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Data Communication Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles
Presented by,SREEJESH TR
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CONTENTS
Introduction
Why uav based communication
Uav system functions, services, and requirements
Basic networking architecture
Middleware support for uav systems
Channel characteristics
Communications with uav controlled mobility
Applications
Advantages and limitations
Conclusion
Reference
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INTRODUCTION
Unmanned aircraft system manufacturing was started by
the united states department of defense (DOD) since 2005.
Presently, leading UAV manufacturing countries are USA,
Israel, China, Iran and Russia.
Rustom series of Indian UAVs are under development.
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WHY UAV BASED COMMUNICATION
Make suitable for unexpected & limited duration missions in defense.
Provide safety communication for public during natural disaster.
To provide cost effective wireless connectivity .
Provide fast & reliable Line Of sight (LOS) communication in low altitude platforms.
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General Classification Of UAVs
Fixed wing Rotating wing
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Energy supply: Li-po battery, solar panels, conventional aeroplane
engines
Antennas : micro strip , directional antenna
Sensors : GPS, radars, camera
Actuators : digital speed controller, gimbal
GENERAL STRUCTURE
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Communication Among UAVs
UAVs are equipped with different networking technologies for communication
Eg: cellular, satellite, line of sight, real-time mobile ad hoc networking.
UAV Assisted Sensing
Efficient and accurate if multiple UAVs work together.
UAV Assisted acting
The autonomous collaboration complete the task faster and minimize human intervention.
UAV SYSTEM FUNCTIONS, SERVICES, AND REQUIREMENTS
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UAV-Based Data Storage
data storage may depend on these 3 cases
• no need to transfer data immediately
• collected data need to be processed and aggregated instantaneously
• Bandwidth requirement is high
UAV-Based Data Processing
Some UAVs are equipped with high-end computer units
Eg: high-resolution image processing, video processing, and online task planning.
Distributed Versus Centralized Control
• A centralized control system suffers from single-point failure problem
• control signals will not reach all UAV in time
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BASIC NETWORKING ARCHITECTURE
source: reference 2
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wireless communications with UAV-UAV & UAV-BS consists of two communication links,
1)CNPC LINK
CONTROL AND NON PAYLOAD COMMUNICATION(CNPC )links
• Command and control signal from Ground Control Station (GCS) to UAV.
• Aircraft status report from UAV to ground.
• Sense and avoid information among UAV.
CNPC links should operate in protected spectrum.
• L band (960-977 MHZ).
• C band (5030-5091 MHZ).
Secondary CNPC links via satellite can be used.
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2) DATA LINK
The data links maintained by the UAVs need to support the following communication modes:
• Direct mobile-UAV communication as for Base Station (BS) offloading
• UAV-BS and UAV-gateway wireless backhaul
• UAV-UAV wireless backhaul
UAV data links may range from several Kb/s to Gb/s depending upon the application.
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BASIC NETWORKING
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Source: Reference 1
PROTOCOLS AT THE DIFFERENT LINKS OF THE UAV COMMUNICATION SYSTEM HIERARCHY.
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MIDDLEWARE SUPPORT FOR UAV SYSTEMS
Middleware connects any set of components in a
distributed environment to offer better functionality.
Supported services
• Runtime support for service installation and execution
• Support different communication methods
• Help consumers to discover & use registered services
source: reference 1
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COMMUNICATIONS WITH UAV CONTROLLED MOBILITY UAV ENABLED MOBILE RELAYING
source: reference 2
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DEVICE TO DEVICE (D2D) ENHANCED INFORMATION DISSEMINATION
D2D COMMUNICATION
source: reference 2
The two phase protocol of D2D enhanced UAV information dissemination
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CHANNEL CHARACTERISTICS
UAV-GROUND Channel
LOS links & Channel blocking.
Rician fading
Partial cancellation of a radio signal by itself arrives at the receiver by
several different paths & at least one of the paths is
changing .
UAV-UAV Channel
LOS links.
Doppler Effect.
Change in frequency of a wave for an observer moving relative to its source.
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APPLICATIONS
Figure : UAV aided ubiquitous coverage.
Figure : UAV aided relaying.
source: reference 2
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Figure: UAV aided information dissemination and data collection.
Other fields of applications are,
Real-time SensingCommand-and-controlReal-time video Store-and-forward pictures
source: reference 2
APPLICATION(contn..)
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ADVANTAGES
• Remotely piloted aircrafts
• Cost reduction and miniaturisation , small UAV’s accessible to public
• Low altitude wireless communication
• Satellite communication possible
LIMITATIONS
• Less coverage
• Design complexity
• High Power requirement
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communication is important for devices to perform many collaborative tasks and services. Analyze different functions and requirements, needed in order to provide robust, efficient and energy-aware communication in UAV-based systems.
presented an overview of the different U2U and U2I networking architectures & different communication Protocols.
Discussed main design considerations for communication networks. Asapplications are rapidly growing, it become essential for solve many open problems.
CONCLUSION
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Data Communication in Linear Wireless Sensor Networks Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles, Imad Jawhar, Nader Mohamedand Jameela Al-Jaroodi,UAE University, Alain, UAE,University
of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA2014 International Conference on Unmanned Aircraft Systems (ICUAS),May 27-30, 2014.
Orlando, FL, USA
Wireless Communications with Unmanned Aerial Vehicles: Opportunities and ChallengesYong Zeng, Rui Zhang, and Teng Joon Lim IEEE Communications Magazine , May 2016
A Framework for Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicles for Data Collection in Linear Wireless Sensor NetworksImad Jawhar · NaderMohamed ·Jameela Al-Jaroodi · Sheng Zhang
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unmanned_aerial_vehicle
REFERENCES
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THANK YOU