Download - 11 THEMES OF AP BIOLOGY
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1111 THEMESTHEMES OFOF APAP BIOLOGYBIOLOGY
“Hooks” to hang info upon
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1111 THEMESTHEMES OFOF
APAP BIOLOGYBIOLOGY
(hooks to hang info upon)
• Scientific Inquiry
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1111 THEMESTHEMES OFOF
APAP BIOLOGYBIOLOGY
(hooks to hang info upon)
2) Evolution
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1111 THEMESTHEMES OFOF
APAP BIOLOGYBIOLOGY
(hooks to hang info upon)
3) Energy Transfer
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1111 THEMESTHEMES OFOF
APAP BIOLOGYBIOLOGY
(hooks to hang info upon)
4) Unity and Diversity
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1111 THEMESTHEMES OFOF
APAP BIOLOGYBIOLOGY
(hooks to hang info upon)
5) Relationship of Structure to
Function
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1111 THEMESTHEMES OFOF
APAP BIOLOGYBIOLOGY
(hooks to hang info upon)
6) Regulation
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1111 THEMESTHEMES OFOF
APAP BIOLOGYBIOLOGY
(hooks to hang info upon)
7) Interaction w/ the Environment
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1111 THEMESTHEMES OFOF
APAP BIOLOGYBIOLOGY
(hooks to hang info upon)
8) Science, Technology, & Society
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1111 THEMESTHEMES OFOF
APAP BIOLOGYBIOLOGY
(hooks to hang info upon)
9) The Cell
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1111 THEMESTHEMES OFOF
APAP BIOLOGYBIOLOGY
(hooks to hang info upon)
10) Heritable Information
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1111 THEMESTHEMES OFOF
APAP BIOLOGYBIOLOGY
(hooks to hang info upon)
11) Emergent
Properties
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Hierarchy of
Organization
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Hierarchy of
Organization
atom-->atom-->
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Hierarchy of
Organization
atom--> molecule-->atom--> molecule-->
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Hierarchy of
Organization
atom--> molecule--> atom--> molecule--> organelleorganelle --> -->
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Hierarchy of
Organization
atom--> molecule--> atom--> molecule--> organelleorganelle --> cell--> --> cell-->
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Hierarchy of
Organization
atom--> molecule--> atom--> molecule--> organelleorganelle --> cell--> --> cell--> tissue-->tissue-->
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Hierarchy of
Organization
atom--> molecule--> atom--> molecule--> organelleorganelle --> cell--> --> cell--> tissue--> organ--> tissue--> organ--> system-->system-->
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Hierarchy of
Organization
atom--> molecule--> atom--> molecule--> organelleorganelle --> cell--> --> cell--> tissue--> organ--> tissue--> organ--> system--> organism-->system--> organism-->
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Hierarchy of
Organization
atom--> molecule--> atom--> molecule--> organelleorganelle --> cell--> --> cell--> tissue--> organ--> tissue--> organ--> system--> organism--> system--> organism--> population--> population-->
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Hierarchy of
Organization
atom--> molecule--> atom--> molecule--> organelleorganelle --> cell--> --> cell--> tissue--> organ--> tissue--> organ--> system--> organism--> system--> organism--> population--> population--> Community-->Community-->
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Hierarchy of
Organization
atom--> molecule--> atom--> molecule--> organelleorganelle --> cell--> --> cell--> tissue--> organ--> tissue--> organ--> system--> organism--> system--> organism--> population--> population--> Community--> Community--> ECOSYSTEM ECOSYSTEM -->BIOSPHERE>BIOSPHERE
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Hierarchy of
Organization
emergentemergent propertiesproperties
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Each step up,
emergemerg
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Each step up, novel properties emerge
emergentemergent
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Each step up, novel properties emerge that were not present
emergent propemergent prop
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Each step up, novel properties emerge that were not present at the simpler level below.
emergentemergent
propertiesproperties
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Characteristics of Life:
1.Order-
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Basic Unit of Life:CELLS)
History of cell discovery -
Prokaryotic - characteristics:
found in:
Eukaryotic - characteristics:
found in.
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Basic Unit of Life:CELLS (overhead)
History of cell discovery -pg.4&6
Prokaryotic - characteristics:
found in:
Eukaryotic - characteristics:
found in.
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Characteristics of Life:
1.Order-
2.Reproduction Capabilities-
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Characteristics of Life:
1.Order-
2.Ability to Reproduce-
3.Growth & Development-
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Continuity for ALLALL life =
DNADNA•4 nucleotidesnucleotides-
•gene-•same genetic code
•different sequences = differences among organisms
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Characteristics of Life:
1.Order-
2.Ability to Reproduce-
3.Growth & Development (DNA)-
4.Energy Processing-
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Characteristics of Life:
1.Order-
2.Ability to Reproduce-
3.Growth & Development (DNA)-
4.Energy Utilization-
5.Response to Environment-
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Characteristics of Life:
1.Order-
2.Ability to Reproduce-
3.Growth & Development (DNA)-
4.Energy Utilization-
5.Response to Environment-
6. Evolutionary Adaptation-
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Characteristics of Life:
1.Order-
2.Ability to Reproduce-
3.Growth & Development (DNA)-
4.Energy Utilization-
5.Response to Environment-
6. Evolutionary Adaptation-
7.Regulation-
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Regulatory Regulatory MechanismsMechanisms ensure balance in Life
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Regulatory Regulatory MechanismsMechanismsNegative feedback- accumulation of product inhibits an enzyme in the production sequence of product
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
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Regulatory Regulatory MechanismsMechanismsPositive feedback- accumulation of product enhances an enzyme increasing production of product.
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Regulatory Regulatory MechanismsMechanisms
Platletes aggregate @ cut, chemicals released by platletes attract MORE platletes
QuickTime™ and a decompressor
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EVOLUTION, UNITY, EVOLUTION, UNITY, DIVERSITYDIVERSITY
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EVOLUTION IS THE CORE EVOLUTION IS THE CORE THEMETHEME
•Species change over time
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EVOLUTION IS THE CORE EVOLUTION IS THE CORE THEMETHEME
•Species change over time
•Populations have potential to produce more offspring than can be supported.
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EVOLUTION IS THE CORE EVOLUTION IS THE CORE THEMETHEME
•Species change over time
•Populations have potential to produce more offspring than can be supported.
•Natural selection
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EVOLUTION IS THE CORE EVOLUTION IS THE CORE THEMETHEME
Similar species share a common ancestor on phylogenic treephylogenic tree
•All life connected and traced back to prokaryotes
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EVOLUTION, UNITY, EVOLUTION, UNITY, DIVERSITYDIVERSITY
DiversityDiversity of all life -
Taxonomy-
UnityUnity of all life-
cell structure, DNA,
metabolic pathways
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Scientific Processes
1. Asking a question John Endler Univ of Cal - why is there a
significant difference in populations of guppies
regarding average age and size @ sexual
maturity?
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Scientific Processes
2. Hypothesis -
testable, tentative explanation
for what we observe.
Could it be the
predator which preys
predominately on the
population?
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Scientific Processes
3. Prediction - if/then (If the hypothesis is true, then the results of the experiment will be…)
IF, guppies from Pike-
Cichlid pools are
introduced to new pools
th,at contain only
killifish THEN, the
average age and size at
maturity will be
heavierand older than
nontransplanted
individuals
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Scientific Processes4. Testing the validity of the hypothesis
Control Group - the group not moved
Experimental Group - the group that was moved to the pool with only killifish, and no guppies
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Scientific Processes5. Conclusion