Download - Biology 101 An Introduction
Biology 101 An Introduction
Living ThingsThe Nature of Science
What is Biology?
What is a Living Thing?
Levels of Organizationin Biology
Assumptions in ScienceNatural causalityUniformity in space and timeCommon perception
The Scientific MethodWay in which scientists study things in the world.
Observation/ProblemQuestion
Do Background ResearchHypothesisDesign experimentPredictionExperiment
Collect DataAnalyze Results Conclusion
sciencebuddies.org
The ExperimentVariable
A factor that affects an observation/changing quantitiesIndependent Variable – something that is changed by
the scientist Dependent Variable – factor that is measured and is
dependent on the independent variableStandarized /Controlled Variables – aspects of an
experiment that remain the same
Control GroupUsed to rule out other possible variables Do not receive experimental treatment
Scientific MethodThe results of an experiment must be able to
be repeated by other researchers.An experiment must be communicated
thoroughly and accurately.
Why is this important?
Scientific TheoryGeneral explanation of important natural
phenomena, based on extensive and reproducible observations.
principle or a natural lawEx. Atomic theory (all matter is composed of
atoms)Ex. Theory of gravitation (objects exert a law of
attraction for one another)Ex. Cell theory(all living things are composed
of cells)A theory can be modified or falsified.
The Theory of Spontaneous Generation - Abiogensis
Francesco Redi’s Experiment – 17th century facstaff.gpc.edu
Malte Andersson’s Widowbird Experiment
Male long-tailed widow bird. sanparks.org
Female long-tailed widowbird. 10000birds.com
Some interesting things in science
Orphrys apifera. floralimages.co.uk
What Do You See?
What Do Glowing Pigs and Jellyfish Have in Common?
Biodiversity Refers to the total number of species within a
given region and the resulting interactions among them
www2.warwick.ac.uksciencelearn.org.nz
3 Domains of Life
KingdomsEukaryotes (have
membrane-bound organelles)PlantsFungiAnimalsProtists
Prokaryotes (lack membrane-bound organelles)Archaea Bacteria
Theory of Evolution
Formulated by Charles Darwin and Alfred Russel Wallace in the mid-1800s
States that modern organisms descended, with modification, from preexisting life-forms
Evolution - Change in the genetic makeup of a species
Charles Darwin Alfred Russel Wallace
The End