Unit 6, Chapter 16

Integrated Science

Unit Six: Properties of Matter

16.1 Classifying Matter

16.2 Measuring Matter

16.3 States of Matter

Chapter 16 What is Matter?

Chapter 16 Learning Goals Classify samples of matter from everyday life as heterogeneous

mixtures, homogeneous mixtures, compounds, or elements.

Measure volume using the displacement technique.

Measure mass with scales and balances.

Use an indirect technique to infer mass from density measurements.

Identify the states of matter.

Classify the states of matter in order of energy.

Recognize changes in state as a physical change in matter.

Explain the states of matter in terms of molecular motion.

Identify and investigate the law of conservation of mass.

Chapter 16 Vocabulary Terms atom

compounds

elements

heterogeneous mixture

homogeneous mixture

law of conservation of mass

matter

mixtures

molecule

substances

16.1 Classifying Matter

Mixtures contain more than one kind of matter.

— A homogeneous mixture is the same throughout.

16.1 Classifying Matter

— Two samples of a heterogeneous mixture could be different.

16.1 Classifying Matter

Mixtures can be separated be physical means such as:

— sorting

— filtering

— heating

— cooling

MIXTURES

MATTER

SUBSTANCES

Heterogeneous

mixtures

Homogeneous

mixtures

Elements Compounds

16.1 Classifying Matter

Key Question:

How can a homogenous mixture be separated?

*Read text section 16.1 BEFORE Investigation 16.1

16.1 Investigation Results

Ink color

Dye colors present

Distance traveled by

dye (Dc)

Distance traveled by water (Dw)

Retention Factor

(Dc/Dw)

black

blue 5.9 cm

7.0 cm

0.84

pink/purple 5.0 cm 0.71

yellow 3.4 cm 0.49

blueblue 5.8 cm

6.5 cm0.89

pink/purple 5.0 cm 0.77

greenblue 6.0 cm

 6.5 cm0.92

yellow 3.7 cm 0.57

16.2 Measuring Matter

Measuring volume— Read volume

marks at eye level for accuracy.

16.2 Measuring Matter

Measuring volume— You can calculate volume of solids using formulas.

16.2 Measuring Matter

Key Question:

How is matter measured?

*Read text section 16.2 BEFORE Investigation 16.2

16.3 States of MatterScientists call the smallest

possible particle of a compound that retains the properties of the compound a molecule.

The smallest possible particle of an element is called an atom.

16.3 States of Matter

Changes of state at 1 atm. of pressure (normal pressure at sea level)

16.3 States of Matter

All substances can exist as a solid, liquid, or gas.

Solids:— A solid retains its size and shape.

16.3 States of Matter

Liquids:— A liquid has a definite volume, but no definite shape.

— Liquids flow to take the shape of the container.

16.3 States of Matter

Gases:— A gas has no definite shape or size.— Gases expand to fill their containers.

16.3 Four States of Matter

Plasma is found in the core of our sun and stars.

16.3 States of Matter

Key Question:

How fast can you melt an ice cube?

*Read text section 16.3 BEFORE Investigation 16.3

16.3 Investigation Results

Average Kinetic Energy Over Time

0.0

5.0

10.0

15.0

20.0

25.0

0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0

Time (min)

Te

mp

(d

eg

ree

s C

)