Download - 4g Netwoks FDP
Mrs.A.Petrishia
Where are we?
Where do we Want to go?
3G Network
3G vs 4G
4G Network
Applications of 4G
Hyper Lan- set of wireless Lan
1G-First Generation ◦ Speech
2G-Second Generation ◦ SMS , MMS◦ CDMA , GPRS , EDGE◦ Voice Mail
3G-Third Generation ◦ Wireless Internet◦ Video Calling◦ Mobile TV
High transfer rate
Internet access any where
Ability to move around with the same IP address
Utilization of Smart antennas
High resolution Mobile TV
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cdmaOnecdmaOne
GSMGSM
TDMA TDMA
2G
PDC PDC
CDMA2000 1x
CDMA2000 1x
First Step into 3G
GPRSGPRS 90%
10%
Evolution of Mobile Systems to 3G- drivers are capacity, data speeds, lower cost of delivery for revenue growth
EDGEEDGE
WCDMA
WCDMA
CDMA2000 1x EV/DV
CDMA2000 1x EV/DV
3G phase 1 Evolved 3G
3GPP CoreNetwork
CDMA2000 1x EV/DO
CDMA2000 1x EV/DO
HSDPA
HSDPA
Expected market share
EDGEEvolution
EDGEEvolution
Higher bandwidth enables a range of new applications!! For the consumer
◦ Video streaming, TV broadcast◦ Video calls, video clips – news, music, sports◦ Enhanced gaming, chat, location services…
For business◦ High speed teleworking / VPN access◦ Sales force automation◦ Video conferencing◦ Real-time financial information
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Performance evolution of cellular technologies
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Improved performance, decreasing cost of delivery
Typical average bit rates (peak rates higher)
WEB browsingCorporate data accessStreaming audio/video
Voice & SMS Presence/location
xHTML browsingApplication downloadingE-mail
MMS picture / video
Multitasking
3G-specific services take advantage of higher bandwidth
and/or real-time QoS
3G-specific services take advantage of higher bandwidth
and/or real-time QoS
A number of mobile services are bearer
independent in nature
A number of mobile services are bearer
independent in nature
HSDPA1-10Mbps
WCDMA2
Mbps
EGPRS473kbps
GPRS171kbps
GSM9.6
kbps
Push-to-talk
Broadbandin wide area
Video sharing Video telephonyReal-time IPmultimedia and gamesMulticasting
Services roadmap
CD
MA
200
0-E
VD
O
CD
MA
200
0-E
VD
V
CD
MA
200
0 1
x
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SD
Mobile Station
MSC/VLR
Base StationSubsystem
GMSC
Network Subsystem
AUCEIR HLR
Other Networks
Note: Interfaces have been omitted for clarity purposes.
GGSNSGSN
BTS BSC
NodeB
RNC
RNS
UTRAN
SIM ME
USIMME
+
PSTN
PLMN
Internet
UMTS network architecture consists of three domains:
◦ Core Network (CN) : To provide switching, routing and transit for user traffic.
◦ UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network (UTRAN) : Provides the air interface access method for User Equipment.
◦ User Equipment (UE) : Terminals work as air interface counterpart for Node B. The various identities are: IMSI, TMSI, P-TMSI, TLLI, MSISDN, IMEI, IMEISV.
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Wide band CDMA technology is selected for UTRAN air interface.
Base Station is referred to as Node-B and control equipment for Node-B’s is called is called as Radio Network Controller (RNC).◦ Functions of Node –B are:
Air Interface Tx/Rx Modulation / Demodulation
◦ Functions of RNC are: Radio Resource Control Channel Allocation Power Control Settings Handover Control Ciphering Segmentation and Reassembly
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• UMTS Band : 1900-2025 MHz and 2110-2200 MHz for 3G transmission.
• Terrestrial UMTS (UTRAN) : 1900-1980 MHz, 2010-2025 MHz, and 2110-2170 MHz bands
UMTS Frequency Spectrum
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Yes, New W-CDMA handsets will work on W-CDMA at 2Mbps, EDGE n/w at 384 Kbps, GPRS n/w at 144 Kbps. GSM n/w at 9.9 Kbps. Older handsets will not work in W-CDMA.
Yes
Requires completely new base stations
FDD5MHzW-CDMA
Yes, New handsets work on EDGE n/w at 384Kbps, GPRS n/w at 144Kbps, and GSM n/w at 9.6 Kbps with tri-mode phones. GSM and GPRS-only phones will not work in EDGE n/w.
No
Requires new transceivers at base station. Also, software upgrade to the BSC & BTS
FDD200KHzEDGE
Yes, New GPRS handsets work on GPRS n/w at 171.2Kbps, 9.6 Kbps on GSM n/w with dual mode phones. GSM only phones will not work in GPRS n/w.
No
Requires new packet overlay including routers and gateways
FDD200KHzGPRS
Yes, New HSCSD handsets provide 57.6Kbps on HSCSD n/w and 9.6 Kbps on GSM n/w with dual mode phones. GSM only phones will not work in HSCSD N/w.
No
Requires Software Upgrade at base station
FDD200KHzHSCSD
Requires New HandsetsRequires
New Spectrum
Infrastructure Change
DuplexChannel
BW
Wireless Data Tech
IMPACT ON EXISTING NETWORK
3.5G or HSDPA (High Speed Downlink Packet Access) is an enhanced version and the next intermediate generation of 3G UMTS. It comprises the technologies that improve the Air Interface and increase the spectral efficiency, to support data rates of the order of 30 Mbps. 3.5G introduces many new features that will enhance the UMTS technology in future. 1xEV-DV already supports most of the features that will be provided in 3.5G. These include: Adaptive Modulation and Coding Fast Scheduling Backward compatibility with 3G Enhanced Air interface
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4G-NETWORK
Visit 4Gmobile.com for more
What’s 4G Mobile Technologies
Open Wireless Architecture (OWA)
Cost-effective and spectrum-effective high speed wireless transmission
4G can support high-speed transmission, but High-speed is NOT 4G
GSMGSMUMTS FDD(W-CDMA)UMTS FDD(W-CDMA)
UMTS TDD(TD-SCDMA)UMTS TDD
(TD-SCDMA)
PWLANPWLAN
EDGEEDGEGPRSGPRS
SatelliteSatelliteWIMAXWIMAX -Best for
Spectrum Management Access vs. Mobile Spectrum Sharing Spectrum Recycling
ANY WHERE
ANY DEVICE
ANY TIME
ANY NETWORK
Bro
ad
cast
WM
AN
CellularWLAN
WPAN
SEAMLESS CONNECTIVITY
Wireless Standards Complexity Multiples
Navig
atio
n
GSM
GPRS
EDGE
UMTS HSDPA HSUP
A3.9G
4G
Cellular
802.16d
802.16e
WMAN802.11
b
802.11g
802.11a
802.11n
WLAN
UWB
RFID
Bluetooth®
WPANDVB-H
ISDB-T
DMB
Broadcast DTV
A-GPS Galileo
Navigation
FMHD DAB
Broadcast Radio
Without open wireless architecture, the wireless industry will be totally messed-up
Also known as ‘Mobile Broadband everywhere’ ‘MAGIC’
◦ Mobile Multimedia Communication◦ Anywhere, Anytime with Anyone◦ Global Mobility Support◦ Integrated Wireless Solution◦ Customized Personal Service
According to 4G Mobile Forum, by 2008 over $400 billion would be invested in 4G mobile projects.
In India, communication Minister Mr. Dayanidhi Maran, has announced a national centre of excellence to work in 4G arena.
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OFDM Ultra wide band Smart Antennas
Switched beam
Adaptive array antenna Scheduling among users Picco cells
Technology 3G 4G
Data Transfer Rate 3.1MB /sec 100MB/sec
Internet services Broadband Ultra Broadband
Mobile -TV Resolution
Low High
Bandwidth 5 - 20 MHz 100 +MHz
Frequency 1.6- 2 GHZ 2 – 8 GHz
Network Architecture Wide Area Network Hybrid Network
3G Vs 4G
Software define RadioConfigured to any
Radio FrequencyPacket Layer software
Able to work different broadband network
Mobile IP◦ VoIP◦ Ability to move around with the same IP
address◦ Intelligent Internet
Presence Awareness Technology◦ Knowing who is on line and where
Radio Router◦ Bringing IP to the base station
Smart Antennas◦ Unique spatial metric for each transmission
Orthogonal Subcarriers
Cyclic Prefix in Frequency Domain Cyclic Prefix in Time Domain
Key Technologies Required for 4G
OFDMA
-Time domain
-Space domain
-Frequency domain
Life-Saving: Telemedicine
Video Conferencing
Telegeoprocessing: GIS,GPS
Better Usage of Multimedia Applications
Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) for IPv6
IP + WPAN + WLAN + WMAN + WWAN + any other stragglers
= 4G
Any Queries?
Thankyou
WiMax (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is a standards-based technology enabling the delivery of last mile wireless broadband access as an alternative to cable and DSL.
The technology is specified by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., as the IEEE 802.16 standard.
It is a non-profit industry body dedicated to promoting the adoption of this technology and ensuring that different vendors’ products will interoperate.
It is doing this through developing conformance and interoperability test plans and certification program.
WiMAX Forum Certified™ means a service provider can buy equipment from more than one company and be confident that everything works together.
WiMAX is expected to provide fixed , nomadic, portable and, eventually, mobile wireless broadband connectivity without the need for direct line-of-sight (LOS) with a base station.
In a typical cell radius deployment of three to ten kilometers, WiMAX Forum Certified™ systems can be expected to deliver capacity of up to 40 Mbps per channel, for fixed and portable access applications.
Mobile network deployments are expected to provide up to 15 Mbps of capacity within a typical cell radius deployment of up to three kilometers.
Simultaneously support hundreds of businesses with T-1 speed connectivity and thousands of homes with DSL speed connectivity.
Promise of potential low cost and flexibility in building broadband networks.
Scalability, as extra channels and base stations can be added incrementally as bandwidth demand grows.
Support for both voice and video as well as Internet data.
Semiconductor vendors envisage WiMax-enabled chips appearing in PCs in 2006 and in notebook computers and PDAs by 2007
Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) is a set of technologies that are based on the IEEE 802.11a,b, and g standards.
Wi-Fi is considered to be one of the first widely deployed fixed broadband wireless networks.
The Wi-Fi architecture consists of a base station that wireless hosts connect to in order to access network resources.
As long as the users remain within 300 feet of the fixed wireless access point, they can maintain broadband wireless connectivity.
Standard Throughput Range Frequency
802.11a Up to 54 Mbps
Up to 300 ft
Between 5 and 6 Ghz
802.11b Up to 11 Mbps
Up to 300 ft
2.4 Ghz
802.11g Up to 54 Mbps
Up to 300 ft
2.4 Ghz
Simplicity and ease of deployment given that it uses unlicensed radio spectrum which does not require regulatory approval.
Cost of rolling out this wireless solution is low. Users are able to be mobile for up to 300 feet
from the access point. There are many Wi-Fi compatible products that
are available at a low cost and can interoperate with other network technologies. Wi-Fi clients can work seamlessly in other countries with minimal configuration.
Limited level of mobility. Susceptible to interference. Designed technically for short-range
operations and basically an indoors technology.
Security is a concern.
WiMax eliminates the constraints of Wi-Fi. Unlike Wi-Fi, WiMax is intended to work
outdoors over long distances. WiMax is a more complex technology and
has to handle issues of importance such as QoS guarantees, carrier-class reliability, NLOS.
WiMax is not intended to replace Wi-Fi. Instead, the two technologies complement each other.
802.16 802.16a 802.16-2004
802.16e-2005
Date Completed
December 2001
January 2003
June 2004
December 2005
Spectrum 10-66 GHz < 11 GHz
< 11 GHz
< 6 GHz
Operation
LOS Non-LOS Non-LOS
Non-LOS and Mobile
Bit Rate 32-134 Mbps
Up to 75 Mbps
Up to 75 Mbps
Up to 15 Mbps
Cell Radius
1-3 miles 3-5 miles 3-5 miles
1-3 miles
WiMax can provide 2 forms of wireless service:- Non-LOS, Wi-Fi sort of service, where a small antenna on a computer connects to the tower. Uses lower frequency range (2 to 11 GHz). - LOS, where a fixed antenna points straight at the WiMax tower from a rooftop or pole. The LOS connection is stronger and more stable, so it is able to send a lot of data with fewer errors. Uses higher frequencies, with ranges reaching a possible 66 GHz.
Through stronger LOS antennas, WiMax transmitting stations would send data to WiMax enabled computers or routers set up within 30 (3,600 square miles of coverage) mile radius.
WiMax Forum anticipates rollout of its technology in 3 phases:- Phase 1: Fixed Location, Private Line Services, Hot Spot Backhaul.- Phase 2: Broadband Wireless Access/Wireless DSL- Phase 3: Mobile/Nomadic Users.
Broad Operating Range WiMax Forum is focusing on 3 spectrum bands for
global deployment: Unlicensed 5 GHz: Includes bands between 5.25
and 5.85 GHz. In the upper 5 GHz band (5.725 – 5.850 GHz) many countries allow higher power output (4 Watts) that makes it attractive for WiMax applications.
Licensed 3.5 GHz: Bands between 3.4 and 3.6 GHz have been allocated for BWA in majority of countries.
Licensed 2.5 GHz: The bands between 2.5 and 2.6 GHz have been allocated in the US, Mexico, Brazil and in some SEA countries. In US this spectrum is licensed for MDS and ITFS.
Licensed Solution License-Exempt Solution
Better QoS Fast Rollout
Better NLOS reception at lower frequencies
Lower Costs
Higher barriers for entrance
More worldwide options
Both solutions are based on IEEE 802.16-2004 standard, which uses OFDM in the physical (PHY) layer.
OFDM provides benefits such as increased SNR of subscriber stations and improved resiliency to multi-path interference.
For creating bi-directional channels for uplink and downlink, licensed solutions use FDD while license exempt solutions use TDD.