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Memory
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Basic Units Of Measurement
Bit
B inary digit
Smallest unit of measurement
Two possible values 0 1
on offOR
Byte
8 bits
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Computer Parts
There are many parts
that work together to
make a computer
work.
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Hardware
Physical parts of the
computer, including
processor andmemory chips,
input/output devices,
tapes, disks,
modems, cable, etc.
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CPU
The Central
Processing Unit
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Computer Case
Contains the major
components of the
computer. It helpsprotect them.
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Inside the Computer Case
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Monitor
A display screen to
provide output to the
user. It is where you
view the informationyour are working on.
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Video Card
Connects the computer to
the monitor. It is a circuit
board attached to the
motherboard that
contains the memory andother circuitry necessary
to send information to the
monitor for display on
screen.
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Keyboard
Used to enter
information into the
computer and for
giving commands.
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Mouse
An input device operated
by rolling its ball across a
flat surface. The mouse
is used to control the on-
screen pointer by pointingand clicking, double-
clicking, or dragging
objects on the screen.
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Touchpad
A pressure-sensitive
and motion sensitive
device used in place
of a mouse.
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CD Rom Drive
The drive that plays
CDs and reads data
that has been stored
on the CD.
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CD
Compact DiskA
type of optical storage
device.
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Floppy Disk Drive
A device that holds a
removable floppy disk
when in use;
read/write heads readand write data to the
diskette.
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Hard Disk
Magnetic storage
device in the
computer.
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RAM
Random Access Memory
RAM is a computers
temporary memory, which
exists as chips on the
motherboard near the
CPU. It stores data or
programs while they are
being used and requires
power.
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Printer
An output device that
produces a hard copy
on paper. It gives
information to theuser in printed form.
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Barcode Reader
An input device thatconverts a pattern ofprinted bars into anumber that acomputer can read.They are often usedby businesses toquickly input price
and productinformation.
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Scanner
A device that allows
pictures to be placed
into a computer.
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Microphone
Allows the user to
record sounds as
input to their
computer.
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Speakers
Used to generate or
reproduce voice,
music, and other
sounds.
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Sound Card
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Modem
The place where the
computer is
connected to the
phone line.
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Network Card
A circuit board that
connects the
computer to the rest
of the network usuallyusing special cables.
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Software
Programs that tell the
computer what to do.
It provides
instructions that theCPU will need to
carry out.
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INTEL PENTIUM 4 PROCESSOR
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DRAM
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SRAM
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Installing a SIMM Module
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Installing a DIMM Module
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Installing a DIMM Module
(continued)
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Installing a RIMM Module
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1. Magnetic Drives
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sectorseach track isdivided into pie-shaped wedges
clustertwo or moresectorscombined
tracksdata is recorded inconcentric circularbands
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Construc t ion and Operat ion
o f the Hard Disk
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Floppy Disks
A floppy disk is a portable, inexpensive storage
medium that consists of a thin, circular, flexible
plastic disk with a magnetic coating enclosed in
a square-shaped plastic shell.
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Connectors
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Connectors
Nearly all floppy disk drives have two connectors one for power to run the drive
and the other to carry the control and data signals to and from the drive. These connectors
are fairly standardized in the computer industry. A 4 pin inline connector in both large and
small styles is used for power and a 34 pin connector in both edge and pin header designs isused for the data and control signals. Typically 5 drives use the large style power
connector and the 34 pin edge type connector, whereas most 3 drives use the smaller
version of the power connector and the 34 pin header type logic connector
(+12V) Yellow
(Gnd) Black
(+5V) Red
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ASPECT RATIO & VIEWABLE AREA
TWO MEASURES DESCRIBE THE
SIZE OF YOUR DISPLAY.
THE ASPECT RATIO & SCREEN
SIZE.
COMPUTER DISPLAY LIKE MOST
TELEVISIONS WHICH HAVE 4:3
RATIO. THIS MEANS THAT THE
RATIO OF THE WIDTH OF THE
DISPLAY SCREEN TO THE HEIGHT
IS 4 TO 3.
FOR WIDE SCREEN LCD / TFT
MONITORS, THE ASPECT RATIO
CAN GO UPTO 16:945
PHYSICAL CONSTRUCTION OF A
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PHYSICAL CONSTRUCTION OF A
CATHODE RAY TUBE
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Dot Matrix Printer
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Troubleshooting Dot Matrix Printers
Symptom/Problem
Possible cause(s) Possible solution(s)
Print resultsare too light.
Ribbon cartridge is out of ink.(dry)
Replace ink ribbon.
Error-ledflashes.
Printer overload. Leave it for a while and remove all printjobs. Try printing in smaller portions.
Printer doesnot print.
1. Printer is offline.2. Printer is out of paper.3. Printer is not connected.
1. Turn printer online.2. Add paper.3. Check cable connections.
Paper doesnot advance.
Paper is not properly placed orpaper-feed mechanism is broken.
Make sure the paper is aligned and thetractor wheels are in place.
Charactersareincomplete.
Pins are stuck or broken. Replace the print head
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Inkjet
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L SERJET
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Six sequential steps of laser printingL SERJET
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Step 2: Conditioning
Drum is conditioned to contain a high
electrical charge
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Step 3: WritingL SERJET
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The interior of a po er s ppl
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The interior of a power supply
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Example of Windows (GUI)