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Characteristics of animalsFeeding- Must consume food. Does not produce
it’s own food. Heterotrophic Respiration- Takes in oxygen and gives off CO2Circulation-Has a means to distribute O2 Excretion- Means to eliminate wasteResponse –Respond to environment using
specialized cellsMovement-Able to move from one place to
another. MobileReproduction- Able to reproduce sexuallyEukaryotic- Cell with cell membrane and true
nuclei.
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Development of animals1. Fertilization- sperm and egg join together (1n+1n=2n) 2. Mitosis of 2n cell = 2 cells, 4 cells, 8
cells,.16…32……. 3. Now get a hollow ball of cells called a
BLASTULA that is filled with fluid4. One side of blastula pinches inward to form
GASTRULA 5. Hole that forms is called BLASTOPORE
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BLASTULA GASTRULA
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Animals Grouped by Fate of Blastopore Depending on what becomes of blastopore animals
are divided into 2 groups
1. blastopore becomes mouth- PROTOSTOME(then second opening becomes anus)
2. blastopore becomes anus –DEUTEROSTOME(then second opening is mouth)
Cells then differentiate for animal to reach adulthood.
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Gastulation is what forms an inside and an outside of the organism.
Inside layer called ENDODERM-becomes lining of the gut
Outside layer of cells called ECTODERM-becomes skin and nervous system
Some animals have a 3rd middle layer called MESODERM-becomes the circulatory system, muscle system, and excretory system
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SymmetryAnimals can be divided into groups by their
symmetry.
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AsymmetryNo symmetryAsymmetricalsponges
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Radial symmetryOrganism can be divided
along any planeJellyfish
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Bilateral SymmetryOrganism has left and
rightAnterior and posteriorFront and BackVentral and Dorsal
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Animals with 3 body layersAnimals with 3 body
layers(Ectoderm,Endoderm, and Mesoderm) can be divided into 3 groups depending on how much of their body cavity is covered by mesoderm.
Body cavity is called COELOME
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AcoelomateNo body cavity.Digestive tract runs length of bodyFlatwormsSolid all the way through
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Pseudocoelomate(false cavity)Space between endoderm and mesoderm is filled with
fluidCoelome not compltely covered by mesoderm, just
partially1 way digestive tractRound worm
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Coelomate(true body cavity)True body cavity all surrounded by mesodermFluid filledContains specialized organsHumans, Earthworm