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Day 3
AgendaWrap-up Chapter 1
GoalsIdentifying Functions of Information Systems
Identifying the Components of an IS
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Recall the Different Types of IS
Transaction Processing Systems (TPS)
Process Control Systems (PCS)
Enterprise Collaboration Systems (ECS)
Management Information Systems (MIS)
Decision Support Systems (DSS)
Executive Information Systems (EIS)
Which ones support Management?
Which ones support Operations?
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IS Classifications by Scope
Functional Business Systems – support basic business functionsStrategic Information Systems – support processes that provide a firm with strategic products, services, and capabilities for competitive advantageCross-functional Information Systems – integrated combinations of information systems
Where do these fit in?TPS, PCS, ECS, MIS, DSS, EIS
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What is a System?
Definition:
A group of interrelated components, with a clearly defined boundary, working together toward a common goal by accepting inputs and producing outputs in an organized transformation process.
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System Components
Input – capturing and assembling elements that enter the system to be processed
Processing – transformation steps that convert input into output
Output – transferring elements that have been produced by a transformation process to their ultimate destination
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Cybernetic Systems
Definition: a self-monitoring, self-regulating system.
Feedback – data about the performance of a system
Control – monitoring and evaluating feedback to determine whether a system is moving toward the achievement of its goal
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Example of a Cybernetic System
R o o m T em p eratureIN P U T
C o m p are w ith therm o s tatP R O C ES S
TO OL O W ?
A c tivate F urnac eO U T P U T
F EED B A C K
S ys te m B o unda ry
Y e s
N O
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A Business System
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IS Resources & Activities
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Information System Resources
People – end users and IS specialistsHardware – physical devices and materials used in information processing including computer systems, peripherals, and mediaSoftware – sets of information processing instructions including system software, application software and proceduresData – facts or observations about physical phenomena or business transactionsNetwork – communications media and network infrastructure
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Lufthansa Case
Goals:
Keep 3,500 highly mobile airline pilots:Trained on the latest technology and procedures
Plugged into the corporate infrastructure
Informed about schedules, weather events, and other facts that affect their jobs
Control costs
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Lufthansa CaseProductivity and Efficiency Improvements:
Pilots can access updated data electronically.Pilots can work in a variety of locations including airplanes, airports, hotels, and other remote locations.Pilots appreciate the convenience of not having to carry heavy manuals and documentation to multiple locations.Pilots can take their required training on their laptops during downtime in any airport.
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Lufthansa Case: People
?
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Lufthansa Case: Hardware, Software, Network
?
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Lufthansa Case: Data
?
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Lufthansa Case: Inputs
?
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Lufthansa Case: Processing
?
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Lufthansa Case: Outputs
?
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Lufthansa Case: Feedback
?
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Summary
There is no longer a distinction between an IT project and a business initiative.
Information systems are an important contributor to operational efficiency, employee productivity and morale, and customer service and satisfaction.
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Summary
Information systems are a major source of information and support needed to promote effective decision making by managers and business professionals.
Information systems can be categorized based on their intended purpose.
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Summary
Managing and using information systems can pose several challenges including the development process and ethical responsibilities.