displacement monitoring by terrestrial sar interferometry...

Displacement monitoring by Terrestrial SAR Interferometry:

real cases and data dissemination Mazzanti P.

Displacement monitoring by

Terrestrial SAR Interferometry:

real cases and data dissemination

Bozzano F., Cipriani I., Mazzanti P., Prestininzi A., Rocca A.

(1) NHAZCA S.r.l., spin-off Sapienza Università di Roma, Italy

(2) CERI, Research Centre for Georisks, Sapienza Università di Roma, Italy

(3) Department of Earth Sciences, Sapienza Università di Roma, Italy

GRSG & OGEO Workshop

ESRIN, Frascati, Italy

7-9 December 2011



ABOUT NHAZCA

Spin–off company of the “Sapienza” Università di Roma

Supported by CERI (Research Centre for the Forecast, Prevention and Control of Geological Risks)

of the “Sapienza” Università di Roma.

Supported by IMG S.r.l. (Environmental and Engineering service company)

MISSION

Provide monitoring and analytical services for natural events and large infrastructures which may

generate risk to human activities.

To reach this goal, NHAZCA uses and develops innovative tools and methods like software for data

processing, numerical models for event simulation and hi-tech equipments.



STAFF

ENTREPRENEURIAL TEAM

Francesca Bozzano - President & Full Professor “Sapienza” Università di Roma

Gabriele Scarascia Mugnozza - Full Professor “Sapienza” Università di Roma

Paolo Mazzanti - CEO & Post-Doc Researcher “Sapienza” Università di Roma

IMG S.r.l. - Share holder

CERI Research Centre, “Sapienza” Università di Roma - Share holder

INTERNATIONAL CONSULTANTS

Prof. Stephen G. Evans, University of Waterloo (North America)

Prof. Fabio De Blasio, University of Oslo (North Europe)

EMPLOYERS

40 high technical qualified people



MODE TInSAR ESA INCUBATION PROJECT

NHAZCA is incubated by ESA (European Space Agency) since 2010 in the frame of the MODE TInSAR

project, dedicated to the technological and commercial development of the Terrestrial SAR Interferometry.



Terrestrial SAR Interferometry (TInSAR)

“Terrestrial SAR Interferometry is a displacement

monitoring technique developed in the late ’90 and now

considered one of the most effective solutions for

displacement monitoring in geology and structural fields.”



Rx

Sensor

2 m

Investigated area

Linear Scanner

Antennas

RADAR

SF-CW

Bande

~17 GHz

Terrestrial SAR Interferometry

Tx



Rx

Sensor

Investigated area

Antennas

RADAR

SF-CW

Bande

~17 GHz

Tx

2 m Linear Scanner




Increasing Displacement

TX

RX

TX

RX

d

TX

RX

TX

RX

d

First Acquisition

Second Acquisition

1

2

124

d




Terrestrial SAR Interferometry: displacement map



Rx

Sensor

Tx

Line of sight displacement

Cross-range

Ra

ng

e



Satellite vs Terrestrial InSAR

TInSAR

SInSAR

20° 20° UP

45° DOWN

88° DOWN

35° UP



Line of sight displacement

-

+

124

d

Phase ambiguity



Satellite vs Terrestrial InSAR

TInSAR

SInSAR

20°

Temporal frequency Some days

Few minutes



Widespread monitoring of localized areas



Widespread monitoring of localized areas and

high frequency time series



Roma 12/12/2011 Lavori imbocco San Giovanni Nord CERI

Large displacements



Roma 12/12/2011 Lavori imbocco San Giovanni Nord CERI

Small displacements



……complex displacement images



3D Displacement images



1. Widespread monitoring (images instead of single points)

2. High temporal resolution (few minutes)

3. Up to 1/10 mm displacement accuracy

4. Effective under any weather and lighting conditions

5. Fully remote monitoring (targets or sensors in the monitoring area

are not required)

6. Long range operability (up to several km)

7. Fully automatic acquisition

8. “Suitable for real time - early warning monitoring”

TInSAR: main advantages



1. Surface monitoring

2. Limited cone of view

3. Displacement monitoring along the Line of Sight

4. Phase ambiguity in case of discontinuous monitoring

TInSAR: main limitations



Successful applications: example 1

Monitoring landslides interacting with large infrastructures



Monitoring platform

0m 500m 1000m

Monitoring platform

Investigated slope




4 years continuous real-time monitoring for

supporting construction of a main road!


Results



Monitoring earth-flaws affecting a villages for civil protection




Monitoring platforms: example 2

Results

1 year real-time monitoring for early

warning and civil protection

purposes!



Picture Terrestrial SAR image

Monitoring of pipeline deformation




Monitoring of pipeline deformation


Time




Rock fall susceptibility assessment in coastal cliffs




Results

UNSTABLE

STABLE

Prioritazing of most susceptible portions of

the cliff for risk reduction purposes!




Rapid mapping



-10

-8

-6

-4

-2

0

2

4

2/11/11

12.00

3/11/11

0.00

3/11/11

12.00

4/11/11

0.00

4/11/11

12.00

5/11/11

0.00

5/11/11

12.00

6/11/11

0.00

6/11/11

12.00

7/11/11

0.00

7/11/11

12.00

8/11/11

0.00

Tempo

Sp

os

tam

en

to (

mm

)

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

Plu

vio

me

tria

as

so

luta

(m

m)

T5 Pluviometria Assoluta (mm)

T5

Identification of an

unstable block

prone to failure!


Results

Dis

pla

ce

me

nt

Time




Rapid mapping




Results




Monitoring of a building in Rome affected by underground

excavation

Identification of 2 mm displacement in one

month on a localized part of the building!

RADAR IBIS-L




Static testing of a concrete dam




Monitoring of a landslide affecting a natural dam



DAM

Monitoring platform





Results

Remote monitoring of a large inaccessible

slope facing a man-made dam!



TINSAR data dissemination: GENESI-DEC

TINSAR data and products have been registered in GENESI-DEC

GENESI-DEC (http://www.genesi-dec.eu) is an FP7 EC funded projects developing a

federation of data repositories enabling the users to easily discover and access millions

of products (satellite, in-situ, airborne, model…)

The discovery and access capabilities linked with processing services integrated in

GENESI-DEC, allows the user to fully exploit the complementary information contained

in heterogeneous data

http://www.genesi-dec.eu/http://www.genesi-dec.eu/http://www.genesi-dec.eu/http://www.genesi-dec.eu/http://www.genesi-dec.eu/http://www.genesi-dec.eu/http://www.genesi-dec.eu/http://www.genesi-dec.eu/http://www.genesi-dec.eu/



Conclusions

Satellite InSAR Terrestrial InSAR

Useful for simultaneous investigation of large

areas (ten/ hundreds km2)

Useful for simultaneous investigation of small

areas (few km2)

Useful for historic analysis Useful for rapid analysis

Useful for the investigation of regional

geological process (volcanism, tectonics)

Useful for the investigation of surface and

localized geological processes

Useful mainly for vertical displacements Useful mainly for horizontal displacements

Non effective for slopes with N-S oriented

displacement

Any limitation for the orientation of the

investigated area

Useless for continuous monitoring

Useful for continuous monitoring

Useful for the detailed analysis of single

structures or buildings



GEOLOGICAL AND NATURAL TERRAIN MONITORING

• Monitoring of slopes and cliffs for assessing and controlling the

stability conditions (also in connection with working activites)

• Monitoring of localized subsidences (sinkholes; Oil &Gas extraction)

• Monitoring of glaciers movement

• Monitoring of volcanoes deformations

• Monitoring of quarries and mines.

STRUCTURAL MONITORING

• Monitoring of buildings and heritages in urban areas

• Monitoring of insfrastructures (bridges, highways, dams and fluid

storages, nuclear plants etc)

Conclusions



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displacement monitoring by terrestrial sar interferometry...

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