Do Now!

What is matter?What are the four states of

matter?Compare the states of matter.

Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space(volume)

Solid, liquid, gas(vapor)

Plasma - Ionized gas where the electrons are free from the atoms or molecules, but coexist

SOLID GAS

LIQUID

DO NOW:

Compare physical and chemical changes. What are examples of each?

What are examples of physical properties?

Physical Change Alters a given material without

changing its composition What are some examples???

Physical Properties• Observed without changing the substance’s composition • Examples: Color, odor, density, melting point, boiling point, magnetic

Chemical Changes

A new substance is formed

What is evidence that a chemical change has occurred?

Law of conservation of mass Mass is neither created nor destroyed;

it is conserved. When ammonium nitrate (NH4NO3)

breaks down explosively, if forms nitrogen gas (N2), oxygen gas (O2), and water (H2O). When 40 g of ammonium nitrate explode, 14 grams of nitrogen and 8 grams of oxygen are formed. How many grams of water are formed?

Physical or Chemical Change?1. Iron rusts2. Sodium hydroxide dissolves in water3. A pellet of sodium is sliced in two4. Water is change to steam5. Grass grows6. A tire is inflated7. Food is digested8. Ice Melts9. Milk Sours

CPPPCPCPC

Matter

ElementCompoundHeterogeneousHomogeneous

Mixtures- contains more

than one material

Pure substances –

contains only one type of matter

Classify the following as element, compound, homogeneous mixture, heterogeneous mixture

Chlorine, soil, water, sugar water, oxygen,

carbon dioxide, rocky road ice cream, alcohol, pure air, iron, milk

Classify the following samples of matter Table Salt (NaCl) Salt water Sand and paper clips Sand and water Water

How can you separate the components of the sample?

Chromatography Used to separate and identify

mixtures that are colored or can be colored

One type is Paper Chromatography Stationary phase and Mobile phase Capillary Action? Ex: Paper and Solvent

Capillary Action

What is temperature?

What scales do we use to measure it?

The temperature of an object determines the direction of

energy transfer.

Warmer object

Cooler object

TemperatureMeasure of the average kinetic

energy of the particles Use a thermometer – scale

arbitraryFahrenheitCelsiusKelvin

History Daniel Fahrenheit arbitrarily decided that the

freezing and boiling points of water would be separated by 180 degrees and he pegged freezing water at 32 degrees. So he made a thermometer, stuck it in freezing water, and marked the level of the mercury on the glass as 32 degrees. Then he stuck the same thermometer in boiling water and marked it 212 degrees. He then put 180 evenly spaced marks between those two points.

Anders Celsius arbitrarily decided that the freezing and boiling points of water would be separated by 100 degrees and he pegged the freezing point of water at 0 degrees, and the boiling point at 100 degrees.

Can the temperature drop below 0ºC?

If temperature is zero or negative, how does that correspond to kinetic energy?

Use Kelvin scale: ºC + 273 = K Lowest theoretical temperature 0 K = -273 ºC

Convert…

A) 55ºC to K B) 123 K to ºC C) -34ºC to K