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Control Systems I
The PC: Practical Control
Or Potential Chaos ?
Russell Hodge
C-MAR Americas
Return to Session Directory
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VisiCalc
First introduced: May 1979
Platform: Apple ][
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A Little History
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The world’s first home computer: 1969
Price: $10,600
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Honeywell H316
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PC Development
1974/5 MITS Scelbi/Altair
1976 Apple
1977 Apple ][
1981 IBM PC
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Moore’s Law
1965: The complexity of minimum cost semiconductors doubles each year
1980: The number of transistors on a semiconductor chip will double every 18 months
1990: Computing power at fixed cost will double every 18 months
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Microprocessor Year Introduced Transistors4004 1971 2,3008008 1972 2,5008080 1974 4,5008086 1978 29,000286 1982 134,000386 1985 275,000486 1989 1,200,000Pentium 1993 3,100,000Pentium II 1997 7,500,000Pentium III 1999 9,500,000Pentium 4 2000 42,000,000Itanium 2001 25,000,000Itanium 2 2002 220,000,000Itanium 2 (9mb cache) 2004 592,000,000
Intel: Transistors Per Chip 1971 - 2004
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ExternalOperatorInterface
InternalControl Control
Internal
InterfaceOperatorExternal
PC
HUB HUB
PC
PROPULSION AND THRUSTERS
REMOTEPLC
CONTROLLERS
Dual Communication Bus
DP Topology
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ExternalOperatorInterface Interface
OperatorExternal
PC
HUB HUB
PC
PROPULSION AND THRUSTERS
InternalDisplayControl Control
DisplayInternal
CentralComputer
Station
Hardwire Connetion toPropulsion and Thrusters
DP Topology
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ExternalOperatorInterface
InternalControl Control
Internal
InterfaceOperatorExternal
PC
HUB HUB
PC
PLC PLC
PROPULSION AND THRUSTERS
Hardwire Connection toPropulsion and Thrusters
DP Topology
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ExternalOperatorInterface
InternalControl Control
Internal
InterfaceOperatorExternal
PC
HUB HUB
PC
PROPULSION AND THRUSTERS
REMOTEPLC
CONTROLLERS
Dual Communication Bus
DP Topology
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Project Life Cycles
PSV/AHT: 18 Months
Dive Vessel: 24 Months
Heavy Lift Vessel: 24 Months
Drilling Vessel: 36 Months
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Directive 2002/95/EC of the European Parliament
Article 4
“Member States shall ensure that from 1 July 2006, new electrical and electronic equipment put on the market does not contain lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybromated diphenyl ethers.”
Japan: Green Procurement
China: Agenda 21
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Estimated Obsolescence
Technological: 3 –- 5 years
Legislative: 2 –- 3 years
The potential exists that the equipment supplied during construction may be
obsolete before completion of the project
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Estimated Obsolescence
Technological: 3 –- 5 years
Legislative: 2 –- 3 years
Operators must budget for the possibility that DP, VMS or any other electronic
control system may require replacement with five years of a vessel entering
service.
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Viruses
Filoviridae Ebola
Biosafety Level 4
Ebola hemorrhagic fever
Over 90% Fatality Rate
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Black ThursdayNovember 3, 1988
The Morris Worm is estimated to have infected some 6000 computers and brought the Internet
to a virtual standstill
It is estimated to have cost $96 million
What would be the effect if it happened today ?
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Robert Morris Jr
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VirusesTypes:
1. Worms
2. Trojan HorseLogic Bombs
Means of PropagationE-mail P2P
IRC Networks
HTML Removable Media
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Viruses
Symantec Kaspersky F-Secure
Windows 6500 722 4200
Linux 3000 33 599
Macintosh 3000 8 125
Symantec figures are approximate
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REMOVABLE MEDIA
CD – RW
DVD
ZIP
Floppy Disk
JAZZ
Tape
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NETWORK COMPONENTS
Hub/Switch
NIC
CAT 5 Cable
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Horror Stories
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SCREEN SAVERS
www.greymatter.org/satanichamsterdance/
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OPERATOR
OPERATOR STATION 2
NET A
NET B
REMOTEPROCESS
STATIONS
STATION 1
Basic Network
DP/VMS
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OPERATOR
OPERATOR STATION 2
NET A
NET B
REMOTEPROCESS
STATIONS
COMPUTER A
COMPUTER B
STATION 1Network with Additional PCs
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OPERATOR
OPERATOR STATION 2
NET A
NET B
REMOTEPROCESS
STATIONS
STATION 1
MAINTENANCE PC
Network Maintenance
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OPERATOR
OPERATOR STATION 2
NET A
NET B
REMOTEPROCESS
STATIONS
MAINTENANCE COMPUTER
STATION 1
VESSELNETWORK
Network Interconnection
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SUMMARY
Equipment obsolescence may dramatically reduce the projected operating life of a DP System
High profile Operating Systems are at greater risk of exposure to malware
Use of standard media, removable or fixed, and remote operation, increases risk of malware migration.
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Equipment ObsolescenceHigh Stock levels of spare parts
Flexibility in Spatial Design
Industry Inventory
Strategic Budgeting
REMEDIES AND PRECAUTIONS
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High Profile OS VulnerabilityLinux
Macintosh
Independent OS
REMEDIES AND PRECAUTIONS
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Standardised MediaAlternate Communications Protocols
Firewalls and Malware protection of any gateway
Non-Standard connections for networks
Non-Standard Formatting of media
REMEDIES AND PRECAUTIONS