Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific research
Directorate of Quality Assurance and Accreditation خشینبهمتمانهتیدڵنیاییجۆریورایهبهڕێوهبه
Department of Plant Production
Khabat Technical Institute
Erbil Polytechnic University
Subject: Forage crops and pastures
Course Book – (Year 2)
Lecturer's name
Bilal Ibrahim Muhammed M.Sc.: (First semester)
AbdulSalam Omar Mawlood M.Sc.:(Second semester)
Academic Year: 2019/2020
Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific research
Directorate of Quality Assurance and Accreditation خشینبهمتمانهتیدڵنیاییجۆریورایهبهڕێوهبه
Course Book
1. Course name Forage crops and pastures
2. Lecturers in charge Bilal Ibrahim Mohammed & AbdulSalam Omar Mawlood
3. Department/ College Plant Production/ Khabat Technical Institute
4. Contact e-mail: [email protected] Tel: 07504699939 e- mail : [email protected]
5. Time (in hours) per week Theory : 1 hour Practical: 3 hours
6. Office hours 4 hours
7. Course code F. Crops and Pastures
8. Teacher's academic profile : Bilal Ibrahim Mohammed
in 2006 I worked in the nursery-forests Khabat for six
months at the beginning of the year 2007 is held as an
agronomist. In 2009 entitled appointed agricultural
engineer in agriculture Khabat Directorate under the
Ministry of Agriculture, Kurdistan region for two years and
worked in all sections of farmland, agricultural extension,
agricultural services and agricultural planning.
In 2011, transferred to the Ministry of Higher Education
and Scientific Research University of polytechnic- Technical
Institute of Khabat field crops section for some practical
lessons such as the production of field crops, the
production of seeds and plant production.
I participated in strengthening English language course for
six months in center of English language at the University
of Salahaddin-Erbil in 2011 and also in that year
participated in the strengthening of computer programs in
the Faculty of Education, University of Salahaddin.
After studying two years at the College of Agriculture,
University of Salahaddin in Irbil-end 2015, he got a
master's degree.
Now, I work as a teacher in that Institute.
Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific research
Directorate of Quality Assurance and Accreditation خشینبهمتمانهتیدڵنیاییجۆریورایهبهڕێوهبه
Abdulsalam Omar Mawlood
I have a Bachelor of Science in Agricultural Sciences. My
specialty is in Soil Science from College of Agriculture -
University of Baghdad – Iraq (1978 ). I received my
Master of Science: Agricultural Sciences, Specialization
of Soil Physics from College of Agriculture - University of
Baghdad – Iraq (1983).
My career in the academic level includes:
Scientific Researcher Assistant, in Agriculture and Water
Resources Research Center / Scientific Research Council
Baghdad / Iraq.
Assistant Lecturer / Plant Production Department /
Technical Institute in Erbil
Assistant Lecturer / Field Crops Department / Khabat
Technical Institute
Director of Quality Assurance / Khabat Technical Institute
2010 – 2019
Participation in a number of courses and scientific
conferences and workshops inside and outside Iraq
Presidency and membership of several committees. 13 Published researches.
9. Keywords forage crops and pastures
10. Course overview:
Forage crops have an important role in terms of fodder for animals, such as alfalfa and
other crops, as well as care in terms of economic importance and ways to progress crops
in terms of productivity
We also study fodder crops in terms of feed, crop, alfalfa and other crops
These lessons are important for students to learn how to produce crops and how to use
them
11. Course objective: The main goal of the course is to understand students theoretically and practically in terms
of economic importance and service of the forage crop as well as knowledge of pastures.
12. Student's obligation
There are several obligations on the student executed when the study:
Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific research
Directorate of Quality Assurance and Accreditation خشینبهمتمانهتیدڵنیاییجۆریورایهبهڕێوهبه
1. Presence in class and not the absence of it is influenced by the extent of his understanding of the lessons. 2-Writing reports and especially lessons as well as practical and scientific trips.
13. Forms of teaching Gives lessons to students in various forms such as the use of data show, blackboard, PowerPoint, clone and through dictation, and now we give lessons via the Internet Portal in the Masters
14. Assessment scheme Breakdown of overall assessment and examination: 1-Students can evaluate in several ways, for example, a quiz in each lesson and discussion of the students in the lesson and writing reports.
2-Conduct examinations such as quiz and monthly and final exams 15. Student learning outcome: 1- Knowledge of the principles of types for forages and service operations of various
forage crops.
2- Develop and create the ground and shrines appropriate for various forage crops and
roads suitable for cultivation.
3- Service operations and its morphological description.
16. Course Reading List and References: 1- Lindemulder, Bobbi. Spring is Here, Are Your Pastures Ready? The NEXUS, Snohomish Conservation district. Spring 2007. 2- Washington County Soil and Water Conservation District. Managing pastures: Grazing for profit, not pollution. Tips for small acreages in Oregon, Fact Sheet # 7. January 1999, 4pp. 3- Proceedings, I.N. 2009 California Alfalfa & Forage Symposium And Western Seed Conference, Reno, NV, 2-4 December, 2009. UC Cooperative Extension, Plant Sciences Department, University of California, Davis, CA 95616. 4- Staniar, W.B. M.H. Hall, and A. L. Burk. 2010 Voluntary Intake and Digestibility of Three Cuttings of Tiff Hay Fed to Horses. Penn State University submitted to Journal of Animal Science.
Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific research
Directorate of Quality Assurance and Accreditation خشینبهمتمانهتیدڵنیاییجۆریورایهبهڕێوهبه
ي العراق1989جواد, كامل سعيد و عرفان راشد ) 5- 1 .(. انتاج المحاصيل الحقلية ف
(. علم المحاصيل, 2007عبدالجواد, د. عبدالعضيم احمد و نعمت عبدالعزيز نورالدين وطاهر بهجت فايد ) - 6
.قواعد واالسس
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العراق.
ي العراق. مؤسسة المعاهد الفنية, 1989جواد, كامل سعيد و عرفان راشد ) - 8 (. انتاج المحاصيل الحقلية ف
العراق.
, موىس عثمان - 9 ي للبحث والتطوير, 2006)العوامي. المكتب الوطن (. انتاج محاصيل العلف ونباتات المراعي
ليبيا.
. منشاة المعارف باالسكندرية, مرص. 2002كذلك, محمد محمد ) - 10 (. زراعة محاصيل االعالف والمراعي
17. Theory Topics مفردات النظري
Lecturer's name: Bilal I. Mohammed: First semester. Abdulsalam Omer Mawlood : Second semester. Date and time of the lecture Outline Week
Forage Crops
(1 hrs) Definition of forage crops, importance of production.
1
(1 hrs) Division of Forage crops according to life cycle.
2
(1 hrs) Processes and factors determining the composition of the
product. 3
(1 hrs) The importance of feed crops and their role in the
4
Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific research
Directorate of Quality Assurance and Accreditation خشینبهمتمانهتیدڵنیاییجۆریورایهبهڕێوهبه
preparation of feed for livestock.
(1 hrs) Factors affecting the production and quality of feed.
5
(1 hrs) Alfalfa; Economic importance, suitable environment and
suitable soil, preparation of soil and varieties. 6
(1 hrs)
Clover, economic importance, suitable environment and
suitable soil, soil preparation, watering and varieties.
7
(1 hrs) Common vetch, economic importance, suitable environment
and suitable soil, preparation of soil and varieties.
8
(1 hrs) Bur clover: Economic importance, suitable environment and
suitable soil, preparation of soil and varieties. 9
(1 hrs) Narbon vetch, economic importance, suitable environment
and suitable soil, preparation of soil and varieties. 10
(1 hrs)
Maize, economic importance, suitable environment and
suitable soil, soil preparation, irrigation and varieties. 11
(1 hrs) Oats, economic importance, appropriate environment and
suitable soil, how to use it as animal feed. 12
(1 hrs) Sorghum, economic importance, suitable environment and
suitable soil, preparation of soil and varieties. 13
(1 hrs)
Barley: Economic importance, appropriate environment and
suitable soil, preparation of soil and varieties. 14
(1 hrs) Millet, economic importance, suitable environment and
suitable soil, preparation of soil and varieties. 15
(1 hrs) Mid Term 16
(1 hrs) The importance and quality of the preparation of Silage.
17
(1 hrs) The importance and quality of the preparation of Hay.
18
Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific research
Directorate of Quality Assurance and Accreditation خشینبهمتمانهتیدڵنیاییجۆریورایهبهڕێوهبه
(1 hrs) Importance and types of mixed feed. 19
(1 hrs) Problems of growing forage crops and how to overcome
them. 20
Pastures
(1 hrs) Definition of pastures and importance.
21
(1 hrs) Division of Pasture according to natural types.
22
(1 hrs) Factors determining the composition of the product.
23
(1 hrs)
The importance of pasture and their role in the preparation of
feed for livestock.
24
(1 hrs) Artificial pasture and the importance type of this. 25
(1 hrs) The benefits of artificial pasture.
26
(1 hrs) Types of plants that cultivate in pasture area.
27
(1 hrs) Roles of natural pastures in soil aeration.
28
(1 hrs) Pastures advances and increase of production. 29
(1 hrs) The importance and quality of pastures in Kurdistan and
Iraq. 30
(1 hrs) Causes of deterioration of rangeland and methods of repair.
31
(1 hrs)
Problems of natural pasture in some area of Kurdistan. 32
Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific research
Directorate of Quality Assurance and Accreditation خشینبهمتمانهتیدڵنیاییجۆریورایهبهڕێوهبه
18. Practical Topics Lecturer's names: Bilal I. Mohammed
Date and time of the lecture Outline Week
Forage Crops
(3 hrs) Preparing the plot for growing forage crops. 1
(3 hrs) Soil service operations.
2
(3 hrs) Crop service operations. 3
(3 hrs) Crop cultivation methods (advantages and disadvantages).
4
(3 hrs) Green feed, how to choose feed.
5
(3 hrs) Hay and how to prepare of hay.
6
(3 hrs) Silage and how to prepare of silage.
7
(3 hrs) Alfalfa, plant description, methods of agriculture, date of
planting, quantity of seed and fertilization.
8
(3 hrs)
Clover, plant description, methods of agriculture, date of
planting, quantity of seed and fertilization. 9
(3 hrs)
Common vetch, vegetation description, methods of
agriculture, date of planting, quantity of seed and
fertilization. 10
(3 hrs) Bur clover; Plant description, methods of agriculture, date of
planting, quantity of seed and fertilization. 11
(3 hrs) Narbon vetch, plant description, methods of agriculture, date
of cultivation, quantity of seed and fertilization. 12
Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific research
Directorate of Quality Assurance and Accreditation خشینبهمتمانهتیدڵنیاییجۆریورایهبهڕێوهبه
(3 hrs) Maize, plant description, planting methods, date of
cultivation, quantity of seed and fertilization. 13
(3 hrs) Sorghum, plant description, methods of agriculture, date of
planting, quantity of seed and fertilization. 14
(3 hrs) Barley, vegetation description, methods of agriculture, date
of cultivation, quantity of seed and fertilization. 15
(3 hrs) Millet, vegetation description, methods of agriculture, date
of cultivation, quantity of seed and fertilization. 16
(3 hrs) Mid Term 17
(3 hrs) Field visit to see forage crops and pastures. 18
(3 hrs) Discussion of reports. 19
(3 hrs) Discussion of reports. 20
Pastures
(3 hrs) What are the natural pastures and advanced of this. 21
(3 hrs) Plants that cultivated in natural pasture.
22
(3 hrs) What are the artificial pastures and advanced of this. 23
(3 hrs) Plants that cultivated in artificial pasture.
24
(3 hrs) Pasture management on small farm. 25
(3 hrs) Pasture feeding dominates livestock. 26
(3 hrs) Difference between pasture and fodder. 27
Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific research
Directorate of Quality Assurance and Accreditation خشینبهمتمانهتیدڵنیاییجۆریورایهبهڕێوهبه
(3 hrs) What are the grateful pastures farm.
28
(3 hrs) Field visit to see natural pastures.
29
(3 hrs) Field visit to see artificial pastures. 30
(3 hrs) Discussion of reports.
31
(3 hrs) Discussion of reports.
32
19. Examinations: 1. Compositional: 1- Write the economic importance of alfalfa crop. 1-Used as green feed for animals because it contains a high percentage of protein, carbohydrates and minerals 2 -The stems and leaves used in the composition of the hay 3 -Keep the stems and leaves green in the process of the silage 4 – It is used for soil fertility by the root nodes as well as in the agricultural rotation.
2- Write the benefits of artificial pasture. 1-Maintain soil fertility 2-Protection of agricultural pests 3-Resistant to erosion 4-Reduce of weed
2. True or false type of exams: 1- Silage works from any feed material after cutting the parts into 2-4 cm. 2- Pasture can be grown until mid-November to December according to rainfall. 3- The amount of seeds for growing sorghum it needs to (50 kg/ha). 4- Hay it may be stored in bales or in cubic disks. 5- Leaf as in maize and barley; include sheath, blade, ligule and no hay.
3. Multiple choices:
Choose the correct term from the following sentences:
(Forage crops, Clover, Common Vetch crop, pasture, and Alfalfa)
1- ………….…. the grasses that cultivated in land area .
2- Gasspea it is one the type of ……….. crop.
3- Green fodder and feed manufactures are resulting from ……….
4- …………. Can be cutting by (5-7) per year and obtained heights green forage.
5- ………….. is produced more than 125 million ha in the world.
Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific research
Directorate of Quality Assurance and Accreditation خشینبهمتمانهتیدڵنیاییجۆریورایهبهڕێوهبه
20. Extra notes:
نم تى گه تايبه كان به وێڵيه دانه روبوومه به گرنگى زياتر بدرێ به رێمى كوردستان پێويسته هه له كشتوكاڵىرتى بۆ پێشخستنى كه .اڵن بۆ ئاژهبۆ دابين كردنى خۆراكى پێويست ڕگاكان وه كان و له ئاليكيه هروبووم به گرنگى بدرێت به روها هه وه
21. Peer review ڵیهاوهوهپێداچوونه This course book has to be reviewed and signed by a peer. The peer approves the contents of your course book by writing few sentences in this section. (A peer is person who has enough knowledge about the subject you are teaching, he/she has to be a professor, assistant professor, a lecturer or an expert in the field of your subject).
ندندبکاتوجهسهپهکهکانیکۆرسهتهڕۆکیبابهیربکرێتوناوهسهوهکادیمیهڵێکیئهنهاوهالیهبێتلهدهمکۆرسبووکهئه
.ربکاتسهوواژوویلهکهڕۆکیکۆرسهرشیاویناوهسهکبنووسێتلهیههشوو .بێتمترنهمامۆستاکهیزانستیلهبیتپلهودهکهرکۆرسهسهبێتلهزانیاریههکهیهسهوکهڵئههاوه