DIANE L. HURST, ED. D.INSTRUCTIONAL SERVICES
LANCASTER-LEBANON IU 1318TH ANNUAL EDUCATION CONFERENCE
JUNE 21, 2011
Purpose
• Provide overview of the Common Core State Standard initiative
• Take a deeper look at the Common Core specifically for mathematics
• How will the Common Core impact the math classroom
• Alignment between Eligible Content and Common Core
WWW.PDESAS.ORG
What are educational standards?
• Help teachers ensure their students have the skills and knowledge they need to be successful by providing clear goals for student learning.
Why do we need educational standards?
• Disparate standards across states• Global competition• Today’s jobs require different skills• States are ready and able for collective action
Why is this important for students, teachers, and parents?
• Prepares students with the knowledge and skills they needs to succeed in college and work
• Ensures consistent expectations regardless of a student’s zip code
• Provides clear, focused guideposts
Overview of Initiative
• State-led and developed• Informed by best available evidence and
research• Reflect aspirations of our children and realities
of the classroom• Benchmarked to international standards– Ensures students competitive in emerging global
marketplace
Overview of Initiative
• Two content areas:– K-12 English/language arts– K-12 mathematics
• Led by:– Council of Chief State School Officers (CCSSO)– National Governors Association for Best Practice
(NGA)– Parents, teachers, school administrators
Teacher Involvement
• Teachers have been critical voice in the development of the standards
• Teacher provided feedback through:– National Education Association (NEA)– American Federation of Teachers (AFT)– National Council of Teachers of Mathematics
(NCTM)– National Council of Teachers of English (NTE)
Are these national standards?
• Federal government was NOT involved in the development of the standards.
• State-led and driven initiative• States voluntarily adopt the standards
Why only English-language arts and mathematics?
• Skills, upon which students build skill sets in other subject areas
• Most frequently assessed for accountability purposes
• Other subject areas may be developed
On July 1, 2010
• Pennsylvania State Board of Education adopted the CCSS for– ELA– Mathematics
• At that time, 18th state to do so• Unanimous vote• Followed six months careful study
PDE’s Transition Plan
• Cross walk PA Standards to CCSS to verify degree of alignment
• Evaluate the SAS Curriculum Framework to gauge its correlation to CC
• Align Assessment Anchors and Eligible Content to CC
• Review Keystone Exam blueprints to determine linkages to CC
2010-2011
PDE Responsibility District
CC transition teams complete alignment study and develop PA CC framework
Curriculum and instruction based on the current PA Academic Standards
Continued development of Keystone Exams based on content aligned to the CC
PSSA based on current eligible content aligned to PA Standards (through 2013 administration)
Professional development offered for districts to begin transition plans
Attendance at PDE/IU staff development sessions to begin transition planning
2011-2012
PDE Responsibility District
Ongoing PD to assist districts in creating transition plans and aligning curriculum and instruction to PA CC standards
Curriculum and instruction based on current PA Academic Standards
Standards Aligned System (SAS) is fully aligned to PA CC Standards
Create instructional redesign cycle and begin modification of district-approved curricula in ELA and Mathematics using CC Standards alignment documentation provided by PDE
2012-2013
PDE Responsibility District
Ongoing professional development to support full implementation in PA schools
Continue with curriculum rewrites, with July 1, 2013 target date for full implementation of PA CC
Professional Development Plan
• December 2010 Institute• Professional development sessions across
Pennsylvania• IU personnel trained to assist school districts• Full implementation by July 1, 2013
WWW.CORESTANDARDS.ORG
CCSS for Mathematics
Research studies show…
• United States is behind other countries in mathematics education
• High-performing countries have a more focused mathematics curriculum
• United States must become substantially more focused and coherent in order to improve mathematics
• Address the problem of “a mile wide and inch deep”
Features of the CCSS
• Fewer and more rigorous• Aligned with college and work expectations• Focused and coherent• Rigorous content and application of higher-order
skills• Build upon strengths and lessons of current state
standards• Internationally benchmarked• Research based
Intent of CCSS
• Same goals for all students• Coherence• Focus• Clarity and Specificity
Coherence
• Articulated progressions of topics and performances that are developmental and connected to other progressions
• Conceptual understanding and procedural skills stressed equally
NCTM states coherence also means that instruction, assessment, and curriculum are aligned.
Focus
• Key ideas, understandings, and skills are identified
• Deep learning of concepts is emphasized
Clarity and Specificity
• Skills and concepts are clearly defined• Being able to apply concepts and skills to new
situations is expected
Design and Organization
• Standards for Mathematical Practice– Carry across all grade levels– Describe the habits of mind of a mathematically
expert student
Standards of Mathematical Practice
• Describe varieties of expertise that mathematics educators should seek to develop in students
• Rest on important “processes and proficiencies”
• Not intended to be new names for old ways of doing things
Standards of Mathematical Practices
1) Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them.2) Reason abstractly and quantitatively.3) Construct viable arguments and critique the reasoning
of others.4) Model with mathematics.5) Use appropriate tools strategically.6) Attend to precision.7) Look for and make use of structure.8) Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning.
NCTM Process Standards CCSS Standards for Mathematical Practice
Problem Solving 1. Make sense of problems and persevere in solving them.5. Use appropriate tools strategically.
Reasoning and Proof 2. Reason abstractly and quantitatively.3. Critique the reasoning of others.8. Look for and express regularity in repeated reasoning.
Communication 3. Construct viable arguments.
Connections 6. Attend to precision.7. Look for and make use of structure.
Representations 4. Model with Mathematics.
NCTM Process Standards andthe CCSS Standards for Mathematical Practices
CCSS in Mathematics and NCTM’s Curriculum Focal Points
• K-5 Standards provide solid foundation in:– Whole numbers– Addition– Subtraction– Multiplication– Division– Fractions– Decimals– Negative numbers– Geometry
CCSS in Mathematics and NCTM’s Curriculum Focal Points
• Middle school standards provide more complex work in:– Geometry– Algebra– Probability– Statistics
• Prepare students for algebra in 8th grade
CCSS in Mathematics and NCTM’s Curriculum Focal Points
• High school standards call on students to:– Practice applying mathematics ways of thinking to
real world issues• High school standards marked by (+): – Above the college- and career requirement
necessary for students in advanced math courses– Prepare for STEM coursework in college
CCSSM Format: Domains
• Large groups of related standards• Overarching big ideas that connect topics across
the grades• Descriptions of the mathematical content to be
learned through clusters/standards• Standards from different domains may be
closely related• Look for the name with the code number for a
Domain
CCSS Format: Clusters
• Groups of related standards• What students should know and be able to do
at each grade level• Reflect both mathematical understandings and
skills• Standards from different clusters may be closely
related, because mathematics is a connected subject
• Clusters appear inside domains
CCSSM: Standards
• Content statements• Progressions of increasing complexity from
grade to grade• For example: Use properties of operations to
generate equivalent expressions.• Part of a cluster
High School Conceptual Categories
• Big ideas that connect mathematics across high school – such as Functions or Probability and Statistics
• A progression of increasing complexity• Description of mathematical content to be
learned through domains, clusters, and standards
CCSSM Format
K-8
• Grade–Domain• Cluster–Standards
No preK CCSS
High School
• Conceptual Category–Domain• Cluster–Standards
Grade Level Overview
Grade Level Overview
Critical Areas – similar to
NCTM’s Curriculum Focal Points
Format of K-8 Standards
Domain
Grade Level
Format of K-8 Standards
Standard
Standard
Cluster
Format for High School
Standard
Cluster
Domain
High School Pathways
• The CCSSM Model Pathways are two models that organize the CCSSM into coherent, rigorous courses
• The CCSSM Model Pathways are NOT required. They are examples, not mandates.
High School Pathways
• Four years of mathematics:– One course in each of the first two years– Followed by two options for year three– Variety of relevant courses for year four
• Course descriptions– Define what is covered in each course– Are not prescriptions for the curriculum or
pedagogy
High School Pathways
• Pathway A: Consists of two algebra courses and a geometry course with some data, probability and statistics infused throughout (traditional)
• Pathway B: Typically seen internationally that consists of a sequence of 3 courses each of which treats aspects of algebra, geometry and data, probability and statistics
For additional information:
• Contact: Diane L. Hurst, Ed. [email protected](717) 606-1789