAR)
Building Coverage Ratio (BCR)
Density of Building
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
Correlation Analysis between land surface temperature
(LST), F.A.R. and B.C.R.
![Page 43: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
ตลาดวโรรส
วดัแสนฝาง
ตลาดวโรรส
วดัแสนฝาง
![Page 44: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
![Page 45: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
![Page 46: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
Chiang mai Business Park Chiang mai Business Park
![Page 47: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
มาตรการลดอณุหภูมิพืน้ผิวและการวางแผนเมืองที่
เป็นมิตรต่อส่ิงแวดล้อม
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
![Page 48: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
![Page 49: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
Parking Lot Shade
Cool Roofing
![Page 50: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
หลงัคาเขียว (Green roof)
![Page 51: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
ศ. เดชา บญุค า้, แนวคิดการเพ่ิมพืน้ท่ีสีเขียวในภาคธุรกิจเอกชน: 2552
หลงัคาเขียว (Green roof)
![Page 52: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Fukuoka, Japan
ศ. เดชา บุญค า้ , แนวคิดการเพ่ิมพืน้ท่ีสีเขียวในภาคธุรกิจเอกชน: 2552
![Page 53: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
ก าแพงเขียว (Green walls)
การปกคลุมผนงัอาคารดา้นถูกแดดดว้ยพืชพรรณ
ตน้ไมจ้ะลดการแผรั่งสีดว้ยการดูดซบัพลงังานแสงแดดและคายน ้าเพื่อท าความเยน็
ศ. เดชา บุญค า้ , แนวคิดการเพ่ิมพืน้ท่ีสีเขียวในภาคธุรกิจเอกชน: 2552
![Page 54: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
แนวคดิเชิงการผงัเมือง (ความสัมพนัธ์ระหว่างความหนาแน่นกบัทีเ่ว้นว่าง)
ศ. เดชา บุญค า้ , แนวคิดการเพ่ิมพืน้ท่ีสีเขียวในภาคธุรกิจเอกชน: 2552
![Page 55: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
แนวคดิเชิงการผังเมือง (ความสัมพนัธ์ระหว่างความหนาแน่นกบัทีเ่ว้นว่าง)
ศ. เดชา บุญค า้ , แนวคิดการเพ่ิมพืน้ท่ีสีเขียวในภาคธุรกิจเอกชน: 2552
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
![Page 56: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
แนวคดิเชิงการผังเมือง (ความสัมพนัธ์ระหว่างความหนาแน่นกบัทีเ่ว้นว่าง)
ศ. เดชา บุญค า้ , แนวคิดการเพ่ิมพืน้ท่ีสีเขียวในภาคธุรกิจเอกชน: 2552
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
![Page 57: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
แนวคดิเชิงการผังเมือง (ความสัมพนัธ์ระหว่างความหนาแน่นกบัทีเ่ว้นว่าง)
ศ. เดชา บุญค า้ , แนวคิดการเพ่ิมพืน้ท่ีสีเขียวในภาคธุรกิจเอกชน: 2552
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
![Page 58: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
แนวคดิเชิงการผังเมือง (ความสัมพนัธ์ระหว่างความหนาแน่นกบัทีเ่ว้นว่าง)
ศ. เดชา บุญค า้ , แนวคิดการเพ่ิมพืน้ท่ีสีเขียวในภาคธุรกิจเอกชน: 2552
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
![Page 59: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
แนวคดิเชิงการผังเมือง (ความสัมพนัธ์ระหว่างความหนาแน่นกบัทีเ่ว้นว่าง)
ศ. เดชา บุญค า้ , แนวคิดการเพ่ิมพืน้ท่ีสีเขียวในภาคธุรกิจเอกชน: 2552
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
![Page 60: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
การแบ่งขัน้ตอนการพฒันาทางกายภาพ
การพัฒนาระยะแรก การพัฒนาระยะกลาง การพัฒนาระยะสุดท้าย ศ. เดชา บุญค า้ , แนวคิดการเพ่ิมพืน้ท่ีสีเขียวในภาคธุรกิจเอกชน: 2552
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
![Page 61: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
ศ. เดชา บุญค า้ , แนวคิดการเพ่ิมพืน้ท่ีสีเขียวในภาคธุรกิจเอกชน: 2552
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ศ. เดชา บุญค า้ , แนวคิดการเพ่ิมพืน้ท่ีสีเขียวในภาคธุรกิจเอกชน: 2552
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ศ. เดชา บุญค า้ , แนวคิดการเพ่ิมพืน้ท่ีสีเขียวในภาคธุรกิจเอกชน: 2552
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หมู่บ้าน Ballwin Hills ในนครลอสแองเจลลิส พ.ศ. 2472
ศ. เดชา บุญค า้ , แนวคิดการเพ่ิมพืน้ท่ีสีเขียวในภาคธุรกิจเอกชน: 2552
THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
![Page 65: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/65.jpg)
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THE 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
![Page 67: Effects of Climate Change and Spatial Characteristics on Urban Heat Island in Chiang Mai](https://reader034.vdocuments.us/reader034/viewer/2022042715/559531841a28ab1f458b4677/html5/thumbnails/67.jpg)
จบการน าเสนอ, ขอบคุณทุกท่านครบั.
เสนอโดย อาจารยม์านสั ศรีวณิช คณะสถาปัตยกรรมศาสตร์และการผงัเมือง มหาวทิยาลยัธรรมศาสตร์
The 1st Climate Thailand Conference 2010:
National Risks and Opportunities in Global Climate Changes
19 – 21 August 2010 IMPACT Exhibition and Convention Center