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Chris Richards, Ph.D.
OSU Beef Cattle Extension Specialist
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“… the phenomenal gains in U.S. agricultural productivity of the past century brought profound benefits to all consumers, regardless of their connection to a farm, in the form of lower prices, better quality and more choices at retail outlets…”
Alan Greenspan
“… we should rise to the challenges that
come with innovation, because innovation brings great improvements in material well‐being.”
Alan Greenspan
Where to begin?
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AND things are a changingWe are hearing so much about consumers wanting
Natural
Organic
Sustainable?
Technology ?
Vaccines
Wormers
Antibiotics Injectable
feed
Ionophores
Implants
Hormone injections
Beta‐Agonist
National Cattle Evaluation
Synchronization
Semen storage/extending
Pregnancy testing
Ultrasound
Blood protein test
Embryo transfer
EPD’s
Genomic Enhanced Selection
Disease Testing
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Technology ?
Irradiation
Electrical stimulation
Injected enhancements
Modified atmosphere packaging
EPDs, AI, Synchronization, ETPhenotypic Trend in Angus Cattle
0
200
400
600
800
1000
1200
1400
1972
1974
1976
1978
1980
1982
1984
1986
1988
1990
1992
1994
1996
1998
2000
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
2012
2014
Adjusted yearling weights
Adjusted birth weights
1217
847
Beef quality% Cattle Grading USDA Choice and Above
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
2006 2009 2016
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Reproductive Technologies
Connealy Consensus 7229
6,818 of his calves were registered in 2014
Sustained Cow Fertility (SCF)
The Sustained Cow Fertility (SCF) results, reported in percentage units, are oriented such that larger breeding values reflect sires whose daughters calve annually for more years.
Sustained Cow Fertility (SCF)
Both bulls have 200 plus daughters in production
One bull SCF = 170One bull SCF = 57
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WE TEND TO LEAVE A LOT “ON THE TABLE”
302
546
321
565
250
300
350
400
450
500
550
600
Summer Gain Weaning Weight
Summer Gain (lb)
N R
2014 Implant Study, OSU
P<0.01 P<0.01
19 lbsmore to market
“Current” Use of ImplantsCow/Calf
5.516.4
24.8 26.9
0102030405060708090
100
1-49 50-99 100-199 200+
Pe
rce
nt
of
Op
era
tio
ns
National Animal Health Monitoring System
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Use Declining in Larger Operations?
64.3
26.531
0102030405060708090
100
1995 2009 2012
Pe
rce
nt
of
Op
era
tio
ns
Superior Livestock Video Auction
Percentage Lots Implanting / Not Implanting
Superior Livestock, 1995-2014
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
'95 '97 '99 '01 '03 '05 '07 '09 '11 '13
Implant
No Implant
Source: Modified from King, Seeger, et al. JAVMA,2006, 2011
“Current” Use of Implants Finishing and Stocker
9994
77
0102030405060708090
100
Finishing Large Stocker Small Stocker
Pe
rcen
t o
f O
per
atio
ns
Cattle Fax
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SPBS
Summary of 26 Studies from 1976‐2015
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
1.3 1.8 2.3Response to Ralgro (lb/d
)
Control ADG (lb)
Implant response over control ADG
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-$0.60
-$0.50
-$0.40
-$0.30
-$0.20
-$0.10
$0.00
$0.10
$0.20
$0.30
$0.40
$0.50
1995 1998 2001 2004 2007 2010 2013
No Implant
Price Advantage for Not ImplantingSuperior Livestock, 1995-2014
Source: Modified from King, Seeger, et al. JAVMA,2006, 2011
Natural VS Conventional Beef Production
Implants on Pasture Body Weight
550
806850
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
900
Initial Non‐Implanted Implanted
Body Weight, lb
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24.68
3.27
7.56
25.56
4.26.09
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
Overall DMI Overall ADG Overall F/G
Lb
Feedlot System: Overall Feedlot Performance
Natural Conventional
3.6%
28.44%19.44%
798
935
700
750
800
850
900
950
Hot Carcass Weight
Lb
System Effect: Hot Carcass Weight
Natural Conventional
17%137 lbs
($150.24)a
$53.45b
‐200
‐150
‐100
‐50
0
50
100
$/steer
Net Return W/O premiums, $/steer
Natural Conventional
$203.69
SEM = $44.43
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Historical context
0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%2007 1977 Capper, 2011 JAS 89:4249-4261
‐16%
‐18%
‐33%
‐12%
‐19%
‐30%
Production efficiency:
More with less
What if we stopped using growth enhancing technology? Ionophores
Steroid implants
Melengestrol acetate (MGA)
Beta‐adrenergic agonists
Capper and Hayes, 2012 – sustainablebeef.org
94.9
5.1
Pounds
Other
NaturalandOrganic 93.7
6.3
Dollars
Other
NaturalandOrganic
Natural and Organic Beef Sales
Source: FreshLook Marketing Data 13 weeks ending 12/28/14.
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Implications 3 oz lean beef
25 grams of protein 154 calories
25 grams of protein from Peanut Butter 564 calories.
Technology in 1 Steer
Feeds 1 1/4 more US Citizen for 1 year17% increase
Sustainablebeef.org
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