Can you?
Describe Piaget’s Theory Identify Erikson’s Theory Describe human functioning
according to Freud Distinguish the levels of Maslow Explain Kohlberg’s theory of moral
development.
Piaget’s Intellectual Development
Birth-2 Years
2-7 Years About 6-11 Years
11 and older
Sensori-motor
Pre-Operational
Concrete Operations
Formal Operations
Learns through senses
Learn by using mental images and language
Learn to solve more
complex problems
using logic – concrete
terms
Can think abstractly,
solve complex
problems, find several
solutions
Erikson’s Stages
Trust v. Mistrust Autonomy v. Shame & Doubt Initiative v. Guilt Industry v. Inferiority Identity v. Role Confusion Intimacy v. Isolation Generativity v. Stagnation Integrity v. Despair
Erikson’s Stages of Personality Development
Infants must learn trust Toddlers must develop their individuality/their
voice within Preschoolers must learn to risk Grade-schoolers must learn to be productive and
work Adolescents must learn who they are Adults must accept themselves and be willing to
give it up to another Older adults must care about community not just
self & family members. Elderly must be able to look back at life with no
regrets.
Logical Consequences
Imposing a consequence to discourage undesirable behavior
Consequence should be: related to the undesirable behavior Important to the child Proportional to the behavior Timely
What Would You Do? # to 4
A four-year-old hits his mom An eight-year-old repeatedly
forgets to feed the cat A 12-year-old home alone after
school invites friends over A 14-year-old ignores her
homework and gets a bad progress report
Kohlberg’s Theory
Pre-Conven-tional
Conventional Post-Conven-tional
Stage 1: Threat of
Punishment guides
choices
Stage 3: Opinions of others guide choices
Stage 5: Personal values guide
behavior
Stage 2:Rewards
guide choices
Stage 4: Respect for law and order guide choices
Stage 6: Self-chosen
ethics guide
choices
Preconventional Level
Stage 1 – Obedience – Threat of Punishment
Stage 2 – Self-Interest Desire for rewards
Conventional Level
Stage 3 – Seeking approval Others’ opinions influences choices
Stage 4 – Rules & Fairness Respect for Law and order
Post Conventional Level
Stage 5 – Helping Others Personal values on human rights govern
choices Stage 6 – Universal Principles
Self-chosen ethical principles guide decisions
Match the Theory to Practice (6)1. Lydia takes a lost child back home even
though it leaves her less time to play.2. Justin shares a treat with his friend so his
friend will share a treat with him.3. Maria does her homework very neatly so
the teacher will notice and praise her.4. Stephen attends the Tea Party rally at the
capital.5. Emily puts on her PJ’s because her mom
told her to.6. Peter waits his turn in line at the store
instead of pushing ahead of others.
Bronfenbrenner’s Moral Orientations Self-oriented morality
Wants to satisfy personal needs Authority-oriented morality
Accepts decisions from authority about good and bad
Peer-oriented morality Looks to peers for decisions about right and
wrong Collective-oriented morality
Places groups’ goals over personal interest Objectively-oriented morality
Accepts universal values regardless of what others think
Match It Up # to 5
1. John decides to stop eating junk food because his girlfriend eats more healthfully.
2. Andrea volunteers at the fundraiser because it supports her team.
3. Earl buys the last three hats at the booth even though he knows his friends want one too.
4. Ellen invites a new kid to sit at the table with her at lunch even though her friends tell her not to waste her time.
5. Connie runs to get to school on time because her teacher told her not to be late.