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American History Chapter 19: The Cold War
III. The Korean War
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Objectives
• How di the Communist expansion in Asia set the stage for the Korean War?
• Who fought in the Korean War, and what were the three stages of the war?
• What were the effects of the Korean War?
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Bell Ringer
• Domino effect of communist. What is it?
• What do we know about Korea today?
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A) Communist Expansion in Asia
• The Chinese Civil War – Nationalist led buy Jiang Jieshi captured Beijing – the Communists led by Mao Zedong captured Shanghai – civil war
• Jiang was harsh, high taxes, corruption• Mao – offered peasants schooling and
health care (Long March 653)• After WWII – Communist pushed the
Nationalists to Taiwan
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• Dividing Korea – After WWII – Korea divided on the 38th parallel
14)38th Parallel: division line between North and South Korea
• Communist government established in North and pro-American government in South.
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B) The Korean Conflict
15)Korean War – between North and South Korea with US involvement
• Truman thought WWIII would start• Truman asked the UN to declare North
Korea the aggressor – USSR not there – passed unanimously – UN Police Action
• US not declare war - resolution• UN and 16 nations asked US to lead the
fight – US 80% of troops – UN force
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C) Waging the War
• North Koreans pushed the South to the tip of the peninsula at Pusan.
• MacArthur landed troops at Inchon and attacked from behind.
• Pushed troops all the way to Chinese border – ignored Chinese threat and kept going – China attacked and pushed MacArthur back to 38th parallel
• MacArthur wanted Taiwan to attack China – sent a letter to the House minority leader attacking Truman – letter made public – MacArthur fired
• Peace treaty finally in 1953 by Eisenhower
1)Communist invasion of South Korea
2)UN forces drive NK back3)Stalemate as China enters
war.
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D) The Effects of the Korean War
• 54,000 US soldiers killed.
• Korean war first war with de-segregated army
• Huge military budget – 50%
16)military-industrial complex – military industry, scientific development, and research community that employed 3.5 million Americans
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Review
• How did Communist expansion I Asia set the stage for the Korean War?
• Who fought in the Korean War, and what were the 3 stages of the war?
• What were the effects of the Korean War?