Download - DNIS in SRC
- 1. Ahmed Saeed, KarimHabak, MahmoudFouad and
MoustafaYoussef
Nile University, Egypt
SRC, MobiCom2009, Beijing, China
DNIS:A Middleware for Dynamic Multiple Network Interface Scheduling
2. Outline
- Motivation
3. What is DNIS ? 4. Scheduling algorithms 5. Maximum
Throughput-based Selection 6. Implementation 7. Results 8. Related
WorkSRC, MobiCom 2009
9. Motivation
Mobile devices in a lot of environments can find different possible
ways to connect to the internet
(Wi-Fi, Modem, LAN, etc)
Available operating systems can only connect to one of those
interfaces at a time
Socket API
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10. What is DNIS ?
DNIS stands for Dynamic Network Interface Scheduler
DNIS is used for bandwidth aggregation of the available network
interfaces
Boosting the total devices bandwidth
Increasing the stability of the internet connection
Works at the socket-level and finds the best interface for each new
socket connection
Process Estimator
Scheduler
Interface Estimator
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11. Scheduling Algorithms
Choosing only one interface
Round Robin selection
Maximum Throughput based selection
Profile based selection (ongoing)
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12. Maximum Throughput-based Selection
Selects one of the available interfaces for an incoming connection
so that the system finishes its current load as soon as
possible
Depends on
Estimated Network Interface and application parameters:
Average no. of bytes received/sent by an application per
connection
Max. speed attained by a network interface
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13. Maximum Throughput-based Selection(Contd)
IF1 (100 Kb/s) IF 2 (60 Kb/s)
At t = 0
At t = 2
At t = 4
At t = 7
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14. Implementation
DNIS uses the same concepts used by firewalls and network proxies
tocontrol the network flow
One of its components is a service that is used to intercept
socket-based connection requests and assign proper network
interfaces
to them
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15. Results
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Large Clients = 50 Mbs
Medium Clients = 5 Mbs
Small Clients = 250 Kbs
16. Related Work
Physical Layer BA
Special hardware needed
Network Layer BA
A proxy is needed [Chebrolu, Wireless Networks 2007]
Transport Layer BA
New protocols needed, suggesting changes in legacy servers [Hsieh,
MobiCom02] [Magalhaes, ICNP 2001]
Session Layer BA
Needs changes in the clients application. [Zaharia, STOC SRC
2007]
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17. Ongoing Work
Estimation granularity
Process, connection
Profile-based approach
QoS, priorities
Process estimation
UDP
Should different datagrams use the same interface?
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18. Conclusion
We have a lot of unutilized resources!
DNIS is a middleware that helps a client device utilize all of its
networking resources with no modifications needed on the
cloud
A stable version will be available soon on winc.nileu.edu.eg
SRC, MobiCom 2009
19. Thank You!
Questions ?
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20. Related work
21. Network Layer
22. A Network Layer Approach to Enable TCP over Multiple Interfaces
(Wireless Networks,Volume 11 , Issue 5 (September 2005)Pages: 637
650, Year of Publication:2005, ISSN:1022-0038)
By: KAMESWARI CHEBROLU of California at San Diego, La Jolla and
BHASKARAN RAMAN of Indian Institute of Technology.
Idea: Same as the one before it (proxies) but it supports the TCP
protocol as it lets the proxy handle the aggregation.
Advantages:
Transparent to the application.
Easier to get estimations
Disadvantages:
Complicated (Needs to handle packets and route them to the
appropriate interface).
Needs a proxy service
23. Session Layer
24. Fast and Optimal Scheduling Over Multiple Network Interfaces
(University of Waterloo Technical Report CS-2007-36, October
2007)
By: Matei A. Zahariaof California Berkely and SrinivasanKeshav of
Waterloo
Idea: Extending the implementation of Opportunistic Communication
Management Protocol to make it aware of the available interfaces,
then connecting the different interfaces each to a proxy that
handles connecting to the internet for it.
Advantages:
Optimal and linear algorithm.
Disadvantages:
The need for the proxy,
static algorithm,
not transparent to the applications.
25. Transport Layer
26. R-MTP (Reliable Multiplexing Transport Protocol) ICNP
2001
By: LuizMagahlaes in University of Illinois
Idea: Creating a new protocol on the transport layer that
virtualizes the different interfaces and aggregates the
bandwidth.
Adv. :
Transparent to applications
transparent to hardware
easier to get estimations.
Disadv. :
Complicated (packets should be monitored, changes in the protocol
chain should be made)
requires changes in legacy internet servers for
compatability.
27. Between the session layer and the transport(Socket Layer)
28. Design and Implementation of a Socket-level Bandwidth
Aggregation Mechanism for Wireless Networks (WICON; Vol. 220)
By: Hiroshi SAKAKIBARA et al. School of Media and Governanc Keio
University 5322, Endo, Fujisawa, Kanagawa, Japan
Idea: SBAM (Socket Bandwidth Aggregation Mechanism). Which changes
the structure of the socket to be able to manipulate the headers.
The new type of server should be available at the server and the
client.
Advantages:
Transparent to the applications
Transparent to the hardware
Better utilization as a single connection can be distributed to
different interfaces
Disadvantages:
It should be put on the servers too.
Complicated because it includes packets reordering and headers
manipulation which might result in an overhead.
29. DNIS
Idea: Changing the socket layer to intercept connections on the
client and using estimations about the applications and the
interfaces, DNIS can assign those connections to the interfaces
depending on the load it can take.
Advantages:
Transparent to the hardware.
Transparent to the applications.
No need for changes on server.
Easy to plug in the client.
Simple and easy to trace and control and has low overhead(no packet
manipulation)
Disadvantages:
Lack of full utilization as connections are distributed over the
interfaces not the packets so if a connection finished early its
interface wouldnt be utilized.
30. Link Layer
31. Link layer
Its supported widely but it needs matching end points and
homogenous links.
It makes changes on the physical layer and it needs also matching
connections.
For more information please check this link
http://www.ieee802.org/3/hssg/public/apr07/frazier_01_0407.pdf