Download - Chapters 9–10
Chapters 9–101. The third conjugation
2. A birthday invitation
3. Pronouns
4. Nine “special adjectives”
5. Making mottoes with pronouns
6. “Call me Ishmael”
1. The third conjugationThe four conjugations
1 errō errāre errāvī errātus
2 videō vidēre vīdī vīsus
33-iō
vincōfugiō
vincerefugere
vīcīfūgī
victus—
4 veniō venīre vēnī ventus
errō, videō, vincō, fugiō, veniō …
I wander, I see, I conquer, I flee, I come …
errāre, vidēre, vincere, fugere, venīre
To wander, to see, to conquer, to flee, to come …
1. The third conjugation present indicative
1st conj. 2nd conj. 3rd conj. 3rd conj. -iōam(a)-ō habe-ō vinc(i)-ō fugiō
amā-s habē-s vinci-s fugi-s
ama-t habe-t vinci-t fugi-t
amā-mus habē-mus vinci-mus fugi-mus
amā-tis habē-tis vinci-tis fugi-tis
ama-nt habe-nt vincu-nt fugiu-nt
1. The third conjugation imperative
amā!amāte!
habē!habēte!
vince!vinci-te
fuge!fugi-te!
Four exceptions in singular imperative:
dīc Say!dūc Lead!fac Make! Do!fer Bring! Bear!
1. The third conjugation indicative
omnia vincit amor! tempus fugit!
Love conquers all things Time flees
omnia vincunt amōrēs! tempora fugiunt!
2. A birthday invitationClaudia Seuera Lepidinae suae salutem dat.
iii Idus Septembres soror ad diem sollemnem natalem meum rogólibenter faciás ut uenias ad nos iucundiorem mihi diem interuentu tuo factura si …
Cerialem tuum saluta!
Aelius meus et fililolus salutant …
sperabo te soror!
uale soror anima mea ita ualeam karissima et haue
Claudia Severa to her Lepidina gives greetings.
On 11 September, sister, for the day of the celebration of my birthday, I give you a warm invitation to make sure that you come to us, to make the day more enjoyable for me by your arrival, if …
Greet your Cerialis!
My Aelius and my little son send him (?) their greetings.
(2nd hand)I shall expect you, sister.
Farewell, sister, my dearest soul, as I hope to prosper, and hail.
http://vindolanda.csad.ox.ac.uk/4DLink2/4DACTION/WebRequestTablet?thisLeafNum=1&searchTerm=all&searchType=browse&searchField=highlights&thisListPosition=12&displayImage=1&displayLatin=1&displayEnglish=1
3. Pronouns
Not to be confused with the personal possessive adjectives:
meus, -a, -umtuus, -a, -um
noster, -stra, -strumvester, -stra, -strum
1st person 2nd person 3rd person (basic)
“he, she, it”
3rd person demonstrative
“this”
3rd person demonstrative
“that”
egō
nōs
tū
vōsis, ea, id hic, haec, hoc ille, illa, illud
3. Pronouns 1st and 2nd personNOM egō nōs
GEN meī nostrī/nostrum
DAT mihi nōbīs
ACC mē nōs
ABL mē nōbīs
NOM tū vōs
GEN tuī vestrī/vestrum
DAT tibi vōbīs
ACC tē vōs
ABL tē vōbīs
nōn mihi, sed nōbīs!
Not for me, but for us!
nōn tibi, sed vōbīs!
Not for just you, but for all
y’all!NB: With preposition cum, Latin writes mēcum, nōbīscum, tēcum, vōbīscum
3. Pronouns Third person
Only the singulars are
new! The plural forms are
regular 1st and 2nd declension
forms!
“he, she, it, (that) …”
3. Pronouns Third person demonstratives
Only the singulars are new!
“this, the latter …”
“that, the former, the famous…”
3. Pronouns: 3rd person pronouns as “pronoun-adjectives”
As pronoun As adjectiveeius
of him/her/iteius urbisof that city
hancthis woman
hanc artemthis skill
illethat man
ille agricolathat farmer
4. Nine “special adjectives”
alius, alia, aliud other, another
alter, altera, alterum the one/the other (of two)
neuter, neutra, neutrum neither (of two)
nūllus, nūlla, nullum no, none
sōlus, sōla, sōlum alone
tōtus, tōta, tōtum whole
ūllus, ulla, ullum any
ūnus, ūna, ūnum one
uter, utra, utrum which? (of two)
What’s so special?
(1)They are systematically related in their
meanings.
(2)They have genitive singular in –īus and dative singular in –ī
(otherwise regular).
5. Making mottos with pronouns and special adjectives
Harrison College HouseNot for oneself but for the wholeNON ____________, SED ____________!
alius, alia, aliud other, another
alter, altera, alterum the one/the other (of two)
neuter, neutra, neutrum neither (of two)
nūllus, nūlla, nullum no, none
sōlus, sōla, sōlum alone
tōtus, tōta, tōtum whole
ūllus, ulla, ullum any
ūnus, ūna, ūnum one
uter, utra, utrum which? (of two)
1st person 2nd person 3rd person (basic)“he, she, it”
3rd person demonstrative
“this”
3rd person demonstrative
“that”
egō
nōs
tū
vōsis, ea, id hic, haec, hoc ille, illa, illud
6. Call me Ishmael (“factitive” sentences)
Ishmaēlum mē vocā (appellā).Call me Ishmael.
Laetōs agricolās faciō.I make the farmers happy.
Tē bonum habēmus.We regard you as good.
Tē bonam habēmus.We regard you (fem.) as good.
Consulem illum creant.The appoint that man (as) consul.
Illum nautam consulem creant.They appoint that sailor (as) consul.
Two accusatives:
(1)Direct object
(2) Object complement