10 Years of Open Content
David Wiley, PhDBrigham Young University
Instructional Psychology & Technology
http://www.softpanorama.org/People/Stallman/Images/saintignucius.jpg
http://www.flickr.com/photos/49968232@N00/2549830623http://www.flickr.com/photos/95229107@N00/1817276189 http://www.flickr.com/photos/95229107@N00/2125865619
http://www.freesoftwaremagazine.com/files/www.freesoftwaremagazine.com/nodes/2565/raymond007-5-2.jpg
“Goodbye, Free Software; Hello, Open Source”
http://www.digijet.net/img/opensource.gif
http://www.marshall.edu/finance/avpadmin/BlockM.jpg
Digital content is magic
http://www-acerc.byu.edu/Figures/BYUMedallionSM1.jpg
http://adsoftheworld.com/media/print/ana_bookstore?size=_original
Let’s do this for content
A GPL for content?
OpenContent Principles / License (OPL)
Principles in a license?
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http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/ImageNupedia.png
Little uptake in education
Education = Publishers
http://flickr.com/photos/x180/888971170/
Open Publication License
Much better uptake!
http://gimp-savvy.com/BOOK/grokking-the-gimp.gif
Requires attribution
Allows what you’d expect
But there were problems
Calling OPL the “open content license”
Option ATo prohibit distribution of substantively modified
versions without the explicit permission of the author(s)
Option BTo prohibit any publication of this work or derivative
works in whole or in part in standard (paper) book form for commercial purposes unless prior permission is
obtained from the copyright holder.
Who named these?!?
And how do I tell which?
How do we fix this?
http://flickr.com/photos/35034363287@N01/2236177028/
2002, CC licenses
Attribution election
Noncommercial election
NoDerivs election
Not one license w/ options
Multiple, named licenses
(Still a button problem)
Attribution mandatory
(Back to OPL structure)
And fixed the buttons!
Enough with the licenses!
Skipping ahead... (GFDL)
Where are we today?
What level of adoption?
Over 75,000,000 photos (CC)
Over 7,000,000 articles (GFDL)
8,000 Songs, 580 Albums, 250 Artists (CC)
125,871 Moving Images, 51,454 Live audio,276,179 Audio recordings, 466,065 Texts (var)
And in education?
4,000 university courses (CC)
500 university textbooks (var)
16,000 K-12 curriculum units (CC)
Over 1600 individuals and 160 organizations
Where are we going?
4 books in 24 university beta this fall (CC)
Public, online, completely open curriculum
Some problems ahead
License incompatibility
http://creativecommons.org.tw/static/choose/license/licwizeng
http://creativecommons.org.tw/static/choose/license/licwizeng
Leaves a 9 x 9 grid
28% compatibility
0% compatibility w/ GFDL
How can we remix?
Noncommercial, adj. ?
How popular is NC?
Over 76% of CC Flickr uses NC (75M)
7b. Perpetual+ 8c. Severability
Overnight relicensing!
http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode
The next 10 years look GREAT