Download - Biological Acquisition Unit
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Biological Acquisition Unit
Team Members:Fred AveryNy ‘Jaa BoboGene CouncilSalvatore Giorgi
Advisors:Dr. HelfertyDr. Pillapakkam
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Outline of Presentation
• Mission Overviewo Objectiveo Theoryo Background / Previous Researcho Biological Analysiso Success Criteria
• Designo Constraintso Design Processo System Architecture
• Electrical System• Filtration System
o Block Diagramo Design Compliance
• Managemento Team Memberso Advisorso Budget Outline
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Mission Overview
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Objective• Measure the earth’s magnetic field as a function
of altitude. • Take biological samples in stratosphere and lower
mesosphere.• Measure flight dynamics of the rocket.
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Theory• An inertial measurement unit (IMU) is an
electrical device consisting of accelerometers and gyroscopes that are used to measure the rocket’s flight dynamics (roll, pitch, and yaw).
• The magnetometer will measure the strength and direction of the earth’s magnetic field.
• The filtration system will collect organic and inorganic material suspended in the atmosphere.
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Background• In 2006, the European Science Foundation funded
an exploratory workshop on “Microbiological Meteorology” at the French National Agronomic Research Institute (INRA) in Avignon. o Potential roles of micro-organisms
• Act as cloud condensation nuclei and to participate in radiative forcing.
• Many airborne micro-organisms likely metabolize chemical components of aerosols thereby modifying atmospheric chemistry.
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Previous Research• In 2008, a study identified bacterial species
Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus endophyticus, and the fungal genus Penicillium.
• In 2005, a study showed about 25% of the particles suspended in air in the size range of 0.2 to 50 μm are primary biological aerosol particles.
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Biological Analysis• DAPI
o DAPI (6-diamidino-2-phenylindole) is a stain used in fluorescence microscopy. DAPI passes through cell membranes therefore it can be used to stain both live and fixed cells.
• BRDUo Bromodeoxyuridine (5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine, BrdU) is a synthetic
nucleoside that is used for detecting actively dividing cells.• Genetic Sequencing
o Determines the number of nucleotides in sample’s DNA: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine
• Scanning Electron Microscopeo Scans the sample and re-generates image to be analyzed, i.e.
structural analysis of microbes
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Success Criteria• Acquire Stratospheric specimen
o Collect a statistically significant sample to compare to previous studies.• Amount of samples• Type of microbes
• IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit)o Accurately and reliably record data such as:
• Velocity• Flight Dynamics • Gravitational Force
• Magnetometero Study magnetic field in upper atmosphere.o Compare experimental magnetic field to actual values .
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Design
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Constraints• The weight of the canister must not be more than
20+0.2lbs.• No power until after takeoff.• The center of gravity should lie within the 1x1x1
inch (x, y, z) envelope of the centriod of the payload canister.
• Maximum height is 4.75 inches and maximum diameter is 9.3 inches.
• No Lithium rechargeable batteries.
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Design Process
Prepare Functional Design
Purchase Materials
Test Separate Components
Confirm System
Functionality
Data Acquisition
Compatibility, functionality, defects
chipKIT Max 32, magnetometer, G Switch, SD card, SD reader, NPT
valve, filter canister, filter
paper, IMU
Schematics, Module Placement on Plate
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System Architecture
PIC32MICROCONTROLLER
IMU
MAGNETOMETER
2 GBSD CARD
and READER
2 9 VOLT
BATTERIES
G-SWITCH
KEY
Power Data
Valve for Bio-FiltrationSystem
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Pic32 ChipKIT Microprocessor
Flash Memory: 512KRAM Memory: 128KOperating Voltage: 3.3VOperating Frequency: 80 MHzTypical Operating Current: 90 mAInput Voltage: 7 to 15VInput Voltage (maximum): 20VI/O Pins: 83Analog Inputs: 16Analog Input Voltage Range: 0V to 3.3VDC Current Per Pin: +/- 18 mA
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Triple Axis Magnetometer HMC584
Power: 2.5 to 3.3 VField Range: +/- 4 GaussCurrent: 0.9 mABandwidth: 10 kHWeight: 50 mg
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Atomic IMU - 6 Degrees of Freedom
Triple-axis accelerometerSensitivity: 1.5 g, 2 g, 4 g or 6 gSingle axis 300°/s gyroscopeVoltage: 3.4 to 10 VCurrent: 24 mABandwidth: 150 Hz (Z axis) 350 Hz (X and Y
axis)
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Filter System• Connects to two ports: Static and Dynamic
o Dynamic port draws in sampleso Air flow exits through the static port
• Contains four filters in serieso Filters are decreasing in size from 5 to 0.2 μm
• Filter system terminates with NPT connector at each end.
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Physical System
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Design Compliance• Predicted final mass is 10+0.2 lbs
o IMU, magnetometer, batteries, SD card / reader, and microprocessor weigh less than 2 lbs
o Projected filtration system weight is less than 2 lbso More weight needed
• Payload Activationo G-switch
• Open circuit until g-switch activation
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Management
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Team MembersFred Avery (ME)• Filtration System• Center of gravity testing• Mass Flow Rates
Ny ‘Jaa Bobo (EE)• Hardware
• Magnetometer• IMU
• Power
Gene Council (EE)• Hardware
• Magnetometer• IMU
• Chip programming
Salvatore Giorgi (ECE)• Team Leader• Microprocessor
• Data Acquisition• Filtration System
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AdvisorsElectrical
Dr. John HelfertyDepartment of Electrical and
Computer Engineering
MechanicalDr. Shriram Pillapakkam
Department of Mechanical Engineering
BiologicalDr. Erik CordesDepartment of Biology
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Parts List / BudgetParts Manufacture Cost Quantity
Payload Canister - $6,000 1
chipKIT Max 32 Microchip$49.50
1
Magnetometer Honeywell $19.95 1
G-Switch Digikey $12.95 2
SD card 16 GB SanDisk $27.99 1
SD reader Microchip $37.99 1
¼” NPT Valve 2
Filter canister Millipore awaiting quote 4
Filter Paper Millipore awaiting quote 4
IMU Sparkfun $124.95 1
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Conclusion• Issues
o Integrating filtration system with canistero Correctly implementing the SD card with the microprocessor
• Concernso Transporting samples from Virginia to Pennsylvaniao Properly sterilizing the filtration systemo Shared canister logistics
• Future Planso Order microprocessor, IMU, and magnetometero Design and build filtration system