Download - 3.2 Out of Africa
3.2 Out of Africa7SE JWO 2014
Topics to be covered…….
• Imagining the distant past• The theory of evolution• Human migrations• Old Stone Age technologies• Organisation of Old Stone Age societies • The Neanderthal mystery• Neanderthals and Homo sapiens• Definitions• Task
Imagining the distant past
• You live in a cave or shelter• All your clothes would be from the skins
of animals and you would only have them if it was cold
• Your family hunts for animals and gathers roots, seeds and fruits.
• Your only light at night comes from making fire with flint or by rubbing sticks
• You live in fear of large animals who hunt you for food
The theory of evolution
• Belief from The Bible – all living things created 6000 years ago
• Charles Darwin 1859 – theory of evolution• Scientific argument – species evolved from other
life forms• Supported by evidence from fossils • Scientists now think life on Earth began about
3 Billion years ago
Human Migration• Originally – several human species• Only Homo sapiens survived• Migrated from Africa into Asia,
Australia, Europe and the Americas• Why did people migrate?
- warmer weather- food supplies
Old Stone Age technologies
• Stones smashed to created jagged edges• Improved by flaking and grinding• Examples
» Chisels» Scrapers» Small spears and arrow tips» Sewing needles» Fishing hooks
Organisation of society
• Largely guess work• Similar to surviving
hunter-gatherers• Moved around• Different roles based
on gender
The Neanderthal mystery
• Why did the Neanderthals die out?• Did Homo sapiens cause it?• Did they become extinct for other reasons?
Neanderthals and Homo Sapiens
• Similarities» Brain size» Tools» Hunter-gatherers» Used fire» Cared for their sick» Buried their dead
• Differences – Neanderthals had» Shorter and were more strongly built» Shorter lives» Lived in smaller groups» Less migration – never further than Europe and Western Asia» Less nomadic lifestyles
Definitions for 3.2 (words 5-11)
• Evolve – to develop and change by natural processes
• Extinct – died out• Flint – a very hard stone, useful for tools and for
making sparks to start fires• Genetics – study of heredity• Palaeontologist – a scientist who studies fossils• Species – a group or classification of living things
Task
• Open up the text book to pg 58 and 59
• Using Source 1 – create a timeline based on the movement of humans from Africa to the main regions of the World.
• Use provided graph paper for this task