disease control in the home vegetable garden
TRANSCRIPT
8/9/2019 Disease Control in the Home Vegetable Garden
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Powdery Mildew
Canker
Wilt
Stem Blight
Root Rot
Root Knot
Crown Galls
Fruit
Rot
Leaf Spots
Leaf
Blight
PB1215
Agricultural Extension Service
The University of Tennessee
Disease
Controlthe
Home
Vegetable
Garden
in
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Table of Contents
PageCultural Methods of Vegetable Disease Control _________________________________3Garden Site Selection _____________________________________________________ 3Soil Tillage _____________________________________________________________ 3Crop Rotation ___________________________________________________________3Sanitation ______________________________________________________________ 3Disease-free Seed and Transplants ___________________________________________4Seed Treatments _________________________________________________________4Planting Dates __________________________________________________________4Mulches _______________________________________________________________ 4Staking or Trellising _____________________________________________________ 4Watering_______________________________________________________________ 5Use of Resistant Varieties _________________________________________________ 5
Proper Plant Spacing _____________________________________________________5Avoid Use of Tobacco Products ______________________________________________ 5Proper Fertilization ______________________________________________________ 5Insects as Related to Vegetable Disease Control_________________________________ 5Nematode Control ________________________________________________________ 5Pesticides and Vegetable Disease Control______________________________________ 6Fungicides _____________________________________________________________ 6Pesticide Mixing and Spraying ______________________________________________ 6Outline For Control of Vegetable Diseases _____________________________________ 7Common Names And Trade Names of Chemicals for Controlling Disease of Vegetables ____ 17Pesticide Safety ________________________________________________________ 18
Foreword
Control of vegetable pests (diseases, insects, weeds) involves a total production program that in-cludes both chemical and non-chemical means of pest control. The establishment of a healthy, vigor-ous crop is central to a successful pest control program. Production practices such as maintainingproper soil pH and fertility are helpful in reducing potential losses from all types of pests.
This publication deals mainly with chemical and biological pest control, because these recommen-dations change more often than do cultural practices. Cultural practices of pest control are extremelyimportant and are addressed throughout the publication.
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Disease Controlin the Home
Vegetable Garden
Cultural Methods
of Vegetable Disease Control
Most vegetables are susceptible to one ormore diseases. You can, therefore, anticipatedisease problems sooner or later in your veg-etable garden. By following good cultural prac-tices and taking preventive measures, yourchances of garden failure due to disease prob-lems can be reduced.
Garden site selection is important to pro-duce high yields of healthy vegetables. Trying togrow vegetables on a poor site is one of themain causes of garden failure. Although fewpeople will have ideal garden sites, they should
select the best site available.Garden sites should not be within the
dripline of large trees. Avoid planting near blackwalnut trees, since they produce a root sub-stance that is toxic to certain vegetables, espe-cially tomatoes. The garden site should beslightly sloped to provide good water and airdrainage through the soil.
Excess soil moisture can damage vegetableroots, as well as promote root diseases caused bycertain fungi. Air movement through the gardenis also important to help dry the foliage, thus
reducing the chances of fungal and bacterialinfections. Garden sites with good air drainageare less likely to be damaged by late frosts.Most garden vegetables require full sunlight formaximum production. Sunlight also hastensdrying of foliage.
Soil tillage should be done early enough,prior to planting, to allow decomposition of raw
organic matter such as manure or green plantmaterial. This usually requires about six weeksunder warm temperatures and longer at lowtemperatures. Organic material that has not
decomposed can be a source of disease organismsand can also promote development of certaindiseases such as root and stem rots. Applyingnitrogen fertilizer before plowing or tilling greenplant material into the soil will hasten its de-composition.
Crop rotation will help prevent the build upof disease-causing organisms in the soil. Somedisease-causing organisms affect one vegetableor group of vegetables, but may not affect an-other. Several vegetables of the same family,such as squash, cucumbers and cantaloupes, may
be affected by the same disease. Therefore, it isnot a good practice to grow plants of the samefamily in rotation. Table 1 gives crop groupingsfor rotation to control soil-borne diseases. Atleast a three-year rotation is suggested forvegetable crops.
Sanitation is very important in controllingvegetable diseases. Many disease-causing organ-isms survive the winter in plant debris, cullfruit or plant stubble left in the garden. Anypractice that will eliminate these overwinteringsites for fungi, bacteria, viruses and nematodeswill reduce the occurrence of disease problemsthe following year.
Removal or plowing-under of crop stubbleand trash helps destroy overwintering popula-tions of disease organisms. Some disease-causingorganisms are able to survive the off season oncontaminated equipment or containers. Equip-ment that has been used in disease-infested
Elizabeth A. Long, Associate Extension Specialist
Entomology and Plant Pathology
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Table I. Crop Grouping for Rotation to Control Soil-borne Diseases
Group A Group B Group C Group D Group E Group F
Cantaloupe Brussels Eggplant Beet Sweet corn All beansCucumbers sprouts Irish potato Carrot CowpeasHoneydew Cabbage Okra Garlic Peas
melon Cauliflower Pepper OnionPumpkin Collard Tomato ShallotSquash Lettuce Sweet potatoWatermelon Mustard
RadishRutabagaSpinachSwiss chardTurnip
vegetable gardens or containers used in handling
diseased vegetables should be disinfested beforebeing used again.Disease-free seed and transplants are a
must in vegetable production. Seed should not besaved from diseased plants. Always buy seedfrom a reputable dealer, since you normallycannot tell from their external appearance if seed are contaminated with disease-causingorganisms.
Certain geographical areas, such as the aridwestern states, can produce disease-free seedbecause of climatic conditions. Seed from these
areas should be stipulated in your seed orders.Gardeners starting their crop from transplantsshould, likewise, insist on disease-free plants.
Seed treatments vary, depending on thecrop as well as the disease to be controlled.Some disease-causing organisms are carried onthe surface of seed and can be controlled by asimple fungicide treatment. Fungicides are noteffective against those organisms carried be-neath the seed coat.
Fungicides applied to seed also give young
seedlings some protection from soil-borne diseaseorganisms as they germinate and emerge. Suchtreatments, however, do not control organismsthat attack the plant after the seedling stage.
A seed treatment is usually applied by thecompany from which the seed is purchased.Home-grown seed can be treated at home withrelative ease. Thiram or Captan fungicides canbe used as seed treatments on most vegetable
crops. Use these protectant fungicides according
to instructions on the label. For small quantitiesof seed, such as packets, apply sufficient fungi-cide to coat the seed surface. Simply place asmall quantity (comparable to the size of amatch head) in the packet, reclose and shake tocoat the seed with the fungicide.
Planting dates can be an effective tool inreducing diseases of vegetables. Okra, for in-stance, requires warm soil for good germinationand growth. If planted when the soil is still cold,the seeds will rot, or if they do germinate, theywill probably develop damping-off or stem rot.
Some crops, such as corn and beans, should beplanted as early as the weather permits toescape severe virus infections. Aphids thattransmit viruses are usually at lower populationlevels early in the season.
Mulches can be used to conserve moisture,keep fruit clean and prevent diseases. Mulchesreduce fruit rot on crops, such as strawberries,tomatoes, squash, cucumbers and melons bypreventing direct contact with the soil. Mulchingwill reduce splashing of soil onto lower fruit and
foliage by rain.Staking or trellising tomatoes, pole or half runner beans and cucumbers will prevent soilcontact with the foliage and fruit. Air circula-tion will be better if these plants are trellised,thus promoting better drying of foliage andreducing diseases. Pesticides can be more effec-tively applied to trellised plants.
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Watering can influence the development andseverity of many foliage diseases. Wet foliage isfavorable for the development of most diseases.To reduce infections, apply irrigation water tothe soil rather than the foliage. If water must beapplied to the foliage, then it should be done inlate morning or mid-afternoon to allow thefoliage to dry before evening.
Maintaining uniform soil moisture can re-duce problems such as blossom end rot of pep-pers and tomatoes. Excessive soil moisture canresult in increased root and stem rot diseases. Itis best to work in the garden when the foliage isdry to reduce disease spread. Bacterial diseasesof tomatoes, beans and other crops are readilyspread on hands and clothing of workers whenthe foliage is wet.
Use of resistant varieties is one of the mosteconomical ways of controlling vegetable dis-
eases. Resistant varieties should be used inareas where diseases are present or where thesoil is known to be infested with disease-causingorganisms. Resistant varieties should be usedeven when rotation is practiced.
Extension publication SP 277-K, “ Disease
Resistance in Recommended Vegetable Varieties
for Home Gardens,” gives additional informationon recommended vegetable varieties and theirresistance to various diseases. Home gardenersshould consult their seed catalogs for informa-tion on varieties of vegetables with disease
resistance.Proper plant spacing is very important in
vegetable crops. Humid or wet conditions occurif plants are crowded and unable to dry quickly.Many disease organisms require moisture toinfect plants. Blossom blight of okra and squashand fruit rot of strawberries are encouraged bydense foliage. Also, pesticides will not penetratethrough this canopy of foliage.
Avoid using tobacco while working intobacco mosaic susceptible crops, such as tomato
and pepper. Tobacco mosaic virus is carried intobacco products and is easily transmitted tosusceptible vegetables on workers’ hands. Work-ers should wash their hands thoroughly in soapand water after handling tobacco and beforethey work with tobacco mosaic susceptibleplants.
Proper fertilization helps prevent vegetablediseases. Have your soil tested and apply fertil-
izer accordingly. Some soils will need applica-tions of minor elements to produce certain veg-etable crops. The soil pH should be adjusted tosuit the particular vegetables you plan to grow.
Insects as Related to
Vegetable Disease Control
Insect control can reduce the spread of dis-eases in the garden. Cucumber beetles cantransmit bacterial wilt, flea beetles are a sourceof Stewart’s wilt of corn and aphids transmitnumerous virus diseases. Insects also causeinjuries that serve as entry sites for diseaseorganisms. Vegetables should be checked regu-larly for insects, with insecticides applied asneeded. In some situations, beneficial insects
will control insect pests. Gardeners should beable to distinguish insect pests from beneficialinsects.
Nematode Control
Nematode control is important in growinggarden vegetables. Nematodes are microscopic,soil-inhabiting, round worms that can become aserious problem in vegetable production. They
injure vegetables by feeding on their root sys-tem, causing decay or galling. The most commonnematode that attacks garden vegetables is theroot knot nematode, so-called because of theknots it causes on roots of certain vegetablecrops. Cultural practices that aid in diseasecontrol will also help prevent or control nema-tode damage to vegetable crops. See ExtensionPublication SP 341-L, “ Nematode Control in the
Home Garden," for more information on nema-todes and their control.
Rotations that include non-susceptible crops,
such as grass, will help reduce nematode popula-tions. Resistant varieties are available in somevegetables. Fallow cultivation and destruction of plant stubble after harvest will also help controlnematodes. These cultural practices are notalways feasible due to limited land available fora garden. In such situations it may be necessaryto fumigate the garden soil to kill the nema-todes. Unfortunately, there are presently no
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Never attempt to use dust formulations of fungi-cides in spray solutions. Dusts will not suspendin the spray solution. Wettable powder formula-tions may appear similar to dusts, but they areformulated to be suspended in spray solutions.
Foliar sprays will aid in controlling leaf spots, rusts, mildews, anthracnose and fruit rots.Foliar sprays are not effective against vascularwilts or root rots. Foliar sprays are protectants,because they form a protective layer of fungicideover the surface of the fruit and foliage. Diseaseagents (bacteria and fungi) that land on thesefungicide-coated surfaces are killed or preventedfrom infecting the plant.
Most fungicides are not effective in inhibit-ing disease organisms once they have infected aplant. It is imperative that foliar fungicides beapplied prior to infection of the plant. A sprayschedule should be followed that maintains a
protective fungicide layer on the foliage andfruit during favorable infection periods. Bycarefully monitoring their vegetables, somegardeners can usually delay the first fungicideapplication until the first sign of disease. Then a7-14 day spray schedule should be followed.During rainy or humid weather, spray applica-tion intervals should be shortened.
Proper pesticide mixing and sprayingplays a very important part in achieving diseasecontrol. Most home gardeners will find a 1-2gallon compressed-air sprayer adequate for
applying foliar sprays. A nozzle with a conepattern will provide the most effective coverageof plant foliage. Keep the pressure up to insuresmall spray particle size and good coverage.
Sprayers should be cleaned and rinsed aftereach use. Hose-end sprayers are not very effec-tive in applying fungicides to vegetables. Neveruse the same sprayer for fungicides and insecti-cides that has been used for herbicides. Residuesof certain types of herbicides are very difficult toremove from sprayers. These residues may cause
crop injury if a herbicide-contaminated sprayeris used in applying fungicides or insecticides.Homeowners should protect themselves
when mixing or applying pesticides.Always read the label for use directions
and precaution statements.As of spring 1992, the Environmental Protec-
tion Agency is requiring that all mancozeb,maneb and metiram product registrations and
available chemicals (nematicides) for use in thehome garden.
A nematode testing service is availablethrough The University of Tennessee Agricul-tural Extension Service. The fee is $5 persample. The test requires a pint of moist soilfrom the suspect area. Mail samples in plasticbags to: Plant and Pest Diagnostic Center, 5201Marchant Dr., Nashville, TN 37211-5112 (UPSor Fedex use 37220 Zip Code). County Extensionpersonnel can assist you with collecting appro-priate samples and in interpreting test results.
Pesticides and
Vegetable Disease Control
Fungicides can be a great help in preventing
diseases when properly applied to the plantfoliage. Since fungicides are preventive, theyshould be applied before the disease occurs, or assoon as the first symptoms of disease appear.Some vegetable diseases require specific fungi-cides for their control. An outline of diseases of specific vegetables, disease description, suggestedcultural and chemical control and commentsfollows this section.
Fungicides are available primarily as wet-table powders, dry flowables and dusts, but afew are sold as emulsifiable concentrates,
flowables and liquids. Wettable powders (WP)and dry flowable (DF) are formulated in such amanner as to be readily suspendable in water.Dusts (D) should not be mixed in water, butapplied directly to the plant. Emulsifiable con-centrate (EC) fungicides contain an emulsifyingagent that makes them readily suspendable inwater. Flowable (F) fungicides are finely groundwettable powders that are suspended in a liquid.
Some soil fungicides are available as gran-ules and are applied in the furrow at planting.Dust and spray fungicides may also be used asin-furrow treatments for seedling disease control.
Table II gives trade names and rates of broadspectrum fungicides for controlling foliar dis-eases of vegetables. Applying foliar fungicides tovegetables is best done by spraying, because itprovides coverage of all plant surfaces. Foliarfungicides are available in dust formulations,but dusts are usually not as effective as sprays.
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Outline for Control of Vegetable Diseases
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,etihwhtiwf aelf oecaf rus
nohtworgynwod
.edisrednu
)TEEWS(NROC
-ohtnimleH(sthgilB
)muirops
gniyrddnasevaelnostopS
.sevaelf ognithgilbro
F45linolahtorolhC
FD57bezocnaM
PW08benaM
pst2-57.0
PSBT5.1
pst3
41
7
7
snoitidnocnehwsnoitacilppanigeB
dnatnempolevedesaesidrovaf
tonoD.slavretniyad7-4tataepernrocteewsotlinolahtorolhcylppa
ezargtonoD.dessecorpebot
stnalpdetaertdeef rosaeradetaert
porcnobenaMesU.k cotsevilot
.ylnonoitcudorpdeesrof
ciasoMf rawDeziaM k raddnathgilgnitanretlA
.sevaelnisk aertsneerg
.detnutserastnalP
sdleif niylbaref erpdnaylraetnalP
htiwdetsef niylivaehton
a,neeuQrevliS.ssargnosnhoJ
otecnarelotriaf sah,yteiravetihw
.esaesidsiht
tsuR .stopsetagnole,eznorB F45linolahtorolhC
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7
7
”.sthgilB"eeS
tliWs'trawetS sevaelnisk aertsnworB
.snievotlellarap
tcesnieeS.elteebaelf nroclortnoC
oslA.noitacilbupsihtf onoitces
.thgilblairetcabdellac
REBMUCUC
topSf aeLairanretlA nostopstegrat,nworB
.sevael
F45linolahtorolhC
FD57bezocnaM
PW08benaM
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pst4-2
0
5
5
edicignuF.deeseerf -esaesidesU
litnudeyaledebnacsnoitacilppa
etauqedanaf iesaesidf ongistsrif
.deniatniamsinedragf oyevrusesoncarhtnA nostopsralugerri,nworB
nostopsnek nus,sevael
.tiurf
topSf aeLralugnA nostopsralugna,nworB
.sevael
reppoCdexiF snoitceridgf m 0 taeperdnaecnaraeppatsrif tayarpS
-esaesidesU.slavretniyad41-7ta
gnuoyeru jninacreppoC(.deeseerf
.)stnalp
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11
esaesiD smotpmyS&lacimehC
noitalumroF noitalumroF noitalumroF noitalumroF noitalumroF 1
etamixorppA
nollaG / etaR nollaG / etaR nollaG / etaR nollaG / etaR nollaG / etaR 2IHP 3 snoitatimiL
D'TNOCREBMUCUC
wedliMynwoD nostopsralugerri,wolleY
.sevael
F45linolahtorolhC
FD57bezocnaM
PW08benaM
pst3-5.1
PSBT3-2
pst4-2
0
5
5
edicignuF.deeseerf -esaesidesU
litnudeyaledebnacsnoitacilppa
etauqedanaf iesaesidf ongistsrif
.deniatniamsinedragf oyevrusthgilBmetSymmuG .stopsf aelralucric,nworB
htiwsmetsnosk carC
.ezooymmug
tliWlairetcaB laudividninostratS
ehtyllautnevednasrennur
.seiddnastliwtnalperitne
lortnocotedicitcesniylppA
ehtdaerpshcihw,selteebrebmucuc
teehstcaf noisnetxEeeS.esaesid
lortnoctcesniehtdnaC-772PS
.noitacilbupsihtf onoitces
wedliMyredwoP nodlomyredwop,etihW
.sevaelf oecaf rus
ruf luS snoitceridgf m 0 dnaesaesidf ongistsrif taylppA
tonoD.slavretniyad41-7tataeper
deecxeserutarepmetf iruf lusylppa
.F09
bacS .tiurf nostopsnek nuS F45linolahtorolhC pst3-2 0 .elbaliavaylediwseiteiravtnatsiseR
dnaesaesidf ongistsrif taylppA
.slavretniyad01-7tataeper
TNALPGGE
,sthgilBf aeL
stoRtiurF
sevaelnopolevedstopS
.stiurf dna
reppocdexiF
PW08benaM
snoitceridgf m
pst4-3
0
0
esaesiderof ebgniyarpsnigeB
.sraeppa
)DRALLOCEES(ELAK
)DRALLOCEES(DRATSUM
ARKO
thgilBdoP otliaf sdopgnuoY
.etaroireteddnapoleved
detaicossasithgilbsihtsemitynaM
sugnuf ehT.noitanilloproophtiw
srewolf ehtsk cattaarohpenaohC
riadooggnidivorP.sdopgnuoydna
noitcef nitneverpplehlliweganiard
.arohpenaohCyb
edotameNtonk -tooR toordellag,nellowS
.metsys
edotamennoevobanoitceseeS
.lortnoc
tliWmuillicitreV .sevaelf ogniwolleY
evahlliwmetsf oedisnI
.noitarolocsidnworb
erahcihwsporchtiwark oetatoR
.tliwmuillicitreVotelbitpecsuston
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13
esaesiD smotpmyS&lacimehC
noitalumroF noitalumroF noitalumroF noitalumroF noitalumroF 1
etamixorppA
nollaG / etaR nollaG / etaR nollaG / etaR nollaG / etaR nollaG / etaR 2IHP 3 snoitatimiL
D'TNOCREPPEP
thgilBarohthpotyhP f ohtaeddnatliwdipaR
f osaeratewnistnalp
.dleif
.debdesiarnotnalP
tonk -tooR toordellag,nellowS
.metsys
edotamennonoitcessuoiverpeeS
.lortnoc
thgilBnrehtuoS etihW.eiddnatliwstnalP
noneesebnetf onacdlom
.metsf oesab
PW57rolcarreT
)tnemtaertlios(
snoitceridgf m sirbedtnalpyrubotpeedliosnruT
.msinagroesaesidrobrahthgimtaht
taretawgnittesnirolcarreTesU
.sporcdoshtiwetatoR.gnitnalp
dlacSnuS topsdehcaelbetihw,yrD
otdesopxedopf oedisno
.nus
,yhtlaehanitpek stnalpnostiurF
otylek iltoneranoitidnocsuorogiv
f olortnoC.dlacsnusybderu jnieb
f ossoltneverplliwtopslairetcab
detcetorptiurf ehtpeek dnasevael
.nusehtmorf
HSIRI,OTATOP
thgilBylraE stopstegrat,nworbllamS
,tohnisevaelnoraeppa
.rehtaewtew
F45linolahtorolhC
FD57bezocnaM
PW08benaM
pst5.1-1
PSBT2-1
pst4-3
0
41
41
erastnalpnehwsnoitacilppatratS
-7taeunitnocdnahgihsehcni6-4
.slavretniyad01
thgilBetaL ralugerridek aos-retaW
,loocnisevaelnostops
raeppastnalP.rehtaewtew
.dedlacs
geLk calB tnalP.k calbsnrutmetS
.seiddnastliw
.deesdeif itrectnalP
rek naCainotcozihR
)f rucSk calB(
,metseldrigsrek nack calB
.htworgroopgnisuac
PW57rolcarreT snoitceridgf m
bacS nostopsybbacs,hguoR
.srebut
silioserehW.deeseerf -esaesidesU
esu,msinagrobacshtiwdetsef ni
.sporcetatordnaseiteiravtnatsiser
.G-772PSeeS
yaceDeceiPdeeS .eceipdeesf ognittoR bezocnaM
benaM
tsudesU
snoitalumrof
otgnidrocca
snoitceridgf m
edicignuf htiwseceipdeestaerT
deestnalP.gnitnalperof ebtsud
.gnitaertretf ayletaidemmiseceip
rof seceipdeesdetaertesutonoD
.sesoprupliorodeef ,doof
toRgniR f onoitarolocsidnworB
.rebutnieussitralucsav
dnadeeseerf -esaesiddeif itrectnalP
.noitatorporcecitcarp
sesaesiDsuriV ro,gnik aerts,gnilruC
stnalP.sevaelniciasom
.detnutsebyam
dnadeeseerf -esaesiddeif itrectnalP
.noitatorporcecitcarp
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14
esaesiD smotpmyS&lacimehC
noitalumroF noitalumroF noitalumroF noitalumroF noitalumroF 1
etamixorppA
nollaG / etaR nollaG / etaR nollaG / etaR nollaG / etaR nollaG / etaR 2IHP 3 snoitatimiL
NIKPMUP
wedliMynwoD nostopsralugerri,wolleY
.sevael
F45linolahtorolhC
PW08benaM
pst3-5.1
pst4-3
0
5
f ongistsrif tagniyarpsnigeB
yarpsrof lebaleeS.esaesid
bacsrof setarrehgihesU.slavretni
.lortnocthgilBmetSymmuG nostopsralucric,k calB
.tiurf
thgilBmuihcodorciM metsnosehsadetihW
.ecaf rus
bacS nostopsdesiarronek nuS
.tiurf
suriVciasoM .tiurf nosnrettapneerG ,lortnocdihpa,sehclumevitcelf eR
.luf plehebyamlortnocdeewdna
.tlucif f idsilortnoC
wedliMyredwoP nodlomyredwop,etihW
.ecaf rusf ael
ruf luS snoitceridgf m 0 f ongistsrif tagniyarpsnigeB
.esaesid
HCANIPS
eulB(wedliMynwoD
)dloM
f aelreppunostopswolleY
ynwodyarG.ecaf rus
f oedisrednunosugnuf
.f ael
reppoccisaB
PW35etaf lus
snoitceridgf m 0 tsrif tasnoitacilppaedicignuf tratS
01-7taeunitnocdnaesaesidf ongis
erehW.yrassecensaslavretniyad
nimelborpaneebsahtsuretihw
nehwtratsdluohsgniyarps,tsapeht
llaF".polevedsevaeleurttsrif eht
yletaredomsi,yteiravllaf a",neerG
larevesdnatsuretihwottnatsiser
.dlomeulbf osecar
tsuRetihW f aelreppunostopswolleY
yredwopetihW.ecaf rus
.f aelf oedisrednunossam
HSAUQS
wedliMynwoD nostopsralugerri,wolleY.sevael
F45linolahtorolhC
FD57bezocnaM
PW08benaM
pst3-5.1
PSBT3-2
pst4-3
0
5
5
f ongistsrif tagniyarpsnigeByarpsrof lebaleeS.esaesid
.slavretni
wedliMyredwoP nodlomyredwop,etihW
.secaf rusf ael
ruf lus snoitceridgf m 0 dnaesaesidf ongistsrif taylppA
tonoD.slavretniyad41-7tataeper
deecxeserutarepmetf iruf lusylppa
.F09
bacS nostopsdesiarronek nuS
.tiurf
F45linolahtorolhC pst3-2 0 f ongistsrif tagniyarpsnigeB
yarpsrof lebaleeS.esaesid
.slavretni
thgilBmossolB otk citsdnatorsmossolB f odneehT.tiurf gnuoy
.k calbsnruttiurf eht
rof noitalucricriadoogedivorP .gniyrddipar
suriVciasoM sevaeL.tiurf f ognineerG
.detnutssniev,delttom
emosf oebyamsehclumevitcelf eR
demmets-wolleyehT.eulav
dnak iprepuS,k ipitluMseiteirav
f otnareloterattesrepuS
.surivciasomnolemretaw
Outline for Control of Vegetable Diseases (con't)
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15
esaesiD smotpmyS&lacimehC
noitalumroF noitalumroF noitalumroF noitalumroF noitalumroF 1
etamixorppA
nollaG / etaR nollaG / etaR nollaG / etaR nollaG / etaR nollaG / etaR 2IHP 3 snoitatimiL
OTATOPTEEWS
toRk calB ,yrD.stoornotopsk calB
nisdnetxeyacedk calb
.toorf ohself
tnalpertonoD.deesdeif itrecesU
sihterehwsnoitacolnisraey3rof
.tneserpneebsahesaesid
f rucS k calbhsinworB
f oecaf rusnonoitarolocsid
.otatop
k roC stopsyk roc,k calb,llamS
tonodstopS.seotatopni
.ecaf rusotdnetxe
.deeseerf -esaesid,deif itrecesU
sedotameNtonk -tooR f ognik carclanidutignoL
.otatop
edotamennonoitcessuoiverpeeS
.lortnoc
)xoP(toRlioS nosaeranek nusralucriC
stoorredeeF.stooryhself
.denek calbera
rehtohtiwseotatopteewsetatoR
ni2.5wolebHpniatniaM.sporc
tnatsiseraworG.sdleif detsef ni
.yteirav
muirasuF(toRmetS
)tliW
dnawolleyerastnalP
ehtf oroiretniehT.detnuts
nworbaswohseniv
.noitarolocsid
ybk cotsdeeseerf -esaesidtceleS
f I.llihhcaef osenivgninimaxe
aswohsenivf onoitcesssorc
esutonod,noitarolocsidnworb
.k cotsdeesrof stoor
tnalP(thgilBnrehtuoS
)deB
.debnistopsnieidstnalP
rewolnohtworgetihW
.mets
.raeyhcaesdebnilioswenesU
OTAMOT
topSlairetcaB nostopsdesiar,llamS
stopsdek aos-retaW.stiurf
.egailof no
reppoCdexiF
sulp
FD57bezocnaM
sulpRO
PW08benaM
snoitceridgf m
PSBT2-5.1
pst4-3
0
5
5
esurotnemtaertdeesretawtohesU
.deeseerf -esaesid
toRdnE-mossolB dnemossolbnotopsk calB
.tiurf neergllamsf o
nilevelmuiclacetauqedaniatniaM
.erutsiomliosmrof inudnalios
.seiteiravelbitpecsustsaeltnalP
.sliosythguorddiovA
thgilBylraE stopstegratnworB
f ognithgilbybdewollof
.egailof
F45linolahtorolhC
FD57bezocnaM
PW08benaM
pst2-5.1
PSBT3-5.1
pst6-3
0
5
5
noossagniyarpsevitatneverptratS
ehtnidehsilbatseerastnalpsa
.slavretniyad01-7tayarpS.nedrag
rof elbarovaf sdoirepgniruD
ehtnetrohs,tnempolevedesaesid
nacPW08benaM.lavretniyarps
nidnaesuohneergehtnidesueb
.nedrageht
esoncarhtnA nostopsnek nus,ralucriC
.tiurf epir
topSf aeLairotpeS f aelralucricyag,llamS
.sredrobk radhtiwstops
toRtiurFeyek cuB sdnabetanoz,ralucriC
,tiurf notopsegralnihtiw
.sretsulcrewolnoesrow
liospeek otstnalpek atsdnahcluM
.sretsulctiurf f f o
Outline for Control of Vegetable Diseases (con't)
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16
1 Common names are used for chemical recommendations. Trade names are listed in Table II.2 Consult label for precise rate of application. The rates given in teaspoon or tablespoon per gallon in the publication are only approximate
and the label of the specific product to be used should be consulted before mixing and applying any fungicide.3 PHI (pre-harvest interval) is the minimum number of days between last application and harvest.
esaesiD smotpmyS&lacimehC
noitalumroF noitalumroF noitalumroF noitalumroF noitalumroF 1
etamixorppA
nollaG / etaR nollaG / etaR nollaG / etaR nollaG / etaR nollaG / etaR 2IHP 3 snoitatimiL
D'TNOCOTAMOT
tliWmuirasuF f ognitliwdnagniwolleY
sahmetsf oedisnI.egailof
.noitarolocsidnworb
etatordnayteiravtnatsiseraesU
eerf -esaesidniatbO.sdleif otamot
.lioseerf -esaesidnotnalpdnastnalp
)sityrtoB(dloMyarG pitmorf nworbnrutsevaeL
ebnacdlomyarg;k cab
gnirudegailof nonees
.rehtaewdimuh
F45linolahtorolhC pst3 0 tasnoitacilppayarpsedicignuf nigeB
.esaesidf ongistsrif
thgilBetaL stopsdek aosretaw,ralugerrI
,dlomnisruccO.sevaelno
.rehtaewtew
F45linolahtorolhC
FD57bezocnaM
PW08benaM
pst3-5.1
PSBT3-5.1
pst6-2
0
5
5
.thgilbylraerof eludehcsyarpswolloF
rof elbarovaf erasnoitidnocrehtaewf I
.lavretniyarpsnetrohs,thgilbetal
nitnalpdnastnalpeerf -esaesidniatbO
.liosdetsef ni-non
dloMf aeL reppunostopswolleY
otevilO.sevaelf oecaf rus
f oedisrednunodlomyarg
niyliramirP.sevael
.sesuohneerg
F45linolahtorolhC pst2-5.1 0 nidlomf aellortnoclliwsedicignuF
nietauqedatoneratub,nedrageht
tsebehT.noitcudorpesuohneerg
ehtsiseotamotesuohneergnilortnoc
noitalugerdnaseiteiravtnatsiserf oesu
.ytidimuhf o
toRmetSmuihtyP rewolf otorretaw,k raD
.stnalpgnuoyf omets
thgilBnrehtuoS etihW.eiddnatliwstnalP
noneesebnetf onacdlom
.metsf oesab
PW57rolcarreT
)tnemtaertlios(
snoitceridgf m sirbedtnalpyrubotpeedliosnruT
.smsinagroesaesidrobrahthgimhcihw
etatoR.retawgnittesnirolcarreTesU
.f ruthtiw
tliWmuillicitreV edisni;sevaelf ogniwolleY
nworbevahlliwsmetsf o
.noitarolocsid
gnolecitcarP.seiteiravtnatsiseresU
.sporcrehtohtiwseotamotf osnoitator
)SDRALLOCEES(PINRUT
NOLEMRETAW
topSf aeLairanretlA nostopstegrat,nworB
.sevael
F45linolahtorolhC
FD57bezocnaM
PW08benaM
pst3-5.1
PSBT3-2
pst4-2
0
5
5
lebaleeS.esaesidf ongistsrif tanigeB
-esoncarhtnatnalP.slavretniyarpsrof
dnabezocnaM.seiteiravtnatsiser
.lortnocbacsrof delebaltonerabenaMesoncarhtnA nostopsralugerrinworB
nostopsnek nusdnasevael
.tiurf
topSf aeLaropsocreC .stopsnworbk rad,yniT
wedliMynwoD nostopsralugerri,wolleY
.sevael
thgilBmetSymmuG f aelralucricylralugerrIhtiwsmetsnosk carC.stops
.ezooymmug
bacS .tiurf nostrawdesiar,llamS
tliWmuirasuF f ognitliwdnawolleY
noitarolocsidnworB.sevael
.enivf oroiretnini
snoitatorgnoL.seiteiravtnatsiserworG
erehwnevedecitcarpebdluohs
.desueraseiteiravtnatsiser
Outline for Control of Vegetable Diseases (con't)
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Common Names Trade Names1
benomyl Note: Home garden benomyl products are no longer available.
chlorothalonil Bravo 720 (54%)
Bravo 75 WP
Bravo 90 WDG
Bravo Flowable Fungicide
Broad Spectrum Liquid Fungicide
Fungi-Gard
Lawn, Ornamental and Vegetable Fungicide
Vegetable Disease Control
fixed coppers Basicop
Blue Shield
KocideTri-Basic Copper Sulfate
mancozeb2 Dithane DF
Manzate 200 DF
Penncozeb
maneb2 Maneb 80 WP
Maneb Spray
Maneb Liquid Fungicide
PCNB Terraclor 10 G
Terraclor 75 WP
Table II. Common Names and Trade Names of Chemicalsfor Controlling Diseases of Vegetables
1 Follow label instructions when mixing and applying fungicides. One gallon of fungicide spray willusually cover 400-450 square feet of garden area (130-150 linear feet in three foot wide rows). Theapplication rate varies with plant size. Some product labels stipulate higher quantities of weakersprays than other similar products. Always follow the label. Labels may limit the number of applica-tions or the total allowable amount of fungicide/unit area.
2 The Environmental Protection Agency is requiring that all mancozeb, maneb and metiram productregistrations and labels bearing homeowner uses be amended to bear the following protective clothingand hygiene language: “Home gardeners applying this product must wear long-sleeved shirt, longpants and chemical-resistant gloves. The gloves must be washed thoroughly with soap and water
before removing. Clothes must be changed immediately after using these EBDC products and must belaundered separately from other laundry items before reuse.”
This listing does not imply any preference or discrimination to other products of similar suitablecomposition, but is provided solely as a reference. All formulations of a particular fungicide may notbe labeled for all crops; check label before purchasing or using any fungicide.
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labels bearing homeowner uses be amended tobear the following protective clothing andhygiene language:
“Home gardeners applying this productmust wear long-sleeved shirt, long pants and
chemical-resistant gloves. The gloves mustbe washed thoroughly with soap and waterbefore removing. Clothes must be changedimmediately after using these EBDC
products and must be laundered separately
from other laundry items before reuse.”
Pesticide Safety
Pesticides used improperly can be injuriousto humans, animals and plants. Follow thedirections, and heed all precautions on the
labels. Store pesticides in original containersunder lock and key – out of the reach of chil-dren and animals – and away from food andfeed.
Apply pesticides so they do not endangerhumans, livestock, crops, beneficial insects, fishand wildlife. Do not apply pesticides when thereis danger of drift, when honey bees or otherpollinating insects are visiting plants or in waysthat may contaminate water or leave illegalresidues.
Avoid prolonged inhalation of pesticidesprays or dusts; wear protective clothing andequipment if specified on the container.
If your hands become contaminated with apesticide, do not eat or drink until you havewashed. In case a pesticide is swallowed or getsin the eyes, follow the first-aid treatment givenon the label, and get prompt medical attention.If a pesticide is spilled on the skin or clothing,remove the clothing immediately and wash skinthoroughly.
Do not clean spray equipment or dumpexcess spray material near ponds, streams orwells. Because it is difficult to remove all tracesof herbicides from equipment, do not use thesame equipment with insecticides or fungicidesthat you use for herbicides.
Dispose of empty pesticide containerspromptly and according to the law.
Recommendations given in this publicationdo not apply to vegetables grown in greenhouses,unless otherwise noted.
Use Pesticides SafelyFollow Label Directions
U.S. Department of Agriculture
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PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTTo protect people and the environment, pesticides should be used safely. This is
everyone’s responsibility, especially the user. Read and follow label directions carefullybefore you buy, mix, apply, store or dispose of a pesticide. According to laws regulatingpesticides, they must be used only as directed by the label.
DISCLAIMER STATEMENTPesticides recommended in this publication were registered for the prescribed uses
when printed. Pesticide registrations are continuously being reviewed. Should registra-tion of a recommended pesticide be cancelled, it would no longer be recommended byThe University of Tennessee.
Use of trade or brand names in this publication is for clarity and information; it doesnot imply approval of the product to the exclusion of others which may be of similar,suitable composition, nor does it guarantee or warrant the standard of the product.
8/9/2019 Disease Control in the Home Vegetable Garden
http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/disease-control-in-the-home-vegetable-garden 20/20
The Agricultural Extension Service offers its programs to all eligible persons regardless of race,religion, color, national origin, sex, age, disability or veteran status and is an Equal Opportunity Employer. COOPERATIVE EXTENSION WORK IN
AGRICULTURE AND HOME ECONOMICS The University of Tennessee Institute of Agriculture, U.S. Department of Agriculture,and county governments cooperating in furtherance of Acts of May 8 and June 30, 1914.
Agricultural Extension Service, Charles L. Norman, Dean
PB1215-1M-11/01(Rev)
E12-4615-00-012-02