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BEYOND SOUP & NUGGETS:BEYOND SOUP & NUGGETS:Poultry production and consumption are growing at an unsustainable rate,
especially as demand increases in places like China. Our collective action canreduce the pressure on Earth's resources and improve public health.
THE GLOBAL EFFECTS OF CHINA'S POULTRY INDUSTRYTHE GLOBAL EFFECTS OF CHINA'S POULTRY INDUSTRY
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Sources
#ChineseChicken
China's poultry industry is the second largest in the world and growing rapidly.
CHINA’S CHICKEN INDUSTRY IS BOOMINGCHINA’S CHICKEN INDUSTRY IS BOOMING
China will consume 24% of all chicken produced in the
next two decades.
% of global consumption
Of total meat consumed in China,poultry comprised 20.4% in 2014,
compared to 8.3% in 1985.
Since the 1980s the amount of chickenconsumed annually in China has risen
from 1kg to 12.8kg per person.
Growing popularityPer capita consumption
1985
2014
CHINA20141985
GLOBAL
Global production growth
Poultry production increased 10 fold from 1985 to 2014and is predicted to reach 20 million tonnes by 2020.
In 2014, China produced 17.5 million tonnes of chicken annually. In 20 years, Asia is predicted to produce 40 million tonnes—
2/3 of global production.
China’s production growth
40M
17.5M
2014
1985
Chicken production consumes resources and contributes to greenhouse gas emissionsand water quality issues.
ONE CHICKEN, MANY RESOURCESONE CHICKEN, MANY RESOURCES
19.39 L WATER
4.052 Kg FEED
1.82 KWH ELECTRICITY
The water to produce one chicken is about a ten-day drinking supply for the average adult.
It takes .87 kg of coal to raise one chicken, enough to watch TV for 18 hours.
The amount of feed to produce onechicken takes 8.35 square meters to grow. That’s about the size of anaverage living room
Simple facility upgrades andhygiene improvements can reduce
greenhouse gas emissionsand water pollution.
China faces limited resources in comparison to their population.
China's large population and relatively limited arable land resources make food security a serious concern. The effects of climate change will heighten these challenges.
FOOD SECURITY IS A SERIOUS CHALLENGEFOOD SECURITY IS A SERIOUS CHALLENGE
China feeds 20% of the world's population.
Climate change is predicted to decrease crop productivity in China in the coming years, possibly leading to substantial decreases in staple crop harvests.
China has only 8% of the world's arable landand 40% of that is degraded.
China has access to only 6.5%of the world's fresh water.
RICEWHEAT CORN
—22% —18%—30%These are also used
in chicken feed,implying more grain
must be importedto meet projected
growth.
20%8% 6.5%
These issues are too big to solve on our own. Collective action can reduce the pressureon Earth's resources and improve public health.
WHAT CAN YOU DO?WHAT CAN YOU DO?
Spread the facts about #ChineseChicken by sharing this graphicon social media.
Raise awareness
Be an advocate for regulatory and policy changes that will helpensure you’re serving a safe and responsibly-made product.
Be an advocate
SHARE TWEET
Learn more about where and how your suppliers produce the foodyou sell. Demand transparency, sustainability, and accountability.
Educate yourself
Let your consumers know that food safety is a top priority—and explainwhy it should be a priority for them, too.
Educate your consumers
SHARE SHARE
Food waste and loss exacerbates resource scarcity issues and environmental impact.
WASTE OCCURS AT EVERY STAGEWASTE OCCURS AT EVERY STAGE
START
Animal raising: –2.9%(chicken farm)
END
Consumption : –8%
Slaughtering: –0.6%
Processing: –5%
Distribution & Retail: –6%
—20.27
Overall, about 20.3%of meat in Asia does
not get eaten
China's rising chicken production impacts the whole world.
THE REACH IS GLOBALTHE REACH IS GLOBAL
Countries exporting grains and soy for poultry feed to China
Countries where Chinese companies have invested in land to grow soybeans for livestock feed
Countries where Chinese companies have invested in land to grow corn for livestock feed
Use of soy mealwill increase 30% by2030, driving more
land investmentoutside of China.
China will import22 million tonnesof corn by 2023.
The US now allowsChina to ship fullycooked, frozen and
refrigerated chickento the United States,not requiring country
of origin labeling.
Industry changes are happening too rapidly for producers and regulators to keep up.
THE INDUSTRY IS SHIFTINGTHE INDUSTRY IS SHIFTING
The share of chicken sold in quick servicerestaurants is predicted to increase from
3% in 2010 to 7% in 2020.
Fast food
The share of chicken sold in grocery storesis predicted to increase from 8% in 2010 to
33% in 2020.
Retail
The share of chicken sold in wet marketsis predicted to decline from 77% in 2010 to
45% in 2020.
Wet market
20202020
20102010
2010
2020
From 2000 to 2014, the number of birds produced on small farms(less than 50k birds) decreased from 92% to 55%.
Small farms
From 2000 to 2014, the number of birds produced on large,industrial farms (50k to 1m birds) increased from 8% to 45%.
Industrial farms
2000 2005
20102014
20002005
2010
2014
% BIRDS PRODUCED
% B
IRDS
PRO
DUCE
D
Food safety concerns arise at every point in the supply chain. In 2016, President Xi Jinpingunderscored the need to implement the "strictest" measures to ensure food safety.
He said the strongest measures were needed, featuring rigorous standards, strict supervision,serious punishments and an authoritative accountability system.
THE ROAD TO THE CONSUMERTHE ROAD TO THE CONSUMER
Unhygienic processing conditions includeimproper disposal of animal fluids, lack of
heavy metal testing, water-injected chickenmeat and chemical residue.
Producers independently transport chickenas third-party logistics partners are unable toreliably maintain refrigeration and hygiene.
Retail stores sell unpackaged raw poultryproducts that can lead to increased spoilage
and cross contamination to other foods.
In July 2011, retail corn on average topped $0.43per kg compared to $0.33 in July 2010.
Feed costs account for 67.7% of productioncosts for some farmers.
Volatile prices
In 2011, shortages of chicken feedstocksin China, such as corn and soybeans, were
estimated at around 60 million tons.
Increased feed imports
Rural and farm labor is becoming increasingly scarce due to opportunities in urban areas.
Urbanization
Higher demand for poultry causes higher demand for feed. This need-for-feedcauses environmental impacts elsewhere—like expansion of agriculture into natural
habitat, an increase in global land conversion and additional water use.
RISING DEMAND DRIVES GLOBALIZATIONRISING DEMAND DRIVES GLOBALIZATION
$0.33/kg
$0.43/kg