control systems i the pc: practical control or potential
TRANSCRIPT
Control Systems I
The PC: Practical Control
Or Potential Chaos ?
Russell Hodge
C-MAR Americas
Return to Session Directory
VisiCalc
First introduced: May 1979
Platform: Apple ][
A Little History
The world’s first home computer: 1969
Price: $10,600
Honeywell H316
PC Development
1974/5 MITS Scelbi/Altair
1976 Apple
1977 Apple ][
1981 IBM PC
Moore’s Law
1965: The complexity of minimum cost semiconductors doubles each year
1980: The number of transistors on a semiconductor chip will double every 18 months
1990: Computing power at fixed cost will double every 18 months
Microprocessor Year Introduced Transistors4004 1971 2,3008008 1972 2,5008080 1974 4,5008086 1978 29,000286 1982 134,000386 1985 275,000486 1989 1,200,000Pentium 1993 3,100,000Pentium II 1997 7,500,000Pentium III 1999 9,500,000Pentium 4 2000 42,000,000Itanium 2001 25,000,000Itanium 2 2002 220,000,000Itanium 2 (9mb cache) 2004 592,000,000
Intel: Transistors Per Chip 1971 - 2004
ExternalOperatorInterface
InternalControl Control
Internal
InterfaceOperatorExternal
PC
HUB HUB
PC
PROPULSION AND THRUSTERS
REMOTEPLC
CONTROLLERS
Dual Communication Bus
DP Topology
ExternalOperatorInterface Interface
OperatorExternal
PC
HUB HUB
PC
PROPULSION AND THRUSTERS
InternalDisplayControl Control
DisplayInternal
CentralComputer
Station
Hardwire Connetion toPropulsion and Thrusters
DP Topology
ExternalOperatorInterface
InternalControl Control
Internal
InterfaceOperatorExternal
PC
HUB HUB
PC
PLC PLC
PROPULSION AND THRUSTERS
Hardwire Connection toPropulsion and Thrusters
DP Topology
ExternalOperatorInterface
InternalControl Control
Internal
InterfaceOperatorExternal
PC
HUB HUB
PC
PROPULSION AND THRUSTERS
REMOTEPLC
CONTROLLERS
Dual Communication Bus
DP Topology
Project Life Cycles
PSV/AHT: 18 Months
Dive Vessel: 24 Months
Heavy Lift Vessel: 24 Months
Drilling Vessel: 36 Months
Directive 2002/95/EC of the European Parliament
Article 4
“Member States shall ensure that from 1 July 2006, new electrical and electronic equipment put on the market does not contain lead, mercury, cadmium, hexavalent chromium, polybromated diphenyl ethers.”
Japan: Green Procurement
China: Agenda 21
Estimated Obsolescence
Technological: 3 –- 5 years
Legislative: 2 –- 3 years
The potential exists that the equipment supplied during construction may be
obsolete before completion of the project
Estimated Obsolescence
Technological: 3 –- 5 years
Legislative: 2 –- 3 years
Operators must budget for the possibility that DP, VMS or any other electronic
control system may require replacement with five years of a vessel entering
service.
Viruses
Filoviridae Ebola
Biosafety Level 4
Ebola hemorrhagic fever
Over 90% Fatality Rate
Black ThursdayNovember 3, 1988
The Morris Worm is estimated to have infected some 6000 computers and brought the Internet
to a virtual standstill
It is estimated to have cost $96 million
What would be the effect if it happened today ?
Robert Morris Jr
VirusesTypes:
1. Worms
2. Trojan HorseLogic Bombs
Means of PropagationE-mail P2P
IRC Networks
HTML Removable Media
Viruses
Symantec Kaspersky F-Secure
Windows 6500 722 4200
Linux 3000 33 599
Macintosh 3000 8 125
Symantec figures are approximate
REMOVABLE MEDIA
CD – RW
DVD
ZIP
Floppy Disk
JAZZ
Tape
NETWORK COMPONENTS
Hub/Switch
NIC
CAT 5 Cable
Horror Stories
SCREEN SAVERS
www.greymatter.org/satanichamsterdance/
OPERATOR
OPERATOR STATION 2
NET A
NET B
REMOTEPROCESS
STATIONS
STATION 1
Basic Network
DP/VMS
OPERATOR
OPERATOR STATION 2
NET A
NET B
REMOTEPROCESS
STATIONS
COMPUTER A
COMPUTER B
STATION 1Network with Additional PCs
OPERATOR
OPERATOR STATION 2
NET A
NET B
REMOTEPROCESS
STATIONS
STATION 1
MAINTENANCE PC
Network Maintenance
OPERATOR
OPERATOR STATION 2
NET A
NET B
REMOTEPROCESS
STATIONS
MAINTENANCE COMPUTER
STATION 1
VESSELNETWORK
Network Interconnection
SUMMARY
Equipment obsolescence may dramatically reduce the projected operating life of a DP System
High profile Operating Systems are at greater risk of exposure to malware
Use of standard media, removable or fixed, and remote operation, increases risk of malware migration.
Equipment ObsolescenceHigh Stock levels of spare parts
Flexibility in Spatial Design
Industry Inventory
Strategic Budgeting
REMEDIES AND PRECAUTIONS
High Profile OS VulnerabilityLinux
Macintosh
Independent OS
REMEDIES AND PRECAUTIONS
Standardised MediaAlternate Communications Protocols
Firewalls and Malware protection of any gateway
Non-Standard connections for networks
Non-Standard Formatting of media
REMEDIES AND PRECAUTIONS