September 4, 2013
Connected Cars: Changing the Future of Transporta5on R.L. Ber3ni Portland State University [email protected]
Governor’s Energy Plan 2012 § Maximize Energy Efficiency and
Conserva3on § Enhance Clean Energy Infrastructure § Accelerate Market Transi3on to More
Efficient, Cleaner Transporta3on System
Targets ac3vi3es to accelerate the deployment of intelligent transporta3on systems and electric vehicles, including
poten3al integra3on with grid moderniza3on ini3a3ves
§ Con3nued Investment in Compact,
Mul3modal and Mixed-‐Use Communi3es § Accelerated Fleet Turnover (Residen3al
and Commercial) to Alterna3ve Fuels § Implementa3on of Intelligent
Transporta3on Systems § Innova3on in Financing a Clean
Transporta3on System
Weather Crashes Traffic Pollution
Connected vehicles can help. They use wireless communication between vehicles and infrastructure to help prevent crashes, make travel easier, and curb pollution.
All vehicles, regardless of type, will communicate with each other using a wireless technology called Dedicated Short-Range Communications (DSRC).
DSRC
Connected vehicles have the potential to address up to 81% of unimpaired crash scenarios.
Connected vehicles will provide drivers with warnings to help them avoid crashes.
Trucks, transit, and emergency vehicles are connected vehicles too.
The vehicle information communicated does not identify the driver or vehicle, and technical controls have been put in place to help prevent vehicle tracking and tampering with the system.
Imagine if the cars in front of you could send you information about dangerous road conditions ahead, such as icy roads, fog, heavy rain, and snow.
Imagine your car informing you of available parking on the next block, your cell phone telling you a cab is approaching, or your car helping you find a rideshare partner.
Consider the ways in which increased travel information can help the environment. Connected vehicles can help.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zuf2VNWGMnY
Safety § 32,788 fatali3es in 2010 (-‐3% from 2009) § 1.09 fatali3es per 100 MVMT (VMT +0.7% in 2010) § 2.2 M injuries in 2009 § 5.5 M crashes in 2009 § $230 B total cost (including medical) § Leading cause of death for ages 4 to 34 Accessibility, Reliability and Mobility § 4.8B hours travel delay (34 hours/auto commuter) § $115 billion cost of urban conges3on Household Market Basket § Second biggest monthly expense, a`er housing Sustainability § 28% of GHG emissions (78% CO, 58% NOx, 36% VOCs) § 29% of energy consumed (mostly petroleum) § 70% of petroleum consump3on (60% imported) § 3.9 billion gallons of wasted fuel § Half of Americans live in areas that exceed air quality
standards for at least one pollutant.
U.S. Transport Sector Impacts
Evolu3on of U.S. ITS Program
Congressional Legislation Dates and Mission Intermodal Surface Transportation Efficiency Act (ISTEA)
1991–1997 (extended to July 1998) § Research and Development § Operational Tests § Technical assistance including architecture
and standards Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century (TEA-21)
1998–2003 (extended to August 2005) § Policy and Institutional Challenges to
Deployment § ITS Deployment Program (Congressionally
designated) § Model Deployment Initiatives
Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU)
2005–2009 (extended to March 31, 2012) § Research § Mainstreaming ITS
Moving Ahead for Progress in the 21st Century (MAP-21)
2012-2014
Intelligent Vehicle in 2013 § 2012 Ford Focus
§ $20,000 § EPA Ra3ng 28 mpg City/
40 mpg Highway § Adap3ve cruise control § Forward Collision Mi3ga3on § Blind spot informa3on system § Traffic sign recogni3on § Lane keeping aid § Driver alert
§ Connected vehicles and infrastructure § IIHS es3mate that FCW, LDW, Side View Assist
and Adap3ve Headlights could prevent/ mi3gate 33% of fatal and 20% of injury crashes
§ "This technology more than anything else holds great promise to protect lives and prevent injuries," NTSB Chairman Deborah Hersman
Vision for Connected Future
Infrastructure
Vehicles
Vision for Connected Future
Infrastructure
Rail
Mari5me
Drivers and Operators
Wireless Devices
Vehicles and Fleets
Solu3ons for 80% of Crashes
Rear End Warning 28% Lane Departure 23% Intersection 25% Lane Change 9% Backover 2% Opposite Direction 2%
Connected Vehicles and Travelers
“Here I Am” / Where’s My Bus/Carpool?
la3tude, longitude, 3me, heading angle, speed, lateral accelera3on, longitudinal accelera3on, yaw rate, throlle posi3on, brake status, steering angle,
headlight status, wiper status, external temperature, turn signal status, vehicle length, vehicle width,
vehicle mass, bumper height
Safety Pilot
V2V Forward Collision Warning
Emergency Electronic Brake Light Intersec3on Movement Assist
Blind Spot Warning/Lane Change Warning
Do Not Pass Warning Le` Turn Across Path/Opposite
Direc3on Right Turn in Front
V2I Signal Phase and Timing Curve Speed Warning
Railroad Crossing Warning Pedestrian Detec3on
11 Safety Pilot Applica3ons
Device Installa3on Examples
Antenna
+
Antenna
+
Driver display
DAS sensors, OEM can bus
DAS Antenna
Inertial Mment Unit
Data Acquisition System (DAS)
Vehicle Awareness Device
A`ermarket Safety Device
A`ermarket Safety Device with Data Acquisi3on
System (DAS)
Data Acquisi3on from: § A`ermarket device § Radar or ranging device(s) § 4 cameras, microphone § OEM CAN bus data § Vehicle mo3on § Cell & GPS antennas
Basic Safety Message
SAE J2735 Basic Safety Message
Major Attributes
Temporary ID
Time
Latitude
Longitude
Elevation
Speed
Heading
Acceleration
Brake System Status
Vehicle Size
Poten5al End State Current State
Poten5al Interim States
T
V
I T
V
I
T
V
I
Data Environment Evolu3on
TRAVELER
VEHICLE
INFRASTRUCTURE
“some”
“a few”
“nearly zero”
VEHICLE
TRAVELER
“nearly all”
“some”
“where needed”
INFRASTRUCTURE
Data Environment
Real-‐5me Data Capture and Management Mobility Applica5ons
Transit Data
Truck Data
Reduce Speed 35 MPH
Weather Application
Transit Signal Priority
Fleet Management/
Dynamic Route Guidance
Mobility Program
High Priority Mobility Applica3ons
ISIG
ECO
TSP
ARTERIALDATA
ENVIRONMENTS
PED
SIG
FSP
PRE
EMPT
SPD
HARM
CACC
Q
WARN
FREEWAYDATA
ENVIRONMENTS
RAMP
INC
ZONERESP
STG
ATIS
FDRG
FATIS
REGIONAL(INFO) DATA
ENVIRONMENTS
DR-
OPT
S
PARK
WX
INFO
[EV]
DRG
ICM
WX -
MDSSVMT
CORRIDOR
(CONTROL)DATA
ENVIRONMENTS
TCON
NECT
TDISP
DRIDE
EFP
ETC
EVAC
TMAP
PERF
MEAS
PERF
MEAS
PERF
MEAS
PERF
MEAS
PERF
MEAS
PERF
MEAS
PERF
MEAS
MAY
DAY
LEGEND
DMA PROGRAM FUNDED
DMA SUPPORTED (NOT FUNDED),OPEN TO OTHER PROGRAMSAND RESEARCHERS
ENABLE ATIS
R.E.S.C.U.M.E*
*JOINTLY FUNDED BY DMA AND PUBLIC SAFETY PROGRAMS
FRATIS
Dynamic Mobility Applica3ons
§ Enable Advanced Traveler Informa3on System (EnableATIS)
§ Freight Advanced Traveler Informa3on Systems (FRATIS)
§ Integrated Dynamic Transit Opera3ons (IDTO)
§ Intelligent Network Flow Op3miza3on (INFLO)
§ Mul3-‐Modal Intelligent Traffic Signal Systems (MMITSS)
§ Response, Emergency Staging and Communica3ons, Uniform Management, and Evacua3on (R.E.S.C.U.M.E.)
AERIS Program
§ Low Emission Zone
§ Eco-‐integrated Corridor Management
§ Eco-‐Signal Opera3ons
§ Eco-‐Lanes § Support
Alterna3ve Fuel Vehicle Opera3ons
§ Eco-‐Traveler Informa3on
Test Bed Investments
Test Bed Investments
OR
Policy Issues
Governance
Liability
Sustainability
Legisla3on
Policy Issues
Privacy
Risk Cer3fica3on
Cyber/ Security
Data Governance
Implementa3on Liability
Sustainability Deployment Approach Financing Legisla3on
Join us on September 16!
More informa3on and to register: hlp://otrec.us/events/special/OTS
The highlights of the 5th Annual Oregon Transporta3on Summit include: § OTREC Research Poster
Exhibit (7-‐8am and during breaks)
§ Plenary session on MAP21 with Adie Tomer (Brookings Ins3tu3on) and Rep. Tobias Read
§ Keynote presenta3on by author Taras Grescoe (Straphanger)
§ Eight workshops on topics ranging from bike/ped safety to connected vehicles
Thank You for Your Alen3on