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JCM 106 Computer Application for Journalism
Lecture 1 – Introduction to Computing
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Outline History of Computer Bill Gates vs Steve Jobs What is a Computer? Data Representation Software Hardware Different type of microcomputer Communication
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History of Computer
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History of Computer
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History of Computer
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Microsoft – Bill Gates
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Apple – Steve Jobs
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What is a computer? Computer is a electronic devices that process
data, converting it information that is useful to people.
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Data Representation All computers are based on the binary number system A bit or binary digit has one of two values, zero or one A byte is the smallest addressable unit of memory (8 bits) ASCII provides for 256 (or 28) characters
01000001 – A 01000010 – B etc.
Unicode 16-32 bits (Chinese, Japanese, Spanish, French,…..) EDBDIC used in mainframe or supercomputer
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Software The instructions tell a computer what to do Software = program Two type of software:
System software Operating system Utilities Device driver
Application software General purpose Specialized application
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System Software Operating System
Managing resources - memory, processing, storage, and devices such as printers and monitors.
Provide user interface – How the user interacts with the computer. Almost all newer operating systems use a graphical user interface (GUI).
Running applications - load and run applications such as word processors and spreadsheets. Most operating systems support multitasking, or the ability to switch between different applications stored in memory.
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Utilities
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Device Driver
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Application software Application software consists of
programs designed to make users more productive and/or assist with personal tasks.
General Application Software Browser
Internal Explorer Firefox Safari
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Application software Specialized Software
MS Office– Word, Excel, Access, and PowerPoint Word processing software allows users to create and
manipulate documents Spreadsheet software allows users to organize data in rows
and columns and perform calculations. Charting depicts data in a spreadsheet in graphical form
Presentation software allows users to create visual aids for presentations to communicate ideas, messages, and other information to a group
Audio & Video Software – Final Cut Pro ( Mac) Graphics program – Photoshop, Corel Draw Web authoring tools and programs – DreamWeaver
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Software licensees A contract distributed with a program that gives you
the right to install and use the program on only one computer.
Type of licensees Single user license, Volume license Site license Shareware Freeware Electronic software distribution
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Microcomputers
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Microcomputers
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Any Computer System
Memory
Central processing unit(CPU)
Input
Auxiliary Storage
Communication DeviceAuxiliary
Storage
Output
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Hardware
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Input
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Input
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Input
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Sound inputs Computer equipped with sound cards can
accept sound input with microphone Popular sound formats
Windows WAV, AU sounds, MPEG – MP3/4. Voice/ Speech recognition
Accept the spoken word by using microphone and then converting into binary code for processing in the computer
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Output
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Output
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Output
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Document files Word processor file – memo, letters
E.g. MS WORD, Pages (Mac) Spreadsheet file – sales analysis, budget
E.g. MS Excel, Numbers (Mac) Presentation file – slides, speaker notes
E.g. MS PowerPoint, Keynote (Mac) Database file
E.g. MS Access
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