Download - Carolingian Dynasty and The Vikings
Carolingian Dynastyand
The Vikings
Unit 12
Origins?
• Franks (German barbarians)• Clovis: 481-511 Merovingian
-Defeated the Gauls and other German tribes– Became a Christian!
Charles Martel
Fought for and won control after death of father Clovis
Charles Martel
Fought for and won control after death of father Clovis
• “Charles the Hammer”• United Franks to defend against the Muslims
Successors of Charles Martel
• Pepin First heir to Carolingian• Sons ruled after him: Carloman & Charlemagne
Charlemagne
Empire: conquests
Charlemagne
Combined France with Germany Italy and the Netherlands
Supported the church (forced those defeated to convert or die!)
800: Pope Leo III made him Holy Roman Emperor
Title Holy Roman Emperor
• Protection from pope• Didn’t thrill other Christian Kingdoms• Acknowledged his domination of Europe
Administration
• Autocracy– Missi domini: Team of 2: one secular one church
– Capitularies: these rulings tell a lot about agriculture, life and industry (hint: leaning toward feudalism)
Love of Education
• Illiterate himself, he followed Carolingian tradition of having intellectual court:
• Scholars at Aachen: – Paul the deacon: Italy– Theodolphus: German– Alcuin: Saxon monk, started schools
Carolingian Renaissance
Division of Empire
Threats to the empire
Northmen
• “From the fury of the Northmen, good Lord, deliver us!”
– Prayer in litany of 9th century Monks
Vikings
• Pirates from the Scandanavian Penninsula and surrounding areas
– Good seamen– First sheltered from Romans by the sea– Then the sea provided route to plunder Europe
Longboats
• Features
Longboats
• Features– Open– Flat bottomed– Makes for quick raid ability
Viking incursions (red)
In general-Norwegians: went westward-
Viking incursions (red)
In general-Norwegians: went westward-Danes: British Isles
Viking incursions (red)
In general-Norwegians: went westward-Danes: British Isles-Swedes: Russia
In Europe
In England
In Russia
Pros and ConsPros Cons
Pros and ConsPros Cons
Plundered riches of medieval Europe
Pros and ConsPros Cons
Plundered riches of medieval EuropeDestroyed monastic learning centers
Pros and ConsPros Cons
Helped to define European nationality by paving the way for 1) Unified England2) The nations of France and GermanyWere able to assimilate into culture and
add “vigorous blood” to those societies
Interested in Trade, revitilization of commerce!
Plundered riches of medieval EuropeDestroyed monastic learning centers
Vikings
• Get a good rap!