Download - CHAPTER 6- - - LANGUAGE KEY ISSUE 1 What are · PDF fileCreated by Manuel Mendoza e 5 20. Use the map below to reflect Bert Vaux’s research on how dialects impact soft drink names

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CHAPTER6---LANGUAGEKEYISSUE1Whatarelanguages,andwhatroledolanguagesplayincultures?DeBlij,172-182●WhatShouldISay?(FieldNote–Belgium)1.AccordingtotheFieldNote,whatweresomeofthethingsthatperplexedtheauthorwhiletravelinginBrussels,Belgium?

2.WhyislanguagesuchamajoranddivisiveissueinBelgium,particularlyinBrussels?

3.Whatis“Frenchification?”

a. WhatwasthereactionoftheFlemishspeakingBelgians?

b. Whatresultedin1960?

4.Identifyatleast2issuesthatdevelopedinBelgiumasaresultofthedivisionofBelgiumbasedonlinguisticlines.

a.

b.

5.Usethemapontheright,toshowtheFlemish,French&GermanlanguageregionsofBelgium.BesuretoincludeakeyandidentifytheareaofFlanders,Wallonia&Brussels(withyourcolors).Includeakey.


6.Alanguageisasetof_________________and__________________thatisusedfor_______________________.Butlanguageisalsoanintegralpartof______________________,______________________,andshapingit.

LANGUAGE&CULTURE

7.Accordingtothetext,languageissocloselytiedtoculturethatitisusedasaweaponinculturalconflictandpoliticalstrife.UsingthechartbelowidentifyhowtheUnitedStates&Canada(Quebec)havedealtwithforeignlanguages.

UNITEDSTATES QUEBEC,CANADA

ControversialLanguage

PrimaryIssue(s)

Effects

8.Usingtable6.1(Top10Non-EnglishLanguagesSpokenatHomeintheUSA),whichofthetop-10languagessurprisesyou,andwhy?


WHATISALANGUAGE?

9.Definemutualintelligibility:

10.Whatare2issueswithmutualintelligibility?(pleaseprovideanexampleforeach)

ISSUESWITHMUTUALINTELLIGIBILITY

EXAMPLE(S)

11.Giventhecomplexitiesofdistinguishinglanguagesfromdialects.Theactualnumberoflanguagesinuseintheworldremainsamatterofconsiderabledebate.Themostconservativecalculationisabout________________.However,mostlinguistsandlinguisticgeographerstodayrecognizebetween_______________&_______________languages,includingmorethan600in______________&over___________________inAfrica.

STANDARDIZEDLANGUAGE

12.Technologicallyadvancedsocietiesarelikelytohavea___________________________________,onethatispublished,widelydistributed,andpurposefullytaught.

13.HowdoesIrelandpromotetheuseoftheIrish(Celtic)language?

14.Thedecisionbetweenwhodecideswhatthestandardlanguageswillbeisbasedon________________________&_________________________.


15.Inthechartbelow,describehowthefollowingcountrieshavedealtwiththeissueofdecidingastandardlanguage.

FRANCE CHINA

DIALECTS

16.Definedialects:

17.Definedialectchains:

18.Languageisactuallyan__________________foracollectionof_____________________,andwetendtoseeoneofthesedialectsasthe“true”_____________________________onlybecauseitisonewespeakorbecauseitistheonea_______________________________claimsasthestandard.

19.Frequently,____________________aremarkedbyactualdifferencesin__________________________.A___________________________orgroupofwordscanrevealthesourceareaofthe__________________________.

19.Defineisogloss:


20.UsethemapbelowtoreflectBertVaux’sresearchonhowdialectsimpactsoftdrinknamesintheUnitedStates.Usepg.181&besuretoincludeakeyforyourmap.

CHAPTER6---LANGUAGEKEYISSUE2Whyarelanguagesdistributedthewaytheyare?DeBlij,182-192

1.Definelanguagefamilies:

2.Definesub-families:

3.Accordingtothetext,whyisdefiningalanguagefamilyachallenge?


4.Accordingtothe“LanguageFamiliesoftheWorld”maponpgs.182-183,basedonthelanguagefamiliesbelow,identify/listthevariousareas/regionsoftheworldwherethelanguagefamilyismostdominant.

INDO-EUROPEAN AMERINDIAN NIGER-CONGO URALIC

SINO-TIBETAN AFRO-ASIATIC ALTAIC AUSTRONESIAN

LANGUAGEFORMATION

5.Onewaytofindandchartsimilaritiesamong_________________________istoexamineparticularwords,lookingforsoundshiftsovertimeandacrosslanguages.Asoundshiftis:

6.HowdolinguistsusesoundshiftsintermsofknowingthatItalian,Spanish&FrenchareallmembersoftheRomancelanguagesubfamilyoftheIndo-Europeanlanguagefamily?

7.WhatisthesignificanceofthediscoveryofaProto-Indo-Europeanlanguage?

8.WhatistheNostraticlanguage&itsoverallsignificance?

9.Definelanguagedivergence:

10.Definelanguageconvergence:


11.UsingtheTreeMaponpg.186,pleaseidentifyany5languagesub-familiesfromtheIndo-Europeanbranchesofthelanguagetree.

*Romance

*

*

*

*

12.WhenstudyingthediffusionofProto-Indo-European,whatare2conclusionsthatresult?

13.Inthechartbelow,distinguishbetweenthe3mostcommontheoriesofProto-IndoEuropeandiffusion.

ConquestTheory AgriculturalTheory DispersalHypothesis

14.Forthemapsbelow,usepg,188identifythehearth&pathofdiffusionofeachofthefollowingtheories.

AGRICULTURALTHEORY DISPERSALHYPOTHESIS


THELANGUAGESOFEUROPE

15.Inthechartbelow,identifythelanguagesofeachoftheSubfamilies(Europeanlanguage)anddescribetheirorigins.

ROMANCE GERMANIC SLAVIC

LANGUAG

ES

ORIGINS/HISTO

RY

16.Inthechartbelow,listthemajorlanguageswithineachofthefollowingsubfamilies.

CELTIC URALIC ALTAIC

LANGUAG

ES


17.Inthechartbelow,answerthefollowingregardingthemini-casestudyoftheBasquelanguage,Euskera.

LANGUAGESOFSUBSAHARANAFRICA

18.ShadeinthemapofAfrica,basedonthevariouslanguagefamiliesofAfrica.Besuretoincludeakey

19.Whichisthemostdominantlanguagefamily?

20.WhichfamilyhastheoldestlanguagesofSubsaharanAfrica?

21.HowmanylanguagesarespokeninNigeria?

22.Whicharethe3mostprominentlanguagesinNigeria?

23.Since1962,whichistheofficiallanguageofNigeria?

EUSKERA

Origins Location

PoliticalRecognition ColorLocationofBasqueCountry


CHAPTER6---LANGUAGEKEYISSUE3Howdolanguagesdiffuse?DeBlij,192-196

1.Over2,000yearsago,which2languagesweretheeasiesttodiffusearoundtheworld?Howwasthispossible?

2.WhichinventionledtoanincreaseinliteracyandastabilizationofcertainlanguagesinEurope?

3.___________________&______________________stimulatetheformationofnew,hybridlanguagestofacilitatesuchinteraction,butother,locallanguagescollapseundertheonslaughtofchange.

4._______________________________isshrinkingtheworld’slinguisticheritage.Halfoftheworld’s_____________languagesare_________________________________.Mostlanguagesarelostbecauseonegroupdominatesanotherandthedominantlanguageisprivileged,whichis_________________________________________________________________________________________________.

5.Usingpg.195,pleasecolorinthefollowingmapofIndiabasedonthelanguagefamiliesthatexistinthecountry.Pleasecreateakey.

5a.Basedontheevidencefromthemap,whatchallengesmightbeevidentbasedonthediversityoflanguagesfamiliesinIndia?

5b.WhatdidthegovernmentofIndiadoinordertoofferrecognitionandprovidebalanceforallthelanguagesspokeninthecountry?


6.Inthechartbelow,provideadefinitionandseveralexamplestothetermsbelow.

TERM DEFINITION EXAMPLES(ATLEAST2)

LINGUAFRANCA

PIDGINLANGUAGE

MONOLINGUALSTATES

MULTILINGUALSTATES

OFFICIALLANGUAGE

GLOBALLANGUAGE


CHAPTER6---LANGUAGEKEYISSUE4Whatroledoeslanguageplayinmakingplaces?DeBlij,197-201

1.Definetoponym:

2.Accordingtothetextbook,whicharethe10typesoftoponyms?Provideanexampleforeach.

3.Inthechartbelow,provideseveralexamplesthataddressthechangingtoponymsthatarefoundintheworld.

CHANGINGTOPONYMREASON EXAMPLE(S)

POSTCOLONIALTOPONYMS

POSTREVOLUTIONTOPONYMS

MEMORIALTOPONYMS

COMMODIFICATIONTOPONYMS

Download - CHAPTER 6- - - LANGUAGE KEY ISSUE 1 What are · PDF fileCreated by Manuel Mendoza e 5 20. Use the map below to reflect Bert Vaux’s research on how dialects impact soft drink names

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