doris kemp bct 480 welding joins two pieces of metal by the use of heat and/or pressure brazing or...

Doris KempBCT 480

Welding joins two pieces of metal by the use of heat and/or pressure

Brazing or soldering involves a filler metal which has a lower melting point than the metal pieces to be joined

Metal cutting is done by heating the metal with a flame and directing a stream of pure oxygen along the line to be cut

Arc Welding

Shielded Metal Arc Welding (SMAW)

Metal Inert Gas (MIG)

Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG)

Plaza Arc Welding (PAW)

Submerged Arc Welding (SAW)

And Many More…..more than 80 in all

Generally, gases and fumes come from…

Base material & filler material Coatings & paints Shielding gases & chemical reactions Process & consumables used Contaminants in the air

Welding “Smoke” is a mixture of very fine particles called fumes and gases

Welding “Smoke” contains fumes and gases including…

Chromium, nickel, arsenic, asbestos, manganese, silica, beryllium, cadmium, nitrogen oxides, phosgene, acrolein, fluorine compounds, carbon monoxide, cobalt, copper, lead, ozone, selenium, and zinc

cancer causing agents include: cadmium, nickel, beryllium, chromium, and arsenic

Exposure to welding “smoke” may have…

Short-term effects

Effects happen at or very soon after exposureL

ong-term effects Effects may happen after repeated overexposures or

an extended time after the exposure

Welding “smoke” can :

irritate the eyes, nose, chest and respiratory tract cause coughing, wheezing, shortness of breath,

bronchitis, pulmonary edema, and pneumonitis cause nausea, loss of appetite, vomiting, cramps,

and slow digestion

Studies of have shown that welders have an increased risk of lung cancer and, possibly, cancer of the larynx and urinary tract

Welders may experience a variety of chronic respiratory problems, including:

Bronchitis, asthma, pneumonia, emphysema, pneumoconiosis, decreased lung capacity, silicosis, and siderosis

Other health problems include:

Heart disease skin diseases hearing loss chronic gastritis ulcers of the stomach and small intestine other reproductive risks

Heat exposure

Heat stress, heat stroke Skin burns and skin cancer

Noise

Can result in stress, increased blood pressure, may contribute to heart disease, tiredness, nervousness, and irritability

Eye damage- More than 5% of all eye injuries in the construction industry are associated with welding, cutting, and brazing

damage to retina damage to cornea, resulting in cataracts permanent eye damage

Invisible UV light can cause “arc eye” or “welders’ flash”

May include sandy or gritty eye, blurred vision, intense pain, tearing, burning and headache

Welding booths should be painted with dull finishes so they don’t reflect UV light

Acoustic shields between the worker and noise sources can reduce exposures

Noisy machinery can be totally enclosed

Use cadmium-free silver solders

Use asbestos- free electrodes, gloves, and hot pads

Use work area barriers to protect others working in the same general area

Construction personnel that is welding should be properly trained and qualified

Inspect work area for fire hazards before welding

Make provisions for ventilation before welding

Compressed gas cylinders should always be secured in an upright position when not in use and handled with extreme care

Gas cylinders should be stored at least 20 feet away from flammable materials and heat sources

Oxygen cylinders should be stored at least 20 feet away from gas cylinders and combustible materials.

When not possible, use a 5 ft tall noncombustible barrier with a 30 min. fire-resistance rating or better

All combustible materials should be removed from welding area or covered with noncombustible material, prior to welding

If covered, a worker that has experience using a fire extinguisher should be posted near as fire watch

Workers should stand to the rear or side of regulators when opening valves on tanks

Proper PPE should be worn, even by workers not welding

Don’t weld on painted surfaces

Use water table to reduce noise

Properly maintain equipment

Proper housekeeping

Use lowest possible amperage

Hold electrode perpendicular and close to work surface

Never weld or cut within 200 feet of degreasing equipment or solvents

PPE must be used in conjunction with engineering controls and safe work practices

Use of one does not eliminate the need for the otherE

ye protection should be used in all welding operations

Wear face shields or helmets and goggles or safety glasses

Use appropriate filters on eye protection

Fire resistant gauntlet gloves

Head cap

High top hard toed shoes

Leather apron

Face shield

Flame retardant clothing

Safety Glasses

Safety helmet

Hearing plugs and/or muffs

Even though welding generally uses low voltage,

there is still a danger of electric shockW

et work areas, cramped work spacesF

alls, fractures and other accidents can result from electrical exposure

Even small shock can cause brain damage

Death can occur from large shocks

Always use dry gloves

Always wear rubber soled shoes

Always use insulating layers

Protect yourself from surfaces that conduct electricity

When working on electrically powered machinery, make sure the frame is grounded

Keep insulation on all welding equipment and components dry and in good condition

Don’t change electrodes with bare hands, wet gloves or while standing on wet or ungrounded surfaces

Never weld or cut on containers that have held a flammable or combustible material unless the container is thoroughly cleaned or filled with an inert gas

A fire inspection should be performed prior to leaving a work area and for at least 30 minutes after the operation is completed

Fire extinguishers should be nearby, of proper size, type and number for the hazards involved

All machines in the area with moving parts must be guarded to prevent worker’s contact

e.g. hair, clothing, fingersW

hen repairing machinery by brazing and welding, power must be disconnected, locked out, and tagged so the machinery cannot be started up accidentally

Keep work areas clear of equipment, machines, cables, and hoses

Always properly maintain and use handrails

Always use and maintain safety lines, harnesses and lanyards

Always make sure that scaffolds are properly

assembled and used

A work area with limited access, little or no airflow,

not intended for continuous occupation May also have dangerous atmospheres, hazardous

configurations, or other hazardsA

ll employees working in or around confined space must be trained

Adequate ventilation must hold fumes and smoke to levels within the safe breathing range set forth in 29 CFR 1926 subpart D

No worker should work in an area with less than

19.5% or more than 23.5% oxygen content

Use continuous mechanical ventilation and proper respiratory protection

When adequate ventilation cannot be achieved,

workers must be provided with air supplying respirators as described in 29 CFR 1926 Subpart E

Always leave gas cylinders and welding power sources outside the confined space…

Only take hoses or welding leads into confined space and remove when leaving for breaks, shift or crew changes

All pipes, ducts, and power lines that are not necessary for the work should be disconnected/locked out/tagged out

When transporting and handling, valve cap should be securely in place

Cylinders should never be lifted by valve cap

Cylinder valve should be closed when cylinder is empty, being moved or not in use

Cylinders should be secured to a pallet, cradle, or sling board for hoisting

Cylinders should not be dropped, bumped, struck or receive any other huge impact

Cylinders should be thawed with warm water when frozen in place

Fuel, gas and oxygen hoses must be easily and clearly distinguishable.

Oxygen and gas hoses must not be interchangeableW

hen oxygen and fuel hoses are taped, no more than 4 inches per foot of hose may be taped

Gas and oxygen hoses must be inspected before every shift and removed if defects are found.

Torches should be inspected before each shift to detect leaks

Tip openings should be kept clean and uncloggedT

orches should be lighted by friction lighters

Only use manual electrode holders designed specifically for arc welding

All current-carrying parts should be properly insulated for maximum voltage encountered

Cables must be properly insulated, flexible and able to handle maximum current required

All equipment and cables should be inspected before each shift and should be removed if any defects are found

Operations should be shielded appropriately as to protect other workers in the area

Compressed Gas Cylinder Safety

Subject to damagefrom other activities inthe vicinity

Cylinder laying in a horizontalposition.

Electrical cord inContact with thecylinder


Cylinders are not protected from falling. Notethat the Chain is not secured across.

Chain


1. Cylinder not secured 2. Cylinder should be stored3. Subject to damage. 4. Electrical cord draped over.

ElectricalCord


1. Small cylinder not tied off

2. Combustibles stored with cylinders

3. Bad housekeeping

4. Acetylene and Oxygen storedtoo close together and no chain.


1. Cylinder with no valve or cap installed 2. Laying horizontal on the ground

3. Subject to damage


Cylinder is damaged. Should be taken out of service immediately!

Electrical arcdamage


Cylinder should be in storage protected from damage and not laying on the ground regardless if it is full or empty


Old, corroded cylinder that should have been disposedof a long time ago.


1. Cylinders laying on the ground and improperly stored2. Subject to damage from forklift operation in vicinity

Forklift


1. Feed line exposed to damage/leak that could cause a fire/explosion2. Tripping Hazard


1. Inadequate housekeeping

2. Valve caps should be installed.


AcetyleneCylinder

1. Unsecured acetylene cylinder 2. Exposed to damage


Unsecured cylinders


Regulator left pressurized after useRegulator left pressurized after use


Improper StorageImproper Storage


Tie Off?Tie Off?


Improper storage of Improper storage of cylinders- acetylene and cylinders- acetylene and oxygen stored next to each oxygen stored next to each otherother


Evidence of smoking next to acetylene Evidence of smoking next to acetylene cylinderscylinders


This cylinder should be taken to storage and housekeeping should be improved.


Unsecuredcylinder


Unsecured Cylinder


Cooking equipmentwithin 20 ftof containers


TiedNot Tied


oxy-acetylene torch connectedTo bottles without the torch connected.


No cap installedNot in use.Should beStored.

Housekeeping


Cylinder not in usewith regulators stillOn the cylinder

Free standing cylinder


Free standingcylinder


Free standing cylinders

Chain


Cylindertied onlyWith a bungee cord


Cylinders notSecured properly


Free standingcylinders

Exposed to damageFrom constructionActivities in area


Free standingcylinders


Cylinder laying on its sideCylinder laying on its side

Coll, R. (2002, October 17). Compressed Gas Cylinder Training Slides.

Retrieved September 10, 2009 from , Web site: http://siri.uvm.edu/ppt/cgcsafety/sld001.htm

Goetsch, D. (2010). Construction safety and the OSHA standards. Boston: Pearson.

Saverio (2003). Welding Safety. Retrieved September 10, 2009 from , Web site: http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/Saverio-42953-

Welding-Safety-2003-Health-Hazards-HazardsGases-Fumes-Short- term-Entertainment-ppt-powerpoint/

http://www.authorstream.com/Presentation/Saverio-42953-

doris kemp bct 480 welding joins two pieces of metal by the use of heat and/or pressure brazing or...

Documents

exposure slide

arsenic slide

enclosed slide

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air slide

irritability slide

headache slide

welding joins