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Agroforestry
Dave Trotter Sustainable Agriculture Management Branch
Ministry of Agriculture
BC Perspective
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What is it?
intentional, integrated management of combinations of trees, shrubs, crops and/or livestock
blends agriculture, silviculture and conservation practices in the same land use system
Intentional, Integrated, Interactive
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Characteristics
Crops or livestock and trees are intentionally combined.
The interactions between these components are planned and managed.
The enterprise is managed and evaluated as a single system rather than as separate parts.
S. Sharrow www.DoctorRange.com
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Economic Social
Ecological
AF
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Used Worldwide Practiced in various parts of the world for
thousands of years.
• Land shortages + population growth
• Need for efficient production systems for food and wood resources
• Important role in sustainability Haryana, India
G. P
owell
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propagation, pruning, tending, weeding, selective harvest, and habitat modification
use of fire to manage forest overstory to optimize berry production, wildlife habitat (enhance forage and browse)
Sustainability – First Nations
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Agroforestry "Products"
Conventional forest products
e.g. timber, pulp, poles, fuel wood
Functions
e.g. habitat, filtration, biodiversity, conservation, C-sequestration
Crops from the trees
NTFR’s: e.g. boughs, oils, NHP, nuts, sap, fruit, cones
Crops Below or Between the Trees
Forage to florals, livestock, ag crops and everything in-between.
G. Powell
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Agroforestry Systems
Timberbelts/ Windbreaks/Buffers
Integrated Riparian
Management
Alley cropping
Silvopasture
Forest Farming T. Zabek
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Silvopasture
Designed and managed for the production of trees, forage and livestock.
Deliberate introduction or enhancement of forages in timber systems OR timber in forage systems.
Livestock produce an annual economic return balanced with timber at rotation
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Considerations
Tree selection
Tree planting densities & patterns
Forage selection
Livestock selection
Animal management
Silviculture considerations
Management skills
Wildlife interactions
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Examples
Kootenay Tree Farms – Cranbrook
Jay Springs Ranch - Kamloops
Potl
ach C
orpo
rati
on
Poplar and goats - OR
C. Willis
C. Willis
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Purpose: Evaluate effectiveness of silvopasture systems to maintain and enhance forage production concomitant with fibre production, enhance riparian stewardship and generate co-benefits such as carbon storage.
Location: Vernon Creek Watershed
Community Watersheds on Crown land in BC - managed for integrated use of a wide spectrum of activities e.g., domestic water supply, recreation, forestry, range, environmental protection
Silvopasture pilot
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Two forested rangeland sites (20 and 50 ha); spring range
1300 to 1400 m elevation
Treatments:
• timber control
• forage-only control
• silvopasture (planted 600 sph)
• silvopasture (planted 1200 sph)
Off-stream water
Project Description
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Livestock distribution
Timber and forage productivity
Riparian health
Carbon sequestration
Monitoring
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Forest Farming
Integrated cultivation/ management of both overstory and understory.
Intensive to extensive approaches
Sustainability and stewardship
Oak and papyrus - FL
Ferns and garlands - FL
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Forest Farming
Wild simulated ginseng - QC
Wild ginger - QC
Christmas trees
Birch syrup and sap products -BC
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Forest Farming/Alternate Crops
Information, tools, pilots
Review/synthesis.
Alternate crops evaluation framework.
Forest foods - case study incorporating Good Agriculture and Collection Practices (GACPs).
GACP supplemental training modules.
Pilot – Vancouver Island
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Alley cropping
Crop (e.g. forages, berries, vegetables etc;) cultivation between single or multiple rows of trees or shrubs spaced to allow close to full sun between the rows.
Hawthorne, forage, NHP - BC
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Alley cropping
Black walnut and grass seed - OR
Black walnut and forage/nursery
plants - Vernon/Oyama
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Alley cropping Gladiolus and peaches - ON
Christmas Trees and pumpkins - Vancouver Island
Canola and various hardwoods - QC
Alder and hydrangea - OR
S. Berch
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Alley Cropping Trial – AAFC, Kamloops
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Windbreaks/Shelterbelts/ Timberbelts
A range of planting types – single and multi-row.
Plantings designed to provide environmental goods and services, as well as providing the opportunity for financial gains through harvest of woody plants and other products.
Big Bear Ranch - Cariboo
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Windbreaks/Shelterbelts/ Timberbelts
Poplar and forage – Murdoch Lake, AB
Fraser Valley
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Integrated Riparian Management
Plantings along water bodies for protection and enhancement of aquatic and riparian resources - incorporating the potential for economic returns without impairing proper functioning condition.
Matsqui Prairie - BC
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Integrated Riparian Management
Multi-Species Riparian Forest Buffer http://www.centerforagroforestry.org/practices/rb.asp
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Phase 1 (2004-2009)
•10 operational demonstrations •Workshops, tours and information sessions •Extension
• Website: www.woodlot.bc.ca/agroforestry/ • Newsletter: Agroforestry Update • Production Guides and Training • Extension Notes
Phase 2 (2010-2013)
• New Strategic Plan
• New funding: www.agroforestry.info
Agroforestry Industry Development Initiative
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www.agroforestry.info
Pur pose Support the development and adoption of agroforestry practices for the benefit of all British Columbians.
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www.agroforestry.info
Fund i ng • Full funding guidelines, eligibility and other program information are available at www.agroforestry.info
• Application support: [email protected]
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www.agroforestry.info
Goa l s 1. Develop the business case for agroforestry
practices in BC
2. Improve market connections for agroforestry products and services
3. Demonstrate agroforestry practices to showcase operational examples of agroforestry systems
4. Improve agroforestry awareness, extension and education
5. Expand and strengthen partnerships among agroforestry practitioners and stakeholder organizations.
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C. Willis G. Backlund
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www.agroforestry.info
Current Projects Practitioner Sales Channel Assessment for Hawthorn
Naturally Grown Herb & Spice Producers Cooperative (HerbPro) - Working to enhance sales of raw hawthorn ingredients and value-added products through natural health products practitioners. - Supporting agroforestry markets and value chain development.
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www.agroforestry.info
Current Projects Agroforestry Capacity Building in Northern BC
- Working to stimulate the implementation and evolution of agroforestry as a viable element of integrated resource management in northern BC. - Improving regional agroforestry awareness, education and networking in northern BC.
Resources North Association
G. Powell
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www.agroforestry.info
Current Projects Agroforestry Session at the Hort Growers Short Course
Lower Mainland Horticulture Improvement Association - Delivered a one-day agroforestry workshop January 28, 2012 at the Horticulture Growers’ Short Course, in conjunction with the Pacific Agriculture Show in Abbotsford.
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www.agroforestry.info
Current Projects Cultivating Sustainable Agroforestry Through Collaboration, Demonstration, and Extension
Delta Farmers Institute with the UBC Farm - Will deliver a one-day agroforestry workshop with demonstrations at the UBC Farm. - Creating a quick-reference guide summarizing agroforestry trends, opportunities, practices, marketing considerations, and challenges. G
. Pow
ell
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www.agroforestry.info
Current Projects East Kootenay Food Forest Demonstration
Clear Sky Farm, Fort Steele
- Developing a ‘food forest’ site to test diverse food plant varieties arranged into multiple canopy layers and alleys. - Will host tours and a food forest design training session in 2013.
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www.agroforestry.info
Current Projects Alley Cropping Demonstration - Gulf Islands
Just Another Weed Patch Farm, Gabriola Island -Developing a diverse nut and timber tree grove grown in combination with livestock and annual vegetable and flower crops. - Documenting their experiences at http://justanotherweedpatch.com G. Powell
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www.agroforestry.info
Current Projects
Integrating Apiculture in Riparian Buffers
Murray Family Woodlot, Slocan Lake - Demonstrating riparian management that can provide multiple production benefits (including honey) and conservation of watershed and biodiversity values. - Developing a cost-benefit analysis of the production system.
G. Powell
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www.agroforestry.info
Current Projects Best Silvopasture Management Practices - producing Christmas trees and forage
Kootenay Tree Farms, Cranbrook
- Testing methods to increase tree and forage production, while reducing incidence of disease in the trees.
- Cost-benefit analysis and field workshops in the study area.
G. Powell
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www.agroforestry.info
Current Projects
Alley Cropping Demonstration - Okanagan
Curly Frog Farm - Kelowna - Demonstrating an alley cropping system utilizing black walnut and pawpaw tree rows. - Will host site tours focused on production methods, resources and costs.
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www.agroforestry.info
Current Projects Cariboo Silvopasture Demonstration
Zirnhelt Ranch, Big Lake Ranch -Addressing information and knowledge gaps that limit the adoption of silvopasture practices in areas affected by mountain pine beetle.
- Workshop will be held on site to discuss silvopasture systems and applications, and the potential for expanding this system design to other lands in the region.
G. Powell
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www.agroforestry.info
Current Projects
email: [email protected]
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Acknowledgments
Funding for the Agroforestry Industry Development Initiative (AIDI) has been provided by Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada through the Canadian Agricultural Adaptation Program (CAAP). In British Columbia, this program is delivered by the Investment Agriculture Foundation of BC. The Province of British Columbia provides in-kind support to the AIDI. The Federation of BC Woodlot Associations administers the AIDI with the guidance of the Agroforestry Management Committee.