digital radio transmission equipment & · pdf fileproprietary and confidential. | 1...

Proprietary and confidential. | 1

Connecting What’s Next


Digital RadioTransmission Equipment & Planning

iTVF Forum Istanbul

28+29 May 2015

[email protected]



About Gatesair

GatesAir is former Harris Broadcast

US based company with unparalleled reliability for nearly 100 years

provides world-wide complete over-the-air Radio and Television solution supporting all TV & Radio Standards

High efficient, reliable, easy to serve premium quality for long term operation

Actively defining future of broadcasting as member of all large broadcast organization

www.gatesair.com

TV- - - - - - - - - - Transmitter - - - - - - Radio Audio over IP Studio

DTMB FM, AMCDR

IP

Network

http://www.gatesair.com/



Gatesair in Digital Radio

Leading supplier in Digital Radio world wide

Most complete transmitter product portfolio supporting all standards

largest installation base of DAB transmitter

Norway Australia supporting trials world wideUK Taiwan DenmarkNetherlandsSwitzerlandFrance Czech Republic Ireland

> 1000 DAB Transmitter supplied last 5 years

DRM30 transmitter for roll-out in India


Connecting What’s Next4

Terrestrial Digital Radio Technologies

all using OFDM type of modulation

Differences in spectrum usage, service capacity

For optimized coverage Single Frequency Network (SFN)

New digital Radio receiver necessary in any cases



Channel Bandwidth 1.536 kHz 96 kHz 400 kHz(200kHz HD+200kHz FM)

Net Data Rate 1.728 kbit/s 186 kBit/s 120 kBit/s

Audio Quality HE-AAC v2 xHE-AAC Modified HE-AAC

Services per Ch 25 4 4

Relevant Parameter

LW MW SW VHF Band 1 VHF Band 2 VHF Band 3 L-Band

Usable spectrum



200 kHz

FM

96 kHz

DRM+

98,5 kHz

398 kHz

HD Radio

100 kHz

VHF Band 2

Channel occupation to consider

FM

Channel

Step-size

174 MHz 240 MHz

Ch 5 Ch 6 Ch 7 Ch 8 Ch 9 Ch 10 Ch 11 Ch 12

9A 9B 9C 9D

1536 kHz

Ch 13

7 MHz

VHF Band 3

DAB+

DRM+……..



Migration scenario FM to DAB+

DAB+ enables the migration to digital in VHF Band 3, not standardized in Band 2

4 DAB+ Channels (Blocks) to migrate full FM Band of 100 Radio services

Very cost efficient infrastructure per program

VHF Band 2

100 FM

Transmitter

4 DAB+

Transmitter

108 MHz87,5 MHz

FM Spectrum full (100 Radio programs)

25 Services

174 MHz 240 MHz

1,5 MHz

VHF Band 3

DAB+ channel in Band 3



Migration scenario FM to DRM+

DRM+ can be used to migrate to digital Radio in VHF Band 1, Band 2 and Band 3.

To carry 100 FM Radio Programs min. 33 DRM+ Transmitter needed

100 FM

Transmitter33 DRM+

Transmitter

VHF Band 2

b) FM Spectrum full (100 Radio programs)

108 MHz87,5 MHz 174 MHz 230 MHz

VHF Band 3

a) FM Spectrum not full

108 MHz87,5 MHz

VHF Band 2

DRM+ placed on free channels

108 MHz87,5 MHz

96 kHz

VHF Band 2



Migration scenario FM to HD Radio

HD Radio offers to migrate to digital Radio in VHF Band II but requires additional 200kHz space (98kHz left and right of the FM channel)

In case of full FM spectrum HD Radio is no option to migrate to digital Radio

b) FM Spectrum full (100 Radio programs)

108 MHz87,5 MHz

VHF Band 2

108 MHz87,5 MHz

VHF Band 2

No space for HD Radio digital channel

a) FM Spectrum not full

108 MHz87,5 MHz

VHF Band 2

108 MHz

VHF Band 2

87,5 MHz

HD Radio digital channel left & right to FM

98 kHz

400 kHz

1 Service in FM+HD

3 new HD services



0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

1 2 3

Transmitter RF power in Digital Radio

FM10kW

2,5kW

1kW

ERP power

for similar coverage 1 10.000 W

25 100 W

4 250W

Ser-

vice

Power/

Service

significant lower RF power in Digital Radio for equal reception compared to FM

large savings in power consumption with Digital Radio

low RF power in Digital Radio because of:

Robustness of OFDM type of Modulation and

Implemented Forward Error Correction (FEC)



DAB OFDM modulation ETI G.704 / EDI IP Input

interface Real-Time-Automatic-

Correction of non-linear & linear distortions (Amplifier, Filter)

GPS synchronization for SFN

Transmitter DAB+ vs. FM

MAXIV

A

DAB

Transmitter

High power

air cooled

Exciter/ Modulator Power Amplifier

FM Transmitter cannot re-used for DAB+ due to different frequency range & modulation,

existing Band 3 TV transmitter possible to convert to DAB+

Main characteristic of DAB Transmitter compared to FM:

174-240 MHz range Broadband high efficient

linearized amplifier Alternatively Doherty

narrow band high efficient

Band Pass Filter

Secure RF spectrum limits 6 cavity or 8 cavity

Flexiva VAX2500DA2,5 kW DAB+


Connecting What’s Next 1-

Ju

Mechanical – Rear Panel

EDI Inputs

1PPS &

10MHz Ref

Inputs

GPS Antenna

Input

Linear & non-linear

Real-time automatic

correction

ETI Inputs



DAB Transmitter, example High Power

Liquid Cooled

Maxiva™ VLXMaxiva™ VAX-3D Maxiva™ VAX

Low Power compact

Air Cooled

Medium & High Power

Air Cooled

MAXIV

A

300W to 600W

10W to 150W

1.25 kW to 6 kW 1.2 kW to 10 kW

typically up to 40% efficiency in high power

Liquid cooled for powers >1 kW or >2 kW

In Europe max. 10 kW ERP coordinated (!)



DAB Transmitter supply last 5y

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450 > 1000 DAB GatesAir transmitter installed last 5 years

Majority in medium power



Power budget for transmission system

Typical Example DAB+ Transmission System

Consider the complete transmission system for energy efficient operation !

Additional energy consumption for room cooling system may occur

Investments in low loss Filter & Feeder Cable could pay back shortly

High Antenna gain recommended

Transmitter

60% losses

Filter

15% losses

Feeder cable

15% lossesAntenna

4 kW 3,4 kW 2,9 kW

In the example: 71% energy loss to consider over the whole transmission system!

10 kW

100 m

40% eff.



Transmitter DRM+ Radio vs. FM

Digital - ready

FM Transmitter

FM,

DRM+

HD Radio,

HD+FM

Exciter/ Modulator Power Amplifier

Only digital ready FM Transmitter can be re-used for DRM+

Digital ready FM transmitter provides:

Multimode Amplifier on-the-fly switching

between FM and DRM+ or HD Radio

able to get linearized

Band Pass Filter

Band-pass filter may needed to secure RF spectrum limits

Resources to process OFDM modulation

IP Input interface Real-Time-Automatic-

Correction of non-linearity of power Amplifier

GPS synchronization for SFN

10 kW FM4 kW DRM+4 kW HD Radio

Flexiva FAX10k



Linear & non-linear

Real-time automatic

correction

Main AES

Aux AES

Left Right Main Comp

Aux Comp

SCA2SCA1

10MHz In/Out

1PPS In/Out

19kHz Out

Optional GPS Rx Ant Input

For SFN

IP input for

DRM+ and HD

Radio

FM specific

* RTAC = Real Time Automatic Correction for non-linear and linear distortions

Example of an DRM+ & HD Radio ready FM TX



FM/ DRM+/ HD Transmitter High Power

Liquid Cooled

Maxiva™ VLXMaxiva™ VAX-3D Maxiva™ VAX

Low Power compact

Air Cooled

Medium & High Power

Air Cooled

FM 300W to 3,500W

DRM+ 75W to 850W

FM typically up to 72% power efficiency in medium & high power

DRM+ / HD Radio with typ. 50% power efficiency

Liquid cooled for powers >=5kW FM

FM 10W to 150W

DRM+ 4W to 40W

FM 5.0 kW to 40 kW

DRM+ 4,3 kW to 10 kWFM 5.0 kW to 40 kW

DRM+ 4,3 kW to 10 kW



DistributionNetwork

Freq 1

Freq 3

Freq 2

Program 1

DistributionNetwork

Program 1

AM Radio

FM Radio

Transmission system in analog Radio

Program Provider Network Provider



Program Provider Ensemble Provider Network Provider

Transmission system in digital Radio

All TX on same Frequency

Program 1

Program 2

Program 3

SFNData

Contribution DistributionContent

Server

Contribution

Program 1

Program 2

Program 25

.

.

.

Data Services

Distribution

All TX on same Frequency

SFN

DAB+

Multiplexer



Analoge FM

Many towers

Interferences

Save tower & antenna space

DAB+

Single Antenna

No interference



Choice of Digital Radio standards for many migration scenarios

Transmitter for all Digital Radio Standards available and widly proofed

Significant cost advantage with Digital Radio ,needs lower RF while carry many programs per channel

DAB+ and HD Radio actual most installed

DRM hast started

long simulcast periode has to be taken in account which may requireinvestments in analog FM infrastructure as well

Summary



Thank you very much !

Jens StockmannProduct Specialist Transmission

GatesAir

[email protected]

mailto:[email protected]

digital radio transmission equipment & · pdf fileproprietary and confidential. | 1...

Documents